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美国勘探地球物理学家学会第67届年会

作者： robert E．grimm Heloise B．Lynn 孟平 Blackhawk Geometrics Inc. Lynn Inc.

反射振幅随偏移距和方位角的变化（AVOA）正被用作在垂直裂隙含气储层中裂缝密度、方向和含量的指示器。然而,振幅也对其它许多因素敏感,而这些因素可能给这种推断带来偏差。使用近轴射线追踪,我们能定量地给出在构造复杂的各向异性环...

反射振幅随偏移距和方位角的变化（AVOA）正被用作在垂直裂隙含气储层中裂缝密度、方向和含量的指示器。然而,振幅也对其它许多因素敏感,而这些因素可能给这种推断带来偏差。使用近轴射线追踪,我们能定量地给出在构造复杂的各向异性环境下的三维资料中这些因素的影响。因为用来计算AVO的Shuey的近似性,加长接收器的排列会引起在长距方向相对短距方向的不同的AVO梯度,而且,在短排列方向由于较少几个样点和较小的偏移距范围,计算的梯度也是不可常的。断层的散射减小了反射振幅和梯度并且给估计带来了大的差异。在由各向异性引起的 AVO梯度中的变化与预期在泊松比中的变化一致,对非顺从（如,充水）裂隙,梯度正交于裂隙走向,在垂直裂隙的砂岩顶部的比各向同性情况更“正”。相反地,冠状页岩中的层状各向异性产生的梯度比各向同性的情况更“负”。当这两种各向异性都存在时,由于普遍的射线路线由高角向层状传播,使得冠状页岩处于支配地位。这样的变化对于含气裂隙正相反,这就可以假设在AVO梯度中方位的差异（垂直裂隙减平行裂隙）能用来确定裂隙量:对于水,这个差异为正,而对于气,这个差异为负。这个符号的变化与穿过反射体的阻抗差或泊松比差无关,但会由于构造的散射、观测系统,包括缺少足够偏移距的观测系统而变得模糊不清。

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A Validation Study of the Deep-Learning-Based Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System Scoring Algorithm

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Open Journal of Radiology 2022年第3期12卷 59-67页

作者： Ryusuke Irie Maki Amano Kazusa Sugeno Shingo Okada Ali Kamen Bin Lou Heinrich von Busch robert grimm Dorin Comaniciu Toshiaki Akashi Ryohei Kuwatsuru Shigeo Horie Kanako K. Kumamaru Shigeki Aoki Department of Radiology Juntendo University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan Department of Radiology Juntendo University Shizuoka Hospital Shizuoka Japan Digital Technology and Innovation Division Siemens Healthineers Princeton USA Digital Health Siemens Healthcare GmbH Erlangen Germany MR Application Predevelopment Siemens Healthcare GmbH Erlangen Germany Department of Urology Juntendo University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan

Purpose: The Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) was introduced to standardize prostate cancer diagnosis by MRI. However, the inter-reader agreement by PI-RADS scoring is not always high. The purpose of this study was to validate a deep-learning-based diagnostic algorithm of PI-RADS. Methods: We applied a Siemens Healthineers Prostate Artificial Intelligence (AI) prototype (work in progress) for fully automated prostate lesion detection, classification and reporting. More than 2000 bi-parametric MRI studies along with the PI-RADS reports were included as training, validation, and test data. This prospective validation study includes 101 consecutive patients suspected of prostate cancer, and 100 patients were included in the analysis. All subjects underwent a noncontrast-enhanced bi-parametric MRI including T2-weighted and diffusion-weighted imaging. Two board-certified radiologists independently scored the PI-RADS, and if there were disagreements;another radiologist confirmed the diagnosis. We compared the AI results with the interpretation results by the radiologists. Results: The sensitivity of our AI model for PI-RADS ≥ 4 was 0.76, and the specificity was 0.76. For the cases with PI-RADS ≥ 3, the sensitivity was 0.69, and the specificity was 0.76. In the lesion-based analysis, AI detection rates of PI-RADS 3, 4, 5 lesions in the peripheral zone were 43%, 63%, and 100%, respectively. In the transition zone, AI detection rates of PI-RADS 3, 4, 5 were 30%, 54%, and 100%, respectively. Conclusion: Our deep-learning-based algorithm has been validated and shown to help score PI-RADS.

关键词： Deep Learning Artificial Intelligence Prostate Cancer PI-RADS

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Studies on Differential Nuclear Translocation Mechanism and Assembly of the Three Subunits of the Arabidopsis thaliana Transcription Factor NF-Y

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Molecular Plant 2012年第4期5卷 876-888页

作者： Dieter Hackenberg Yanfang Wu Andrea Voigt robert Adams Peter Schramm Bernhard grimmI Institute of Biology/Plant Physiology Humboldt University Philippstr. 13 Building 12 10115 Berlin Germany

The eukaryotic transcription factor NF-Y consists of three subunits （A, B, and C）, which are encoded in Ara- bidopsis thaliana in multigene families consisting of 10, 13, and 13 genes, respectively. In principle, all potential combi- nations of the subunits are possible for the assembly of the heterotrimeric complex. We aimed at assessing the probability of each subunit to participate in the assembly of NF-Y. The evaluation of physical interactions among all members of the NF-Y subunit families indicate a strong requirement for NF-YB/NF-YC heterodimerization before the entire complex can be accomplished. By means of a modified yeast two-hybrid system assembly of all three subunits to a heterotrimeric complex was demonstrated. Using GFP fusion constructs, NF-YA and NF-YC localization in the nucleus was demonstrated, while NF- YB is solely imported into the nucleus as a NF-YC-associated heterodimer NF-YC. This piggyback transport of the two Arabidopsis subunits differs from the import of the NF-Y heterotrimer of heterotrophic organisms. Based on a peptide structure model of the histone-fold-motifs, disulfide bonding among intramolecular conserved cysteine residues of NF-YB, which is responsible for the redox-regulated assembly of NF-YB and NF-YC in human and Aspergillus nidulans, can be excluded for Arabidopsis NF-YB.

关键词： gene expression transcriptional control and transcription factors nuclear translocation protein-proteininteraction.

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A Validation Study of the Deep-Learning-Based Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System Scoring Algorithm

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Open Journal of Radiology（放射学期刊） 2022年第3期

作者： ryusuke irie maki amano kazusa sugeno shingo okada ali kamen bin lou heinrich von busch robert grimm dorin comaniciu toshiaki akashi ryohei kuwatsuru shigeo horie kanako k. kumamaru shigeki aoki

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Co-chaperoning of chlorophyll and carotenoid biosynthesis by ORANGE family proteins in plants

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Molecular Plant 2023年第6期16卷 1048-1065页

作者： Tianhu Sun Peng Wang Sombir Rao Xuesong Zhou Emalee Wrightstone Shan Lu Hui Yuan Yong Yang Tara Fish Theodore Thannhauser Jiping Liu Michael Mazourek Bernhard grimm Li Li robert W.Holley Center for Agriculture and Health USDA-ARSCornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA Plant Breeding and Genetics Section School of Integrative Plant ScienceCornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853UA Department of Plant Physiology Institute of BiologyHumboldt-Universitat zu Berlin10115 BerlinGermany School of Biological Sciences The University of Hong KongPokfulam RoadHong Kong 999077China State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology School of Life SciencesNanjing UniversityNanjng 210023China

Chlorophylls and carotenoids are essential photosynthetic *** spatiotemporally coordinate the needs of chlorophylls and carotenoids for optimal photosynthesis and fitness in response to diverse environmental and developmental ***,how the biosynthesis pathways of these two pigments are coordinated,particularly at posttranslational level to allow rapid control,remains largely ***,we report that the highly conserved ORANGE(OR)family proteins coordinate both pathways via posttranslationally mediating the first committed enzyme in each *** demonstrate that OR family proteins physically interact with magnesium chelatase subunit I(CHLI)in chlorophyll biosynthesis pathway in addition to phytoene synthase(PSY)in carotenoid biosynthesis pathway and concurrently stabilize CHLI and PSY *** show that loss of OR genes hinders both chlorophyll and carotenoid biosynthesis,limits light-harvesting complex assembly,and impairs thylakoid grana stacking in *** of OR safeguards photosynthetic pigment biosynthesis and enhances thermotolerance in both Arabidopsis and tomato *** findings establish a novel mechanism by which plants coordinate chlorophyll and carotenoid biosynthesis and provide a potential genetic target to generate climate-resilient crops.

关键词： photosynthetic pigments chlorophylls carotenoids OR family proteins CHLl PSY thermotolerance

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