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Biocompatibility pathways and mechanisms for bioactive materials:The bioactivity zone

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Bioactive Materials 2022年第4期7卷 306-322页

作者： David f.williams Wake forest Institute of Regenerative Medicine 391 Technology Way.Winston-SalemNorth Carolina27101USA

This essay analyzes the scientific evidence that forms the basis of bioactive materials,covering the fundamental understanding of bioactivity phenomena and correlation with the mechanisms of biocompatibility of *** is a detailed assessment of performance in areas such as bone-induction,cell adhesion,immunomodulation,thrombogenicity and antimicrobial *** is the modulation of biological activity by characteristics of the interfacial region that incorporates the material surface and the immediate local host *** the term‘bioactive material’is widely used and has a well understood general meaning,it would be useful now to concentrate on this interfacial region,considered as‘the bioactivity zone’.Bioactivity phenomena are either due to topographical/micromechanical characteristics,or to biologically active species that are presented in the bioactivity *** of topographical/micromechanical effects are the modulation of the osteoblast-osteoclast balance,nanotopographical regulation of cell adhesion,and bactericidal *** of bioactivity by biologically active species include their influence,especially of metal ions,on signaling pathways in bone formation,the role of cell adhesion molecules and bioactive peptides in cell attachment,macrophage polarization by immunoregulatory molecules and antimicrobial *** much experimental data exists to demonstrate the potential of such phenomena,there are considerable barriers to their effective clinical *** essay shows that there is solid scientific evidence of the existence of bioactivity mechanisms that are associated with some types of biomaterials,especially when the material is modified in a manner designed to specifically induce that activity.

关键词： Bioactivity Host response Biomaterial Medical technology Cell signaling

ORIGIN Of CARBONATE MATERIALS IN THE NORTHERN BASIN Of LAKE BAIKAL AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO HOLOCENE PALEOCLIMATE

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 1993年第1期11卷 57-69页

作者：邱林青 f.williams Dept of Geological Sciences University of South Carolina Columbia SC 29208 U.S.A

fine-grained disseminated carbonate was found in Holocene sediments in a core taken from the northern basin of Lake Baikal. The core had two distinct facies. a terrigenous blue-clay overlain by a diatomaceous silt. Oxygen and carbon stable isotope analyses, combined with SEM , X-ray diffraction and .palynology, show that the carbonate in the blue-clay layer is pedogenic in origin, rather than biogenic or authigenic . The S C values in the blue clay suggest that the carbonate is derived from a single source , while the carbonate in the diatom-rich layer might be transported by winds from different sources. On the assumption that the carbonate was formed during the post-glacial age and was transported primarily by river runoff, the 18O isotopic values suggest that the annual temperature in the northern Baikal drainage area was about 3℃ warmer during the middle Holocene (8500-7000 a, B. P.) than during the early Holocene (11 000-8 500a, B.P.) when the blue clay was being deposited . This interpretation

关键词： Lake Baikal carbonate oxygen isotopes carbon isotopes paleoclimate

Multi-Scale Dilated Convolution Network for SPECT-MPI Cardiovascular Disease Classification with Adaptive Denoising and Attenuation Correction

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2025年第1期142卷 299-327页

作者： A.robert Singh Suganya Athisayamani Gyanendra Prasad Joshi Bhanu Shrestha Department of Computational Intelligence SRM Institute of Science and TechnologyKattankulathur603203Tamil NaduIndia School of Computing Sastra Deemed to be UniversityThanjavur613401Tamil NaduIndia Department of Artificial Intelligence&Software Kangwon National UniversitySamcheok25913Republic of Korea Department of Information Convergence System Graduate School of Smart ConvergenceKwangwoon UniversitySeoul01897Republic of Korea

Myocardial perfusion imaging(MPI),which uses single-photon emission computed tomography(SPECT),is a well-known estimating tool for medical diagnosis,employing the classification of images to show situations in coronary artery disease(CAD).The automatic classification of SPECT images for different techniques has achieved near-optimal accuracy when using convolutional neural networks(CNNs).This paper uses a SPECT classification framework with three steps:1)Image denoising,2)Attenuation correction,and 3)Image *** denoising is done by a U-Net architecture that ensures effective image *** correction is implemented by a convolution neural network model that can remove the attenuation that affects the feature extraction process of ***,a novel multi-scale diluted convolution(MSDC)network is *** merges the features extracted in different scales and makes the model learn the features more *** scales of filters with size 3×3 are used to extract *** three steps are compared with state-of-the-art *** proposed denoising architecture ensures a high-quality image with the highest peak signal-to-noise ratio(PSNR)value of *** proposed classification method is compared with the five different CNN models,and the proposed method ensures better classification with an accuracy of 96%,precision of 87%,sensitivity of 87%,specificity of 89%,and f1-score of 87%.To demonstrate the importance of preprocessing,the classification model was analyzed without denoising and attenuation correction.

关键词： SPECT-MPI CAD MSDC denoising attenuation correction classification

Hubble telescope 30 years in orbit:personal reflections

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2020年第4期20卷 1-6页

作者： robert williams Space Telescope Science Institute&University of California/Santa Cruz CA 95064USA

With an initial requirement to make observations a minimum of 5–10 years,Hubble Space Telescope(HST)has continued to operate well for 30 *** has relied upon five servicing missions to repair and replace essential *** the final Space Shuttle mission 10 years ago,it has avoided major breaks in its operation,with the only serious effects of aging in space being a progressive deterioration in the performance of the gyroscopes and sensitivity of the instrument detectors.A number of factors were important in making HST a scientific ***-breaking discoveries have been made with HST-the most important being the discovery of cosmic *** HST operation ceases,future observations in space should be assured with successful operation of major missions now planned by NASA,ESA,and the Chinese and Japanese Space Agencies.

关键词： HST cosmic acceleration Hubble constant supernovae

Intracellular oxygen:Similar results from two methods of measurement using phosphorescent nanoparticles

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2014年第2期7卷 46-59页

作者： David Lloyd Catrin f.williams K.Vijayalakshmi M.Kombrabail Nick White Anthony J.Hayes Miguel A.Aon G.Krishnamoorthy Biosciences and School of Optometry and Vision Sciences Cardif University Cathays Park and Maindy RoadCardifWalesUK Department of Chemical Sciences Tata Institute of Fundamental Research Homi Bhabha RoadMumbai 400005India The Johns Hopkins University Institute of Molecular Cardiobiology720 Rutland Au.1059 Ross BldgBatimore MDUSA

The ability to resolve the spatio-temporal complexity of intracelular O_(2) distribution is the“HolyGrail” of cellular *** an effort to obtain a minimally invasive approach to the mappingof intracllar O,tensions,two methods of phosphorescent lifetime imaging microscopy werecompared in the current study and gave similar *** were two-photon confocal laserscanning microscopy with pinhole shifting,and picosecond time-resolved epi-phosphorescencemicroscopy using a single 0.5μm focused *** methods utilized Ru coordination complexembedded nanopartidles(45 nm diameter)as the phosphorescent probe,excited using pulsedoutputs of a titanium sapphire Tsunami lasers(710-1050 nm).

关键词： Time-resolved phosphorescence intracellular O2 two-photon excitation pinholeshifting.

A review of recent development in the study of high-strain zones with emphasis on the importance of differentiating ductile slickenside striations from stretching lineations

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A review of recent development in the study of high-strain z...

Glycolysis and glucose metabolism as a target for bioenergetic and neuronal protection in glaucoma

构造地质学新理论与新方法学术研讨会

作者： Paul f.williams Department of Geology University of New Brunswick FrederictonNBCanada E3B 5A3

Rocks in high-strain zones are generally foliated and/or lineated, and foliation and lineation data have played a very significant role in kinematic interpretation of these *** principal types of foliations and two corresponding types of lineations are commonly developed in high-strain zones. The foliations are generally called S-and C-surfaces. S-surfaces are close to the local λ1λ2 principal strain plane (where λ1>λ2>λ3 are three principal strain axes) and, the stretching lineation within them (Ls) is approximately parallel to the λ1 direction of

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第8期19卷 1637-1638页

作者： Pete A.williams robert J.Casson Department of Clinical Neuroscience Division of Eye and VisionSt.Erik Eye HospitalKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden Ophthalmic Research Laboratories Discipline of Ophthalmology and Visual SciencesUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideAustralia

Vision is arguably our most valued sense,yet approximately 340 million people globally suffer blindness or moderate visual impairment,highlighting the need to further develop and advance treatments for ophthalmic *** refers to a group of ocular disorders united by a clinically characteristic optic neuropathy with associated retinal ganglion cell loss.

关键词： metabolism glaucoma globally

A Couple Nagging Interpretive Difficulties in Zhuangzi Studies vis-à-vis William James on the Ethics and Psychology of Belief

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frontiers of Philosophy in China 2019年第4期14卷 593-611页

作者： John robert williams Department of Philosophy National University of SingaporeSingapore 117570Singapore

The present article addresses two lingering questions in the interpretation of the Zhuangzi莊子—(a)How can one reconcile the scepticism of the Zhuangzi with its positive project(s)?and(b)Who can become a sagely person?The questions are addressed with reference to aspects of William James’accounts of the ethics and psychology of belief.

关键词： Zhuangzi William James scepticism ethics of belief psychology of belief sagely person

Outcompeted by an invader?Interference and exploitative competition between tropical house gecko(Hemidactylus mabouia)and Barbados leaf-toed gecko(Phyllodactylus pulcher)for diurnal refuges in anthropogenic coastal habitats

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Integrative Zoology 2016年第3期11卷 229-238页

作者： robert williams Angelo P.PERNETTA Julia A.HORROCKS Ecology and Conservation Research Group School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular SciencesUniversity of BrightonBrightonUK Ecology and Conservation Research Group University of BrightonHastingsUK Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences University of the West IndiesBarbadosWest Indies

House geckos in the genus Hemidactylus are highly successful colonizers of regions beyond their native range,with colonization often resulting in displacement of native gecko species through competitive interactions for daytime refuge(crevices)and prey *** report on data collected from nighttime surveys undertaken in April-May 2014 on Barbados,West Indies,that focused on the distribution and abundance of the endemic Barbados leaf-toed gecko(Phyllodactylus pulcher)and the introduced tropical house gecko(Hemidactylus mabouia)along unlit coastal walls and among boulders in the grounds of a hotel *** contrast to patterns of displacement of native species by *** seen elsewhere,*** was more abundant than *** on coastal walls,whereas the latter was found in greater numbers using boulders at this *** and boulders differed with regard to availability of diurnal refugia suitable for geckos,with the walls having high frequency of small crevices with openingsffering very little cover other than the underside of the boulder *** investigate whether this niche separation was a result of differences in diurnal refuge use between the species,we conducted experimental trials in which geckos were allowed to select between refugia with different *** species selected for narrower and warmer refugia,and refugia that had been previously occupied by the other *** shared preferences for refugia type suggest that other factors underlie the niche separation observed in the *** supporting high densities of ***,coastal walls could offer important secondary habitat by augmenting the natural cliff side habitat of this endemic gecko,a finding that could be exploited for the conservation of this candidate species for Critically Endangered classification.

关键词： Barbados leaf-toed gecko Hemidactylus island endemic Phyllodactylus tropical house gecko