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Laparoscopic liver resection for hepatocellular adenoma

World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2011年第7期3卷 101-105页

作者： Mohammed Abu Hilal Francesco Di Fabio robert david wiltshire Mohammed Hamdan david M Layfield Neil William Pearce Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgical Unit Southampton University Hospitals NHS TrustTremona RoadSouthampton SO16 6YDUnited Kingdom

AIM:To investigate the role of laparoscopy in the surgical management of hepatocellular adenoma(HA). METHODS:We reviewed a prospectively collected database of consecutive patients undergoing laparoscopic liver resection for HA. RESULTS:Thirteen patients underwent fifteen pure laparoscopic liver resections for HA(male/female:3/10; median age 42 years,range 22-72 years).Two patients with liver adenomatosis required two different laparoscopic operations for ruptured *** for surgery were:symptoms in 12 cases,need to rule out malignancy in 2 cases and preoperative diagnosis of large HA in one *** were related to bleeding in 10 cases,sepsis due to liver abscess following embolization of HA in one case and mass effect in one case(shoulder tip pain).Five cases with ruptured bleeding adenoma required emergency admis-sion and treatment with selective arterial embolization. Laparoscopic liver resection was then semi-electively *** patients(62%)required major hepatectomy[right hepatectomy(n=5),left hepatectomy (n=3)].No conversion to open surgery *** median operative time for pure laparoscopic procedures was 270 min(range 135-360 min).The median size of the excised lesions was 85 mm(range 25-180 mm). One patient with adenomatosis developed postoperative bleeding requiring *** was nil. The median hospital stay was 4 d(range 1-18 d)with a median high dependency unit stay of 1 d(range 0-7 d). CONCLUSION:The laparoscopic approach represents a safe option for the management of HA in a semi-elective setting and when major hepatectomy is required.

关键词： Laparoscopy Minimally-invasive surgery Hepatocellular adenoma Major hepatectomy Outcome

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Development of a multiple level underground limestone mine from geology through mine planning

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2020年第1期30卷 63-67页

作者： Christopher Newman david Newman robert Dupuy Appalachian Mining&Engineering Inc.LexingtonKYUSA Rogers Group Inc.NashvilleTNUSA

The development of a multiple level underground mine is a complex task in which geology,engineering,ground control,and unit operations are integrated into a single mine *** components are interdependent and must function cohesively to ensure a profitable underground mining *** optimize reserve recovery,mine planning should begin from the lowest level and progress *** limits any misjudgments or oversights of a given level affecting the underlying levels and ensures the ability to maximize recovery from each *** planning should start with the exploration and characterization of the geologic *** the reserve geology and quality is well understood,then mine planning can begin with respect to the following:(1)orientation of mine works with respect to horizontal stress;(2)access to the reserve;(3)determination of opening widths;(4)selection of back,floor horizons and pillar centers;(5)selection of development and secondary mining heights;(6)appropriate inter-burden thicknesses;and(7)examining the stability of the multiple level mine through numerical *** multiple level mine design process and decisions are presented through a case history *** theme is that there is one opportunity to"get it right"and many chances to overlook a small aspect within the design that will plague the mine throughout all levels and through the entirety of its operating life.

关键词： Limestone Mine planning Geology Multiple level Rock mechanics

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Surgical perspectives in peptic ulcer disease and gastritis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第20期12卷 3248-3252页

作者： Tamar Lipof david Shapiro robert A Kozol Department of Surgery University of Connecticut School of Medicine 263 Farmington AvenueMC 3955 FarmingtonCT 06030-3955United States

For much of the twentieth century, surgery was frequently the solution for peptic ulcer disease. Our understanding of the pathophysiology of ulcers paralleled the development of potent pharmaceutical therapy. As the surgical world developed parietal cell vagotomy which would minimize the complications of surgery, patients failing medical therapy became rare. Emergent surgery for complicated peptic ulcers has not declined however. The development of proton pump inhibitors and the full understanding of the impact of H pylori has led to a trend towards minimalism in surgical therapy for complicated peptic ulcer disease. In addition to the changes in patient care, these developments have had an impact on the training of surgeons. This article outlines these trends and developments.

关键词： Perspectives Peptic ulcer disease Gastritis

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Optimal control and energy storage for DC electric train systems using evolutionary algorithms

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Railway Engineering Science 2021年第4期29卷 327-335页

作者： Sam Nallaperuma david Fletcher robert Harrison University of Cambridge CambridgeUK University of Sheffield SheffieldUK

Electrified railways are becoming a popular transport medium and these consume a large amount of electrical *** concerns demand reduction in energy use and peak power demand of railway ***,high transmission losses in DC railway systems make local storage of energy an increasingly attractive *** optimisation framework based on genetic algorithms is developed to optimise a DC electric rail network in terms of a comprehensive set of decision variables including storage size,charge/discharge power limits,timetable and train driving style/trajectory to maximise benefits of energy storage in reducing railway peak power and energy *** results for the considered real-world networks show a reduction of energy consumption in the range 15%–30%depending on the train driving style,and reduced power peaks.

关键词： Autonomous control Intelligent transport systems Energy optimisation DC railway systems Energy regeneration

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Discharge-Stage Relationship on Urban Streams Evaluated at USGS Gauging Stations,***,Missouri

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Journal of Earth Science 2020年第6期31卷 1133-1141页

作者： robert E.Criss david L.Nelson Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences Washington UniversitySt.Louis MO 63130USA Columbia Cir Pasadena CA 91105USA

Extensive USGS data tables and detailed,1 m2 Li DAR surveys are used to determine the optimal power n that relates discharge(Q)to stage(h*)above channel bottom(ho)at 39 gauging stations on small streams in the ***,Missouri area,all of which have catchments of 0.6 to 220 *** different methodologies are employed to determine both n and ho:(1)optimizing linearity in a plot of Q1/n *** stage(hL)using USGS field measurements at each site;(2)optimizing linearity in a plot of Q1/n *** using USGS rating tables at each site;(3)a mathematical inverse method applied to the same USGS rating tables;(4)use of Li DAR data on channel geometry to determine the power dependences of channel area A and hydraulic radius H on h*,combined with the Manning and rational equations to predict *** these methods,only methods 2 and 3 compare favorably,and these values compare poorly with Method 1 based on field data,and with method 4 based on theoretical and empirical *** Method 4 is predictive,it provides a useful alternative to methods 1–3 that are based on USGS field measurements,which are heavily weighted toward low *** conclude that the apparent values of n in the USGS rating tables are systematically too low for small streams.

关键词： stream gauging Li DAR topography urban flooding discharge hydrology

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Skeletal phenotypes in secreted frizzled-related protein 4 gene knockout mice mimic skeletal architectural abnormalities in subjects with Pyle's disease from SFRP4 mutations

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Bone Research 2023年第1期11卷 193-200页

作者： robert Brommage Jeff Liu david R.Powell Department of Metabolism Research Lexicon PharmaceuticalsThe WoodlandsTX77381USA

Mutations in SFRP4 cause Pyle’s bone disease with wide metaphyses and increased skeletal *** WNT signaling pathway plays important roles in determining skeletal architecture and SFRP4 is a secreted Frizzled decoy receptor that inhibits WNT *** cohorts of male and female Sfrp4 gene knockout mice,examined through 2 years of age,had a normal lifespan but showed cortical and trabecular bone *** human Erlenmeyer flask deformities,bone cross-sectional areas were elevated 2-fold in the distal femur and proximal tibia but only 30%in femur and tibia *** cortical bone thickness was observed in the vertebral body,midshaft femur and distal *** trabecular bone mass and numbers were observed in the vertebral body,distal femur metaphysis and proximal tibia *** femurs retained extensive trabecular bone through 2 years of *** bodies had increased compressive strength,but femur shafts had reduced bending ***,but not cortical,bone parameters in heterozygous Sfrp4mice were modestly *** resulted in similar declines in both cortical and trabecular bone mass in wild-type and Sfrp4 KO ***4 is critical for metaphyseal bone modeling involved in determining bone ***4 KO mice show similar skeletal architecture and bone fragility deficits observed in patients with Pyle’s disease with SFRP4 mutations.

关键词： SFRP4 skeletal elevated

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Rapid micro-immunohistochemistry

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2020年第1期6卷 285-294页

作者： robert D.Lovchik david Taylor Govind Kaigala IBM Research Europe Saeumerstrasse 48803 RueschlikonSwitzerland Present address:Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule Zurich Department of Mechanical and Process EngineeringSonneggstrasse 38092 ZurichSwitzerland

We present a new and versatile implementation of rapid and localized immunohistochemical staining of tissue ***(IHC)comprises a sequence of specific biochemical reactions and allows the detection of specific proteins in tissue *** the rapid implementation of IHC,we fabricated horizontally oriented microfluidic probes(MFPs)with functionally designed apertures to enable square and circular footprints,which we employ to locally expose a tissue to time-optimized sequences of different *** show that the two main incubation steps of IHC protocols can be performed on MDAMB468-1510A cell block sections in less than 30 min,compared to incubation times of an hour or more in standard *** analysis on the timescale of tens of minutes could potentially be applied during surgery,enabling clinicians to react in more dynamically and ***,this rapid IHC implementation along with conservative tissue usage has strong potential for the implementation of multiplexed assays,allowing the exploration of optimal assay conditions with a small amount of tissue to ensure high-quality staining results for the remainder of the sample.

关键词： versatile steps sections

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Mapping of decentralised photovoltaic and solar thermal systems by remote sensing aerial imagery and deep machine learning for statistic generation

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Energy and AI 2023年第4期14卷 559-577页

作者： Johan Lindahl robert Johansson david Lingfors Becquerel Sweden AB SE-74142 KnivstaSweden Department of Engineering Sciences Uppsala UniversitySE-75121 UppsalaSweden

As a mean to monitor the rapid expansion of the highly decentralized PV market,identifying solar energy systems in aerial imagery by deep machine learning,is a research field that is getting increasing *** general challenge in the field is to create testing data of high quality that are representative of the end-use *** this study we use the open source convolutional neural network developed within the DeepSolar project and apply it in the country of Sweden,for the purpose of generating market statistics,by scanning three complete municipalities for small decentralized photovoltaic and solar thermal *** evaluation of the performance is done against a highly accurate ground truth,which was created by cross-checking the classification results with the inventory of the local distribution system operators and the database of photovoltaic systems that have received a capital subsidy in Sweden,and combining that with physical onsite inspections.A process of generate additional training data and re-training the algorithm after each municipality scan was developed,which suc-cessively improved the accuracy,resulting in that 95%of all detectable photovoltaic,excluding building inte-grated and vertical systems,and 80%of all detectable solar thermal systems were correctly identified in the last municipality *** accurate ground truth allowed a quantification of why some systems are not *** generated dataset of solar energy systems could be connected to existing building and property inventories,which allowed creation of market segment statistics with remarkably high detail information.

关键词： Photovoltaics Solar thermal Aerial imagery Remote sensing Object recognition Convolutional neural networks

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Effect of Microalloying,Principally With Vanadium,Processing Conditions and Microstructure on Resistance to CO_2 Corrosion

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2011年第S1期18卷 183-191页

作者： Edmonds david Cochrane robert Grau Rosa Institute for Materials Research University of LeedsLeedsLS2 9JTUK Mikalor BarcelonaSpain

One driver for steel development over recent decades has been the engineering requirements of improved strength and toughness,combined with weldability,for the safe and cost effective recovery and transmission of oil and *** has been achieved through refinement of grain size by microalloy precipitation and thermomechanical ***,little attention has been paid to these significant changes in steel chemistry and processing on corrosion resistance,despite the dominance of economic carbon steel for construction in the oil and gas *** more common forms of corrosion are associated with the presence of H 2 S or CO *** 2 in aqueous solution forms a weak acid sufficient to promote significant localized corrosion in transmission gas/oil pipelines and in well-head applications (’down-hole’).Systematic study has identified the influence of a wide range of alloying elements and different processing conditions on the resistance of low-carbon steels to CO 2 corrosion;strong carbide-forming microalloying elements such as Ti,Nb and V,along with Cr additions,and different levels of Mn,Si,Cu,Mo and Ni,have been explored,along with treatments simulating different processing *** present study also emphasizes the role of V and Ti microalloying in improving the resistance of Cr-containing carbon steel to corrosion in carbonic acid and how this is influenced by microstructure and the metallurgical condition of the microalloying addition,in particular,the extent of *** is noted that some commercially available corrosion inhibitors contain V as a vanadate compound to interfere with the corrosion process and so it is suggested that V microalloying may also be beneficial if present in an appropriate form in the *** Ti also seems to play a role in corrosion in the steels studied is judged to be compatible with the thermodynamics of transition metal anions in the Ti-V-Cr group.

关键词： microalloying vanadium processing corrosion carbonic acid

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The characteristics, origins, and geodynamic settings of supergiant gold metallogenic provinces

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Science China Earth Sciences 2000年第S1期43卷 1-68页

作者： robert Kerrich Richard Goldfarb david Groves Steven Garwin Department of Geological Sciences University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon SK S7N 5E2 Canada United States Geological Survey Box 25046 MS 964 Denver Federal Center Denver CO 80225-0046 USA Centre for Strategic Mineral Resources Department of Geology and Geophysics University of Western Australia Nedlands 6907 Western Australia Newmont Mining Corporation 1700 Lincoln Street Denver Colorado 80203 USA Correspondence should be addressed to Kerrich

There are six distinct classes of gold deposits, each represented by metallogenic provinces, having 100's to > 1 000 tonne gold production. The deposit classes are: (1) erogenic gold; (2) Carlin and Carlin-like gold deposits; (3) epithermal gold-silver deposits; (4) copper-gold porphyry deposits; (5) iron-oxide copper-gold deposits; and (6) gold-rich volcanic hosted massive sul-fide (VMS) to sedimentary exhalative (SEDEX) deposits. This classification is based on ore and alteration mineral assemblages; ore and alteration metal budgets; ore fluid pressure(s) and compositions; crustal depth or depth ranges of formation; relationship to structures and/or magmatic intrusions at a variety of scales; and relationship to the P-T-t evolution of the host terrane. These classes reflect distinct geodynamic settings. Orogenic gold deposits are generated at mid-crustal (4-16 km) levels proximal to terrane boundaries, in transpressional subduction-accretion complexes of Cordilleran style erogenic belts; other orogenic gold provinces form inboard by delamina-tion of mantle lithosphere, or plume impingement. Carlin and Carlin-like gold deposits develop at shallow crustal levels (< 4 km) in extensional convergent margin continental arcs or back arcs; some provinces may involve asthenosphere plume impingement on the base of the lithosphere. Epithermal gold and copper-gold porphyry deposits are sited at shallow crustal levels in continental margin or intraoceanic arcs. Iron oxide copper-gold deposits form at mid to shallow crustal levels; they are associated with extensional intracratonic anorogenic magmatism. Proterozoic examples are sited at the transition from thick refractory Archean mantle lithosphere to thinner Proterozoic mantle lithosphere. Gold-rich VMS deposits are hydrothermal accumulations on or near the sea-floor in continental or intraoceanic back arcs.The compressional tectonics of orogenic gold deposits is generated by terrane accretion; high heat flow stems

关键词： gold deposit orogenic gold deposit geodynamics tectonic setting supercontinent.

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