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Animated images in the analysis of zebrafish behavior

Current Zoology 2017年第1期63卷 35-44页

作者： robert gerlai Department of Psychology University of Toronto Mississauga 3359 Mississauga Road North Rm CCT4004Mississauga Ontario Canada LSL 1C6

This invited review is based upon a recent oral paper I presented at the Virtual Reality Symposiumof the 34th International Ethological Conference （2015, Cairns, Australia）, and as such it describesstudies conducted mainly in my own laboratory. It reviews how we utilized visual stimuli for induc-ing behavioral responses in the zebrafish with a focus on shoaling, group forming behavior. Thezebrafish is gaining increasing popularity in neuroscience. With this interest, its behavior is alsomore frequently studied. One of the many advantages of the zebrafish over traditional laboratoryrodents is that this species is diurnal, and it relies heavily upon its visual system. Thus, similarly toour own species, zebrafish respond to visual stimuli in a robust and easily quantifiable manner. Forthe past decade, we have been exploring how to use such visual stimuli, and have developed nu-merous paradigms with which we can induce and quantify a variety of behavioral responses,including shoaling. This review summarizes some of these studies, and discusses questions includ-ing whether one should use live fish as stimulus, whether and how one could present animated（moving images） of fish, and how one could optimize a range of stimulus presentation parametersto elicit the most robust responses in zebrafish. Although the zebrafish is a relative newcomer inethology and behavioral neuroscience, and although many of our findings only represent the firststeps in this research, our results suggest that the behavioral analysis of the zebrafish will have animportant place in biomedical research.

关键词： alcohol, animated images, high-throughput screening, learning and memory, schooling fish, shoaling, social behavior,zebra fish.

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Technical and conceptual considerations forusing animated stimuli in studies of animalbehavior

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Current Zoology 2017年第1期63卷 5-19页

作者： Laura CHOUINARD-THULY Stefanie GIERSZEWSKI Gil G. ROSENTHAL Simon M. READER Guillaume RIEUCAU Kevin L. Woo robert gerlai Cynthia TEDORE Spencer J. INGLEY John R. STOWERS Joachim G.FROMMENI Francine L. DOLINS Klaudia WITTE Department of Biologv McGill University 1205 Docteur Penfield Montreal Quebec Canada H3A 1B1 Research Group of Ecology and Behavioral Biology Institute of Biology University of Siegen Adolf-Reichwein Str. 2 Siegen 57068 Germany Ecology & Evolutionary Biology Texas A&M University 3258 TAMU College Station TX 77843 USA Centro de Investigaciones Cientfficas de las Huastecas "Aguazarca" Calnali Hidalgo Mexico Departmentof Biological Sciences Florida International University 3000 Northeast 151 Street North Miami FL 33181 USA SUNY Empire State College Metropolitan Center 325 Hudson Street New York NY 10013-1005 USA Departmentof Psychology University of Toronto Mississauga 3359 Mississauga Road Mississauga Ontario Canada L5L 1C6 Lund Vision Group Department of Biology Lund University SSIvegatan 35 Lund 22362 Sweden Department of Biology University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill CB#3280 Coker Hall Chapel Hill NC 27599 USA Research Institute of Molecular Pathology IMP Vienna Biocenter VBC Dr. Bohr-Gasse 7 Vienna 1030 Austria loopbiogmbh Hauptstrasse 93 Kritzendorf 3420 Austria Department of Behavioural Ecology Institute of Ecology and Evolution University of Bern Wohlenstrasse 50a Hinterkappelen 3032 Switzerland Department of Behavioral Sciences University of Michigan-Dearborn 4901 Evergreen Road Dearborn MI 48128 USA

Rapid technical advances in the field of computeropened new avenues in animal behavior *** （CA） and virtual reality （VR） haveAnimated stimuli are powerful tools as theyoffer standardization, repeatability, and complete control over the stimulus presented, thereby＂reducing＂ and ＂replacing＂ the animals used, and ＂refining＂ the experimental design in line withthe 3Rs. However, appropriate use of these technologies raises conceptual and technical *** this review, we offer guidelines for common technical and conceptual considerations related tothe use of animated stimuli in animal behavior research. Following the steps required to create ananimated stimulus, we discuss （I） the creation, （11） the presentation, and （111） the validation of CAsand VRs. Although our review is geared toward computer-graphically designed stimuli, consider-ations on presentation and validation also apply to video playbacks. CA and VR allow both new be-havioral questions to be addressed and existing questions to be addressed in new ways, thus weexpect a rich future for these methods in both ultimate and proximate studies of animal behavior.

关键词： animal behavior, animated stimulus, computer animation, experimental design, virtual reality, visual communication.

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