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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2019年第3期7卷 468-474页

作者： robert Kennedy smith U.S. department of Energy Office of Fossil Energy

Several factors have led to the decline of electricity generation from coal over the past decade, and projections forecast high rates of growth for wind and solar technologies in coming years. This analysis uses hourly generation data from large coal-fired power stations to determine how operations have been modified in recent years and describes the implications of these changes for plant equipment and unit reliability. The data shows increasing variability in intraday generation output that affects nearly all of the units in the sample, but the magnitude of increase varies widely among plants. Outage patterns were examined as was the relationship between renewable energy growth in a region and the changes in coal plant operations. Aggregate direct and indirect costs associated with running coal plants as load-following units have not yet been quantified in large-scale studies on a sector-wide basis, largely due to differences in how specific equipment responds to output fluctuations. due to findings from the hourly generation data analysis and the high degree of potential impact on coal plant equipment, the study suggests the development of a new modeling tool that will represent the costs of running coal-fired power plants at lower capacity factors.

关键词： Coal generation Emission intensity Baseload power Capacity factor

Role of granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor in regeneration of the central nervous system

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Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第6期11卷 902-903页

作者： Ushananthini Shanmugalingam Nafisa M.Jadavji Patrice d.smith department of Neuroscience Carleton University

Traditionally,it has been thought that the mammalian central nervous system（CNS）does not *** due to the inhibitory extracellular environment post-injury as well as the limited intrinsic characteristics of adult post... 详细信息

关键词： granulocyte macrophage colony regeneration stimulating intrinsic Figure neuronal subunit glial

高强耐蚀Ni-Co-Cr高温合金的组织稳定性

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金属学报 2002年第5期38卷 490-494页

作者：刘仲青董建新张麦仓赵双群谢锡善 Gaylord d.smith 北京科技大学材料科学与工程学院北京100083 Special

利用SEM,TEM及X射线衍射分析技术观察了高强耐蚀Ni-Co-Cr高温合金不同温度(704,750,849℃)长期时效1000 h及700℃长期时效至5008 h过程中的组织演变过程,结果表明,700℃即使长期时效5008 h,γ'相粗化缓慢, 而且没有发现TCP相(如σ相)的... 详细信息

利用SEM,TEM及X射线衍射分析技术观察了高强耐蚀Ni-Co-Cr高温合金不同温度(704,750,849℃)长期时效1000 h及700℃长期时效至5008 h过程中的组织演变过程,结果表明,700℃即使长期时效5008 h,γ'相粗化缓慢, 而且没有发现TCP相(如σ相)的析出,当温度升高到750℃,γ'相迅速长大,晶界上碳化物析出增多,并析出片状的η相,导致合金冲击性能下降,温度达到849℃时,析出大量的η相,甚至形成魏氏组织形貌,由此可见,该合金在700℃时具有较好的组织稳定性。

关键词：耐蚀高温合金组织稳定性 Ni基高温合金析出相镍基

Extracellular matrix synthesis in vascular disease:hypertension,and atherosclerosis

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The Journal of Biomedical Research 2014年第1期28卷 25-39页

作者： Markella Ponticos Barbara d.smith Centre for Rheumatology & Connective Tissue diseases Division of Medicine-InflammationRoyal Free & University College Medical SchoolUniversity College London department of Biochemistry Boston University School of Medicine

Extracellular matrix （ECM） within the vascular network provides both a structural and regulatory role. The ECM is a dynamic composite of multiple proteins that form structures connecting cells within the network. Blood vessels are distended by blood pressure and, therefore, require ECM components with elasticity yet with enough tensile strength to resist rupture. The ECM is involved in conducting mechanical signals to cells. Most importantly, ECM regulates cellular function through chemical signaling by controlling activation and bioavail- ability of the growth factors. Cells respond to ECM by remodeling their microenvironment which becomes dys- regulated in vascular diseases such hypertension, restenosis and atherosclerosis. This review examines the cellu- lar and ECM components of vessels, with specific emphasis on the regulation of collagen type I and implications in vascular disease.

关键词： extracellular matrix vascular disease

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碳-60新材料及其纳米结构特点

科学通报 1992年第9期37卷 850-852页

作者：温树林刘冉 d.smith 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所上海200050 美国伊里诺大学材料研究实验室美国亚利桑那州立大学固体科学中心

不少科学家最近将他们的注意力转向碳-60。这一方面是由于碳-60在结构上意义极不寻常,它是金刚石和石墨以外的第三种碳的结晶形式;

关键词：碳-60 纳米结构晶体

Renal functional outcomes are not adversely affected by selective angioembolization following percutaneous nephrolithotomy

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Asian Journal of Urology 2017年第1期4卷 27-30页

作者： Ricardo Palmerola Vinay Patel Christopher Hartman Chris Sung david Hoenig Arthur d.smith Zeph Okeke smith Institute for Urology Northwell HealthNew Hyde ParkNYUSA Interventional Radiology Northwell HealthNew Hyde ParkNYUSA

Objective:Selective angioembolization(SAE)effectively diagnoses and treats iatrogenic vascular complications following percutaneous nephrolithotomy(PCNL).Methods:We retrospectively reviewed 1329 consecutive PCNLs and identified patients who underwent SAE following PCNL with at least 12-month *** glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)was calculated for all patients preoperatively,postoperatively and at last followup.A 1:2 matched cohort analysis was ***:Twenty-three patients underwent SAE and matched to 46 *** was no statistically significant difference in preoperative,postoperative,and follow-up eGFR when comparing patients who underwent SAE and those with an uneventful ***:Long-term eGFR is comparable in patients who undergo uncomplicated PCNL and those requiring SAE.

关键词： Selective angioembolization Percutaneous nephrolithotomy Urologic complications Contrast induced nephropathy Postoperative hemorrhage

Evolving carbon dioxide emission rate intensities of coal-fired power plant on U.S. electricity operating systems

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2018年第6期6卷 1103-1112页

作者： robert Kennedy smith U.S. department of Energy Office of Fossil Energy

For many years, coal-fired power plant generation comprised the largest share of electricity in the *** sector. While natural gas plants now constitute a greater portion of the total, coal is projected to remain a shrinking but significant component of U.S. electricity production. Natural gas-fired technologies are dispatchable and versatile generation sources, but the recent and anticipated growth of wind and solar technologies will add nondispatchable, intermittent power generation sources to *** grids. Numerous emissions-related benefits arise from the deployment of these technologies, but they must coexist with coal plants, many of which run most efficiently under baseload operating procedures. Historical monthly emissions data has been analyzed on a sample of coal plants to show how modified coal operations have affected plant emission rates, as measured by carbon dioxide emitted per unit of electricity output. Statistically significant correlations between plant capacity factors and emission rate intensity have been observed by the majority of the sample, showing a worsening under more sporadic operations. Since nearly all of the coal plants in the sample are generating less electricity, determining the emission impact of operational decisions will assist policymakers as they seek to minimize total system emissions without severe disruptions to electricity cost and service reliability.

关键词： Coal Emission intensity Renewable generation Baseload power generation

Behavior of ZrO_2-C Refractories in Thin-strip Casting of Steel

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China's Refractories 2015年第1期24卷 1-6页

作者： Abhishek KUMAR Vivek THAPLIYAL Jeffrey d.smith Materials Science and Engineering department Missouri University of Science & Technology

Zirconia graphite refractory is used as a core-nozzle in the thin-strip casting of steel. Post-mortem analysis of used refractory was performed in an effort to establish the failure mechanism. Corrosion behavior was studied against molten steel with Mn O- SiO 2based liquid inclusions. Corrosion of these materials involves dissolution and oxidation of graphite in the matrix followed by penetration of liquid slag leading to degradation of ZrO 2particles. Thermodynamic equilibrium calculations were performed to study this corrosion mechanism.

关键词： zirconia-graphite corrosion dissolution thermodynamic-modeling

The pleiotropic effects of tissue plasminogen activator in the brain:implications for stroke recovery

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Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第9期11卷 1401-1402页

作者： Julia A.Grummisch Nafisa M.Jadavji Patrice d.smith department of Neuroscience Carleton University

Tissue plasminogen activator （tPA） use in the treatment of isch- emic stroke： tPA is a serine protease that catalyzes the breakdown of blood dots. Because of its thrombolytic properties, tPA is used to treat specific types of stroke, including ischemia, but is contra- indicated for treatment of hemorrhagic stroke or head trauma. Although a life saving and powerful ＇dot buster＇, tPA has a short therapeutic window. When administered outside of this prescribed timeframe, research suggests that tPA can produce neurotoxic ef- fects in the brain, due in part to activation of several signalling pro- cesses associated with cell apoptosis, degradation of the extracel- lular matrix, and increase in the permeability of the neurovascular unit （Yepes et al., 2009）. Concerted research has been dedicated to- ward understanding the mechanisms mediating the impact of tPA on the brain, using both in vivo and in vitro animal models.

关键词： The pleiotropic effects of tissue plasminogen activator in the brain PA

demand response:a strategy to address residential air-conditioning peak load in Australia

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2013年第3期1卷 223-230页

作者： robert smith Ke MENG Zhaoyang dONG robert SIMPSON Ausgrid SydneyNSW 2000Australia enter for Intelligent Electricity Networks(CIEN) The University of NewcastleNewcastleNSWAustralia

Rapid growth in electricity network peak demand is increasing pressure for new investment which may be used for only a few hours a *** airconditioning is widely believed to be the prime cause of the rise in peak demand but,in the absence of detailed residential demand research,there is no bottom-up empirical evidence to support this supposition or to estimate its *** paper first examines the developments in network peak demand,at a national,network distribution,and local distribution feeder level to show recent trends in peak ***,this paper applies analytics to the half-hourly consumption data of a sample of Ausgrid’s interval metered customers,combined with local weather data,to develop an algorithm which can recognize air-conditioner use and can identify consumption patterns and peak *** estimate is then compared to system peaks to determine residential airconditioning’s impact on overall ***,this paper considers the future impacts of air-conditioning load on peak demand as penetration rates reaches saturation levels and new minimum energy performance standards take effect reducing new units peak impacts.

关键词： Air conditioner demand response Peak load