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Investigating cooked rice textural properties by instrumental measurements

Food Science and Human Wellness 2020年第2期9卷 130-135页

作者： Keyu Tao Wenwen Yu Sangeeta Prakash robert G.gilbert Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety College of AgricultureYangzhou UniversityYangzhouJiangsu225009PR China The University of Queensland Centre for Nutrition and Food SciencesQueensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food InnovationBrisbaneQLD4072Australia Department of Food Science&Engineering Jinan UniversityHuangpu West Avenue 601Guangzhou CityGuangdong Province510632PR China The University of Queensland School of Agriculture and Food ScienceQLD4072Australia Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of EducationJiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and PhysiologyCollege of AgricultureYangzhou UniversityYangzhou225009PR China

Foods wherein the starch is slowly digested contribute to good health by reducing the tendency to,and for the maintenance of,diabetes,obesity and colo-rectal *** foods with high amylose content have this desirable property,they usually do not have high sensory appeal and consumers are reluctant to eat *** sensory evaluation by trained human panelists is the best way to obtain consumer preferences,these tests are expensive,time-consuming and require considerable effort and *** measurements are easier,cheaper and invaluable for screening,but only useful if they correlate with human data for the type of food being ***,we test this using cooked rice with a wide range of amylose *** properties were correlated against quantitative descriptive panelist *** power and breakdown viscosity correlated with all panelist sensory attributes,but no other correlations with gelatinization properties were *** was a strong correlation between hardness and stickiness measured by texture profile analysis(TPA)and by panelists,suggesting that TPA can be used to measure hardness and stickiness of cooked *** also showed that breakdown viscosity is a reliable instrumental means to provide indicative measurements of hardness and rice preference,and swelling power is a predictor of rice stickiness.

关键词： Rice Texture Instrumental Viscosity Swellingpower

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Effects of Rice Variety and Growth Location in Cambodia on Grain Composition and Starch Structure

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Rice science 2014年第1期21卷 47-58页

作者： Seila SAR Morgan J.TIZZOTTI Jovin HASJIM robert G.gilbert University of Queensland Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation

The effects of variety and growth location on grain composition and starch structures were investigated using three rice （Oryza sativa L.） cultivars （Phka Romduol, Sen Pidao and IR66） with different amylose contents. All the three cultivars were planted in three different agro-climatic zones （Phnom Penh, Coastal and Plateau） of Cambodia. The protein content of polished grains increased when rice was planted at a location with higher average temperature, but their lipid content decreased. The amylose content and degree of branching were not greatly affected by the minor temperature differences among the growing locations. Starch fine structures characterized by the chain-length distribution were significantly different among the cultivars, but not significantly among different locations. The results suggested that protein and lipid biosyntheses were more sensitive to the environmental temperature than that of starch in rice grains.

关键词： rice physicochemical property starch fine structure size-exclusion chromatography growth location

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Structure of Toxoplasma Perforin-like Proteins

Structure of Toxoplasma Perforin-like Proteins

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中国化学会第十一届全国生物医药色谱及相关技术学术交流会

作者： Tao Ni Karl Harlos robert gilbert Division of Structural Biology Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics

＜正＞Perforin-like proteins（PLPs）have been identified in all forms of cellular life except,Archaebacteria,and they represent a sub-branch of the largest known family of pore-forming *** study revealed that PLPs were involved in pathogenesis of Apicomplexan parasites,including Toxoplasma and *** encodes two PLPs（TgPLP1 and Tg PLP2）in its genome and knockout out of TgPLP1 resulted

关键词： toxoplasma Perforin-like proteins

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非体外循环下冠状动脉搭桥的临床探讨

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西安医科大学学报 2001年第3期22卷 272-273页

作者：耿希刚 Jorge Carcia robert gilbert 许锁春郑建杰董安平西安交通大学第一医院心脏外科西安710061 HospitalCenter Washington DCU.S.A

目的　总结非体外循环下冠状动脉搭桥的临床经验。方法　在非体外循环下行冠状动脉搭桥术 1 0例 ,2例左前外侧小切口 ,1例胸骨下段正中小切口 ,7例胸骨正中切口。搭桥支数 1～ 4支 ,平均 ( 2 3± 1 3)支 ,均应用左侧乳内动脉搭于左前... 详细信息

目的　总结非体外循环下冠状动脉搭桥的临床经验。方法　在非体外循环下行冠状动脉搭桥术 1 0例 ,2例左前外侧小切口 ,1例胸骨下段正中小切口 ,7例胸骨正中切口。搭桥支数 1～ 4支 ,平均 ( 2 3± 1 3)支 ,均应用左侧乳内动脉搭于左前降支。结果　 1 0例患者术后均恢复良好 ,痊愈出院 ;平均住院费用下降。 2例出现并发症 ,经治疗痊愈。结论　非体外循环冠状动脉搭桥术创伤小、安全 ,但对手术操作技术要求高 ,需要特殊设备 ,且应具有一定的手术适应症。

关键词：冠状动脉搭桥技术非体外循环胸骨正中切口胸左前外侧小切口胸骨下段正中小切口

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记忆的盒子

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英语学习 2004年第7期 28-29页

作者： robert H.gilbert 阿蛮

打开这个记忆的盒子,就像万缕花香飘散开来,沁人心脾;又像一瓶尘封多年的老酒,香醇与苦涩,美在其中。 One day,an older woman was sitting on her bed,packing some things,in boxes,to put in her *** her forehead with her hand and... 详细信息

关键词：记忆盒子

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2D-SEC揭示淀粉分支酶对小麦淀粉精细结构的影响

2D-SEC揭示淀粉分支酶对小麦淀粉精细结构的影响

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中国食品科学技术学会第十八届年会

作者：徐晨李恩鹏 robert G.gilbert 扬州大学农学院植物功能基因组学教育部重点实验室江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室扬州大学农业与农产品安全教育部国际合作联合实验室江苏省作物基因组学与分子育种重点实验室昆士兰大学营养与食品科学中心昆士兰农业与食品创新联盟

淀粉支化酶（SBE）是主要影响谷物胚乳中的淀粉分子结构的酶之一。使用体积排阻色谱仪（SEC）揭示了一种普通淀粉（RS01）和两种高直链淀粉SBE突变体淀粉（RS101是SBEIIa缺失突变体;RS100是SBEIIa和SBEIIb缺失突变体）的二维（2D）结构... 详细信息

淀粉支化酶（SBE）是主要影响谷物胚乳中的淀粉分子结构的酶之一。使用体积排阻色谱仪（SEC）揭示了一种普通淀粉（RS01）和两种高直链淀粉SBE突变体淀粉（RS101是SBEIIa缺失突变体;RS100是SBEIIa和SBEIIb缺失突变体）的二维（2D）结构分布,二维是指淀粉全分子分布以及支链链长分布（CLD）。前人尚未报道采用2DSEC分析SBE对淀粉精细结构的影响,其将化学分馏、酶促脱分支和SEC多重检测相结合,以获得相关的数据。试验结果揭露了SBEIIs如何影响直链淀粉和支链淀粉的CLD和淀粉全分子尺寸的新信息。SBEIIa的缺失影响正常支链淀粉的形成,导致直链淀粉和中间组分（IC）的相对含量增加;SBEIIa和SBEIIb的缺失会影响正常支链淀粉和IC的形成,导致直链淀粉的相对含量大幅增加。本文旨在使用2D-SEC分析CLD和淀粉大分子尺寸揭示了小麦淀粉生物合成中直链淀粉和支链淀粉之间的联系。

关键词：小麦淀粉尺寸排阻色谱(SEC) 生物合成淀粉分支酶中间组分

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Creation and judicious application of a wheat resistance gene atlas

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Molecular Plant 2021年第7期14卷 1053-1070页

作者： Amber N.Hafeez Sanu Arora Sreya Ghosh David gilbert robert L.Bowden Brande B.H.Wulff John Innes Centre Norwich Research ParkNorwichUK USDA-ARS Hard Winter Wheat Genetics Research UnitManhattanKS 66506USA

Disease-resistance(R)gene cloning in wheat(Triticum aestivum)has been accelerated by the recent surge of genomic resources,facilitated by advances in sequencing technologies and ***,with the challenges of population growth and climate change,it is vital not only to clone and functionally characterize a few handfuls of R genes,but also to do so at a scale that would facilitate the breeding and deployment of crops that can recognize the wide range of pathogen effectors that threaten *** populations are continually changing,and breeders must have tools and resources available to rapidly respond to those changes if we are to safeguard our daily *** meet this challenge,we propose the creation of a wheat R-gene atlas by an international community of researchers and *** atlas would consist of an online directory from which sources of resistance could be identified and deployed to achieve more durable resistance to the major wheat pathogens,such as wheat rusts,blotch diseases,powdery mildew,and wheat *** present a costed proposal detailing how the inter-acting molecular components governing disease resistance could be captured from both the host and the pathogen through biparental mapping,mutational genomics,and whole-genome association *** explore options for the configuration and genotyping of diversity panels of hexaploid and tetraploid wheat,as well as their wild relatives and major pathogens,and discuss how the atlas could inform a dynamic,durable approach to R-gene *** against the current magnitude of wheat yield losses worldwide,recently estimated at 21%,this endeavor presents one route for bringing R genes from the lab to the field at a considerable speed and quantity.

关键词： wheat Triticum aestivum disease resistance R genes association genetics gene stewardship durable resistance

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Modelling changing population distributions:an example of the Kenyan Coast,1979–2009

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2017年第10期10卷 1017-1029页

作者： Catherine Linard Caroline W.Kabaria Marius gilbert Andrew J.Tatem Andrea E.Gaughan Forrest R.Stevens Alessandro Sorichetta Abdisalan M.Noor robert W.Snow Spatial Epidemiology Lab(SpELL) UniversitéLibre de BruxellesBrusselsBelgium Department of Geography Universitéde NamurNamurBelgium Spatial Health Metrics Group KEMRI Wellcome Trust Research ProgrammeNairobiKenya Fonds National de la Recherche Scientifique(F.R.S.-FNRS) BrusselsBelgium WorldPop Department of Geography and EnvironmentUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK Fogarty International Center National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA Flowminder Foundation StockholmSweden Department of Geography and Geosciences University of LouisvilleLouisvilleKYUSA Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global HealthUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK

Large-scale gridded population datasets are usually produced for the year of input census data using a top-down approach and projected backward and forward in time using national growth *** temporal projections do not include any subnational variation in population distribution trends and ignore changes in geographical covariates such as urban land cover *** predictions of population distribution changes over time require the use of a limited number of covariates that are time-invariant or temporally *** we make use of recently released multi-temporal high-resolution global settlement layers,historical census data and latest developments in population distribution modelling methods to reconstruct population distribution changes over 30 years across the Kenyan *** explore the methodological challenges associated with the production of gridded population distribution time-series in data-scarce countries and show that trade-offs have to be found between spatial and temporal resolutions when selecting the best modelling *** used to fill data gaps may vary according to the local context and the objective of the *** work will hopefully serve as a benchmark for future developments of population distribution time-series that are increasingly required for population-at-risk estimations and spatial modelling in various fields.

关键词： Human population distribution modelling gridded population datasets temporal change Kenya

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Potentially traumatic events,coping strategies and associations with mental health and well-being measures among conflict-affected youth in Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo

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Global Health Research and Policy 2016年第1期1卷 54-71页

作者： Megan Cherewick Shannon Doocy Wietse Tol gilbert Burnham Nancy Glass Department of International Health Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health615 N.Wolfe St.BaltimoreMD 21205USA Department of Mental Health Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health624 N.BroadwayHH 863BaltimoreMD 21205USA Department of International Health Johns Hopkins School of NursingJohns Hopkins Center for Global Health615 N.Wolfe St.BaltimoreMD 21205USA

Background:Youth in conflict and post-conflict settings are exposed to a variety of potentially-traumatic events that impact their mental health and *** purposes of this study were to examine coping strategies among conflict-affected youth exposed to potentially-traumatic events and the relationship to psychological symptoms and well-being in the Democratic Republic of Congo(DRC).Methods:A total of 434 male and female youth(ages 10–15 years)completed data collection with a trained Congolese *** survey instrument included measures of exposure to potentially traumatic events,an adapted coping strategies checklist,and measures of psychosocial distress and *** factor analyses was used to identify coping strategies and Hierarchical regression was used to assess how coping strategies were associated with psychological symptoms including internalizing and externalizing problems and well-being outcomes including prosocial behavior and ***:Exploratory Factor analysis suggested four coping strategies;problem-focused,emotion-focused,avoidance and faith-based ***-focused coping strategies were associated with greater internalizing and externalizing problems and lower prosocial behavior in both boys and ***,when problem-focused strategies were used with emotion-focused coping strategies,the result was fewer internalizing problems in girls and fewer externalizing problems in boys and ***-focused,avoidance and faith based strategies were associated with better ***:These results suggest a complex relationship between coping strategies,psychological symptoms and well-being and contradict evidence that problem-focused strategies benefit mental health while emotion-focused strategies harm mental health,particularly in conflict and post-conflict *** results suggest coping flexibility,or use of multiple coping strategies may be particularly useful to improving mental

关键词： Conflict Trauma Coping Mental health Resilience Well-being

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Regional Distribution of Soil Phosphorus Across Congregation-Grazing Zones of Forage-Based Pastures with Cow-Calf Operations in Florida

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2011年第4期2卷 408-417页

作者： gilbert C. Sigua robert O. Myer Samuel W. Coleman Cheryl Mackowiak Martin Adjei Chad C. Chase Joseph Albano North Florida Research and Educational Center University of Florida Marianna United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service Brooksville United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service Fort Pierce University of Florida Range Cattle Research and Education Center Ona

The arrangement of supplemental feed, water, shelter, and their concurrent interactions with topographic features may influence the distribution of animals and their simultaneous use of pasture’s resources. The effects of grazing and/or congregation management that control phosphorus cycling and distribution have not been sufficiently evaluated. The objectives of this study were: 1) to determine whether cattle congregation sites typical on most Florida ranches, repre-sented by water troughs and shaded areas, are more phosphorus-rich and may contribute more soluble phosphorus to surface water run-off and groundwater than other pasture locations;and 2) to assess the regional distribution of Mehlich-1 extractable soil phosphorus (MP) across congregation-grazing zones of forage-based pastures with cow-calf operations in Florida. Soil samples were collected at increasing distance from congregations structures (water troughs and shades) in established (>10 yr), grazed beef cattle pastures located in three Florida regions. Samples were col-lected in the fall and spring of 2005, 2006, and 2007, respectively;following a radial (every 90 degrees) sampling pat-terns away from the center of the congregation structures. Averaged across years, MP and soil phosphorus saturation in the congregation zones were comparable (p ≤ 0.05) with MP values and soil phosphorus saturation in the grazing zones at all three Florida regions. Average MP at all three pasture locations did not exceed the crop requirement threshold of 50 mg P kg–1 and the water quality protection threshold of 150 mg P kg–1, suggesting that congregation zones in beef cattle pastures at all three regions of Florida are not phosphorus-rich.

关键词： Beef Cattle Congregation Structures Congregation Zone Grazing Zone Total Phosphorus Phosphorus Saturation Nutrient Management

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