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Tools to identify the men with prostate cancer most appropriate for active surveillance？

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2014年第1期16卷 97-98页

作者： robert h Getzenberg GTx Inc. Memphis TN USA

Agreat deal of effort is underway in order .to identify those men with prostatecancer felicitous for active surveillance with greater precision than that afforded to us today. In the manuscript by Irshad et al. the authors evaluate a novel set of genes associated with senescence and aging as tools that can provide guidance regarding the indolent nature of an individual＇s prostate cancer with validation using both mRNA and protein analyses. While additional studies are required to understand the full impact of these findings, the innovative approach taken enhances our understanding of distinct phenotypes of prostate cancer.

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Inhibition of sperm motility does not affect live-dead separation of bull sperm by glass beads

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2001年第3期3卷 193-198页

作者： robert h.Foote Department of Animal Science Cornell University Ithaca NY 14853-4801 USA

Aim: This study was designed to explore factors which influence binding of dead versus live sperm to glass ***: Multiple semen collections from bulls were used to explore selective filtration of bull sperm as influencedby nonlethal inhibition of sperm motility with fluoride, killing of sperm by quick-freezing, alteration of the glass sur-face with silicone, and different intervals of sexual rest between semen collections. Results: A comparison of glassspheres 100, 200 and 390μm in diameter indicated that 200 μm spheres were optimal for selective filtration. Quantita-tive separation of live from dead sperm was demonstrated with a correlation between the percentage of motile sperm andretention of sperm by the filter of r = -0.87 (P he proportion ofsperm retained by the filter despite inhibiting sperm motility during filtration, an inhibition which was reversible. Pro-portions of live-dead sperm, based upon eosin staining, were unaffected by fluoride. Coating the glass spheres with sil-icone greatly reduced selective filtration. Dead sperm adherence to glass was reduced and resistance to NaFl inhibitionwas increased by daily ejaculation versus one-week intervals of sexual rest. Conclusion; These studies indicate thatthe adherence of sperm to glass is primarily due to some form of physico-chemical change accompanying death of thesperm cell independent of active sperm motility. This attraction between the sperm plasma membrane and glass is modi-fied by the age of the ejaculated sperm. This information is useful in evaluating different clinical procedures used forsperm separation. (Asian J Androl 2001 Sep; 3: 193-198)

关键词： sperm motility glass spere filters silicone fluorides inhibition

how do we define “castration” in men on androgen deprivation therapy?

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2020年第5期22卷 441-446页

作者： Sarin Itty robert h Getzenberg Dr.Kiran C.Patel College of Allopathic Medicine Nova Southeastern UniversityFort LauderdaleFL33328USA

Androgen deprivation therapy(ADT)is the mainstay for the treatment of advanced prostate *** the clinical evolution from surgical orchiectomy,we have typically used ADT and orchiectomy to be synonymous terms for *** goal of this study is to determine if,in contemporary medical practice,surgical and chemical castration provide for similar levels of diminishment of total and free ***,what approaches should be used to most accurately measure testosterone levels in men with advanced prostate cancer and what cutoff values,for example for total testosterone 50 ng dl-1 or 20 ng dl-1,should be *** available in the literature have been analyzed and compiled to address these ***,evidence is provided that free testosterone,the biologically active component,should be utilized to provide clinically relevant state of castration.

关键词： androgen androgen deprivation therapy castration free testosterone testosterone

Quality colonoscopy:A matter of time,technique or technology?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第10期19卷 1517-1522页

作者： robert h Lee Veterans Affairs Long Beach health Care System University of California IrvineLong BeachCA 93109United States

Quality colonoscopy is defined by the detection of adenomatous polyps at least 25% of the time in men and 15% of the time in *** studies highlight the importance of key aspects of high quality *** include the amount of time spent examining the mucosa or withdrawal time,the quality of withdrawal technique and new technologies which seek to maximize the detection of colonic *** review summarizes the latest evidence regarding the role of time,technique and technology in shaping the quality of colonoscopy.

关键词： Adenoma Colorectal cancer Quality colonoscopy Colorectal cancer screening

Techniques for hiding Mobile Node's Location Movement Information in Mobile IP

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China Communications 2007年第1期4卷 85-94页

作者： robert h.DENG Singapore Management University(SMU)

Mobile IP is an IP layer mobility protocol which allows mobile nodes to remain reachable while moving around in the *** the current IETF Mobile IP specifications,when a mobile node roams, its location movement can be tracked by simply monitoring the IP addresses in IP ***, the issue of protecting location information in Mobile IP has received increasing attention,especially within the IETF and the 3GPP standard *** this paper we propose a technique for hiding a mobile node’s location movement information from eavesdroppers during route optimization and as well as from its correspondent node during reverse tunneling. The proposed technique is highly efficient and fully compatible with the base Mobile IPv6 operation.

关键词： security pricacy protection location information mobile IP

Novel approaches for the molecular classification of prostate cancer

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2010年第5期12卷 620-622页

作者： robert h. Getzenberg Department of Urology James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute The Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimore 21287 MD USA

Among the urologic cancers, prostate cancer is by far the most common, and it appears to have the potential to affect almost all men throughout the world as they age. A number of studies have shown that many men with prostate cancer will not die from their disease, but rather with the disease but from other causes. These men have a form of prostate cancer that is described as ＂very low risk＂ and has often been called indolent.

关键词： Prostate Cancer (genus) Neoplasms Men Beers Aluminium Classification

Cancer/testis antigens： novel tools for discerning aggressive and non-aggressive prostate cancer

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2012年第3期14卷 400-404,I0006页

作者： Takumi Shiraishi robert h Getzenberg Prakash Kulkarni Department of Urology James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute Baltimore M D 21287 USA Department of Urology Graduate School of Medical Science Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Kyoto Japan Department of Oncology James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute Baltimore MD 21287 USA pharmacology and Molecular Sciences The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD 21287 USA

The introduction of serum prostate-specific antigen （PSA） in the 1980s has dramatically altered and benefited the initial diagnosis of prostate cancer. however, the widespread use of PSA testing has resulted in overdetection and overtreatment of potentially indolent disease. Thus, a clinical dilemma today in the management of prostate cancer is to discern men with aggressive disease who need definitive treatment from men whose disease are not lethal. Although several serum and tissue biomarkers have been evaluated during the past decade, improved markers are still needed to enhance the accuracy, with which patients at risk can be discerned and treated more aggressively. The cancer/testis antigens （CTAs） are a group of proteins that are restricted to the testis in the normal adult, but are aberrantly expressed in several types of cancers. Because of their restricted expression pattern, the CTAs represent attractive biomarker candidates for cancer diagnosis/prognosis. Furthermore, several studies to date have reported the differential expression of CTAs in prostate cancer. here, we review recent developments that demonstrate the potential of the CTAs as biomarkers to discern the a^ressive Dhenotvoe of orostate cancer.

关键词： cancer/testis antigens DNA microarrays prostate cancer prostate carcinoma tumor antigen

Resazurin reduction and other tests of semen quality and fertility of bulls

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Asian Journal of Andrology 1999年第3期1卷 109-114页

作者： robert h.Foote Department of Animal Science Comell University Ithaca NY 14853-4801 USA

Aim: This study was undertaken to compare the reduction in color of two dyes methylene blue (MBRT) and resazurindye (RRT) with other tests of bull semen quality and to examine their relationship to fertility. Methods: One hundredsixty-four ejaculates from 59 bulls were examined, processed, and used for 30 016 inseminations. Results: Bulls usedin artificial insemination have been selected for high semen quality and fertility, and semen from these bulls averaged80.6 % unstained sperm, only 11% had abnormalities, and fertility ranged from 64 %to 76 %. The MBRT and RRTwere run with standardized sperm numbers to prevent sperm concentration from influencing the dye reduction time. Ashort RRT was correlated with higher fertility ( r = -0.26) but MBRT was not correlated ( r = -0.05, P >0.0,5).The correlations were low, but axe typical and reflect the statistical effect of the large binomial variance associated withpregnancy or nonpregnancy being coded as 1 or O. Conclusion: The fact that the RRT was significantly correlated withfertility when sperm numbers were standardized, and published reports that resazurin is useful for monitoring other semencharacteristics, indicate that this dye may provide valuable information not given by other simple laboratory tests. (AsianJ Androl 1999 Sep; 1: 109 - 114 )

关键词： fertility semen spermatozoa cattle resazurin reduction

Cyr61 is a potential prognostic marker for prostate cancer

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2012年第3期14卷 405-408,I0006页

作者： Naoki Terada Prakash Kulkarni robert h Getzenberg Department of Urology the James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore M D 21287 USA Department of Urology Oncology The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore Baltimore MD 21287 USA Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore MD 21287 USA

Cysteine-rich angiogenic inducer 61 （Cyr61） is an extracellular matrix protein involved in the transduction of growth factor and hormone signaling that is frequently altered in expression in several types of cancers. In prostate cancer （PCa）, Cyr61 is highly expressed in organ-confined disease. Further, Cyr61 expression levels are associated with a lower risk of disease recurrence, and can be quantitatively measured in the serum. Considered together, these results indicate that Cyr61 is a potential and clinically useful tissue, as well as serum-based biomarker for differentiating lethal and non-lethal PCa.

关键词： Cyr61 lethal prostate cancer non-lethal prostate cancer overdiagnosis overtreatment prostate cancer