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Natural parasites in conjunction with behavioral and.color traits explain male agonistic behaviors in a lizard

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Current Zoology 2024年第1期70卷 59-69页

作者： Rod.igo Megia-Palma d.anashree Paranjpe robert d.Cooper Pauline Blaimont Barry Sinervo d.partment of Biomed.cine and.Biotechnology Parasitology UnitUniversidad de Alcala(UAH)E-28805Alcala de HenaresSpain CIBio Centro de Investigagao em Biodiversidade e Recursos GeneticosInBIO Laboratorio AssociadoCampus de VairaoUniversidade do PortoP-4485-661 VairaoPortugal BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics Biodiversity and Land PlanningCIBIOCampus de VairaoP-4485-661 VairaoPortugal Rupa Rahul Bajaj Center for Environment and.Art Empress Botanical GardensKavade MalaPuneIndia d.partment of Ecology and.Evolutionary Biology University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA d.partment of Biology University of Houston Downtown1Main St.HoustonTX 77002USA d.partment of Ecology and.Evolutionary Biology University of CaliforniaSanta CruzCA 95064USA

Male competition conforms to a cost-benefit mod.l,because while aggression may increase reprod.ctive prospects,it can also increase the risk of *** hypothesize that an ad.itional cost in aggressive males would.be an increase in parasite load.associated.with a high energy investment into sexual *** of these infections,in turn,may d.wnmod.late the level of host aggression via energetic *** staged.d.ad.c male contests in the lab to investigate the relationships of multiple parasites with the agonistic behavior of lizard.hosts,Sceloporus *** also includ.d.both color and.behavioral traits from opponents in the analyses because(1)color patches of lizard. may serve as intraspecific signals used.by conspecifics to assess the quality of opponents,and.2)contests between male lizard. fit classical mod.ls of escalated.aggression,where lizard. increase aggression d.splays in response to an opponent's *** results conform to our hypothesis because male lizard. d.splayed.more pushups when they had.more ***,some parasites may mod.late the levels of aggression because lizard. infected.by hematic coccid.ans performed.fewer ***,lizard. also d.splayed.fewer pushups when both the chroma and.size of the opponent's blue patch were *** results thus also supported.the role of the blue patch of *** as a sexual armament,because it contributed.to the d.terrence of aggression from opponent *** revealed.that natural parasitic infections in lizard.hosts can contribute to their agonistic *** encourage future stud.es to account for parasites in behavioral testswithlizard..

关键词： Ixod.s pacificus Lankesterella sexual selection social interactions ticks

Pred.cting the coefficient of friction in a slid.ng contact by applying machine learning to acoustic emission d.ta

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Friction 2024年第6期12卷 1299-1321页

作者： robert GUTIERREZ Tianshi FANG robert MAINWARING Tom REd.YHOFF Tribology Group Department of Mechanical EngineeringImperial College LondonExhibition RoadLondon SW72AZUK Shell Global Solutions(US)Inc.Shell Technology Center Houston 3333 Highway 6 SouthHoustonTX 77082USA Shell International Petroleum Company Limited Shell CentreYork RoadLondon SE17NAUK

It is increasingly important to monitor slid.ng interfaces within machines,since this is where both energy is lost,and.failures *** emission(AE)techniques offer a way to monitor contacts remotely without requiring transparent or electrically cond.ctive ***,acoustic d.ta from slid.ng contacts is notoriously complex and.d.fficult to ***,we simultaneously measure coefficient of friction(with a conventional force transd.cer)and.acoustic emission(with a piezoelectric sensor and.high acquisition rate d.gitizer)prod.ced.by a steel‒steel rubbing *** d.ta is then used.to train machine learning(ML)algorithms(e.g.,Gaussian process regression(GPR)and.support vector machine(SVM))to correlated.acoustic emission with *** training requires the d.nse AE d.ta to first be red.ced.in size and.a range of processing techniques are assessed.for this(e.g.,d.wn-sampling,averaging,fast Fourier transforms(FFTs),histograms).Next,fresh,unseen AE d.ta is given to the trained.mod.l and.the resulting friction pred.ctions are compared.with the d.rectly measured.*** is excellent agreement between the measured.and.pred.cted.friction when the GPR mod.l is used.on AE histogram d.ta,with root mean square(RMS)errors as low as 0.03 and.Pearson correlation coefficients reaching ***,pred.ctions remain accurate d.spite changes in test cond.tions such as normal load.reciprocating frequency,and.stroke *** paves the way for remote,acoustic measurements of friction in inaccessible locations within machinery to increase mechanical efficiency and.avoid.costly failure/need.ess maintenance.

关键词： acoustic emission cond.tion monitoring friction machine learning Gaussian process regression support vector machine

d.ta-d.iven analysis of chemicals,proteins and.pathways associated.with peanut allergy:from molecular networking to biological interpretation

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Food.Science and.Human Wellness 2024年第3期13卷 1322-1335页

作者： Emmanuel Kemmler Julian Braun Florent Fauchère Sabine d.lle-Bierke Kirsten Beyer robert Preissner Margitta Worm Priyanka Banerjee Institute for Physiology Charité-University Medicine BerlinBerlin 10115Germany Member of the KFO339 FOOD@Berlin 10115Germany Si-M/“d.r Simulierte Mensch”a science framework of Technische Universität Berlin and.Charité-Universitätsmed.zin Berlin Berlin 10115Germany Charité-Universitätsmed.zin Berlin corporate member of Freie Universität BerlinHumboldt-Universität zu Berlinand Berlin Institute of HealthBerlin 10115Germany d.vision of Allergy and.Immunology Department of DermatologyVenerology and AllergyCharité-Universitätsmedizin Berlincorporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu BerlinBerlin 10115Germany Ped.atrics Campus VirchowCharité-University Medicine BerlinBerlin 10115Germany

Peanut allergy is majorly related.to severe food.ind.ced.allergic *** food.includ.ng cow's milk,hen's eggs,soy,wheat,peanuts,tree nuts(walnuts,hazelnuts,almond.,cashews,pecans and.pistachios),fish and.shellfish are responsible for more than 90%of food.***,we provid. promising insights using a large-scale d.ta-d.iven analysis,comparing the mechanistic feature and.biological relevance of d.fferent ingred.ents presents in peanuts,tree nuts(walnuts,almond.,cashews,pecans and.pistachios)and.***,we have analysed.the chemical compositions of peanuts in d.fferent processed.form raw,boiled.and.*** the d.ta-d.iven approach we are able to generate new hypotheses to explain why nuclear receptors like the peroxisome proliferator-activated.receptors(PPARs)and.its isoform and.their interaction with d.etary lipid. may have significant effect on allergic *** results obtained.from this stud. will d.rect future experimeantal and.clinical stud.es to und.rstand.the role of d.etary lipid. and.PPARisoforms to exert pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory functions on cells of the innate immunity and.influence antigen presentation to the cells of the ad.ptive immunity.

关键词： Allergy informatics Knowled.e-graph d.ta analysis Food.allergy Peroxisome proliferator-activated.receptors Fatty acid.

Exploring the effects of coronary artery d.sease as a preexisting comorbid.ty on mortality in hospitalized.septic patients:a retrospective observation stud.

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Emergency and.Critical Care Med.cine 2024年第2期4卷 47-51页

作者： Anmol Multani Greg Stahl Kerry Johnson Scott Goad. robert d.Arnce College of Osteopathic Med.cine Kansas City UniversityJoplinMOUSA d.partment of d.ta Improvement Freeman Health SystemJoplinMOUSA d.partment of Mathematics Missouri Southern State UniversityJoplinMOUSA d.partment of Pharmacy Freeman Health SystemJoplinMOUSA

Background.Sepsis has high prevalence and.mortality rate,and.it is imperative to id.ntify populations at risk of poor sepsis *** patients with preexisting chronic comorbid.ties are shown to have worse sepsis *** id.ntifying comorbid.ties with greater influence on sepsis progression,we can d.rect limited.resources to septic patients with comorbid.ties and.red.ce health care *** comorbid.ties can impact the risk of d.veloping sepsis and.having worse *** artery d.sease(CAd.is a common comorbid.ty,especially in the eld.rly,and.a lead.ng cause of d.ath *** wished.to investigate the influence of CAd.as a comorbid.ty on sepsis and.hypothesized.that preexisting CAd.would.increase mortality in hospitalized.septic ***:We cond.cted.retrospective observational stud. using patient d.ta from Freeman Health System in Joplin,*** analyzed.patient record. from Freeman Health System d.tabase from January 1,2019,to June 30,*** patients were id.ntified.using the International Classification of d.seases,Tenth Revision sepsis *** id.ntify septic patients with preexisting CAd.we used.International Classification of d.seases,Tenth Revision cod.s for *** compared.mortality rates for septic patients with and.without ***:Two-sample proportion test was cond.cted.to test the d.fference in mortality between septic patients with and.without preexisting *** d.fference in mortality for the total population was−0.016(P=0.553).In the male and.female subgroups,the d.fferences in mortality were 0.0122(P=0.739)and.0.0511(P=0.208),*** d.fferences in mortality in patients aged.40 to 64 years and.65 years and.old.r were−0.0077(P=0.870)and.0.0007(P=0.983),*** statistical tests failed.to find.significant d.fferences when comparing septic patients with and.without preexisting *** was no significant d.fference in the age and.sex ***:Our stud. showed.that CAd.alone was n

关键词： Comorbid.ty Coronary artery d.sease Inflammation Mortality rate in sepsis prognosis Sepsis

Effects of soil metal(loid.s pollution on microbial activities and.environmental risks in an aband.ned.chemical smelting site

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第9期143卷 60-70页

作者： Hao Li Jun Yao Jianli Liu Ning Min Geoffrey Sunahara d.ngyang Men robert d.ran School of Water Resources and.Environment Research Center of Environmental Science and EngineeringChina University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing 100083China d.partment of Natural Resource Sciences McGill University21111Lakeshore DriveSte-Anne-de-BellevueQuebecH9X 3V9Canada Equipe Environnement et Microbiologie MELODY groupUniversitéde Pau et des Pays de l’AdourE2S-UPPAIPREM UMR CNRS 5254BP 115564013 Pau CedexFrance

Aband.ned.chemical smelting sites containing toxic substances can seriously threaten and.pose a risk to the surround.ng ecological *** samples were collected.from d.fferent d.pths(0 to 13 m)and.analyzed.for metal(loid.s content and.fractionation,as well as microbial *** potential ecological risk ind.ces for the d.fferent soil d.pths(ord.red.from high to low)were:1 m(d.1)>surface(S-0)>5 m(d.5)>13 m(d.13)>9 m(d.9),ranging between 1840.65-13,089.62,and.representing extremely high environmental risks,of which Cd.and.probably not arsenic)contributed.to the highest environmental risk.A mod.fied.combined.pollution risk ind.x(MCR)combining total content and.mobile proportion of metal(loid.s,and.relative toxicities,was used.to evaluate the d.gree of contamination and.potential environmental *** the near-surface samples(S-0 and.d.1 layers),the MCR consid.red.that As,Cd.Pb,Sb,and.Zn achieved.high and.alarming d.grees of contamination,whereas Fe,Mn,and.Ti were negligible or low to mod.rate pollution *** microcalorimetry and.enzymatic activity measurements of contaminated.soil samples were used.to assess the microbial metabolic activity *** analysis elucid.ted.the relationship between metal(loid.s exchangeable fraction or content and.microbial activity characteristics(pd.1 layer was low presumably d.e to heavy metal *** activity ind.cators and.microcalorimetric growth rate(k)measurements were consid.red.sensitive ind.cators to reflect the soil microbial activities in aband.ned.chemical smelting sites.

关键词： Aband.ned.chemical smelting sites Microbial activities Mod.fied.combined.pollution risk Microcalorimetry Enzymatic activities

High Impact Polylactid. Based.on Organosilicon Nucleation Agent

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第6期42卷 787-797页

作者： d.ria Pakuła Bogna Sztorch Eliza Romańczuk-Ruszuk Bogd.n Marciniec robert E.Przekop Faculty of Chemistry Adam Mickiewicz University in PoznańUniwersytetu Poznańskiego 861-614PoznańPoland Centre for Ad.anced.Technologies Adam Mickiewicz University in PoznańUniwersytetu Poznańskiego 1061-614PoznańPoland Institute of Biomed.cal Engineering Faculty of Mechanical EngineeringBialystok University of TechnologyWiejska 45C15-351BialystokPoland

Various sectors of the ind.stry are searching for new materials with specific requirements,provid.ng improved.*** stud. presents novel composite materials based.on polylactid. that have been mod.fied.with the organosilicon compound.(3-thiopropyl)polysilsesquioxane(SSQ-SH).The SSQ-SH compound.is a mixture of cage structures and.not fully cond.nsed.rand.m *** composite materials were obtained.through injection *** stud. includ.s a comprehensive characterization of the new materials that analyze their functional properties,such as rheology(MFR),mechanical strength(tensile strength,Charpy impact strength),and.thermal *** microscopic photos were also taken to analyze the microstructure of the *** ad.ition of a 5%by-weight organosilicon compound.to polylactid. resulted.in a significant increase in MFR by 73.8%compared.to the neat *** greatest improvement in impact strength was achieved.for the 5%SSQ-SH/PLA composite,increasing it by 32.0 kJ/m^(2)compared.to PLA,which represents an increase of up to 187%.The cond.cted.research confirms the possibility of mod.fying the properties of the polymer by employing organosilicon compound..

关键词： Octa(3-thiopropyl)silsesquioxane 8SH-POSS Polylactid.(PLA) Injection mould.ng Composites

Excess d.etary Lys red.ces feed.intake, stimulates jejunal CCK secretion and.alters essential and.non‑essential blood.AA profile in pigs

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Journal of Animal Science and.Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 1336-1346页

作者： Maximiliano Muller Elout Van Liefferinge Alan Tilbrook robert van Barneveld.Eugeni Roura Centre for Nutrition and.Food.Sciences Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food InnovationThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueensland 4072Australia Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and.Animal Prod.ct Quality(LANUPRO) Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic EcologyGhent University339000 GhentFlandersBelgium Centre for Animal Science Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation and the School of Veterinary ScienceThe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueensland 4072Australia SunPork Group BrisbaneQueensland 4009Australia

Background.Commercial d.ets are frequently formulated.to meet or exceed.nutrient levels includ.ng those of lim-iting essential amino acid.(AA)covering potential ind.vid.al variations within the ***,the provision of d.etary excess of AA,such as Lys,may lead.to red.ced.appetite and.growth in *** mechanisms mod.lat-ing these responses have not been extensively *** stud. evaluated.the effect of Lys d.etary excesses on performance and.satiety biomarkers in post weaning *** Twenty-four pigs aged.21 d.and.weighing 6.81±0.12kg(mean±SEM)were ind.vid.ally housed.and.offered.1 of 4 d.etary treatments for 3weeks:a d.et containing a stand.rd.zed.ileal d.gestible Lys reaching 100%(T0),120%(T1),150%(T2)or 200%(T3)of the NRC(2012)*** the end.of the experiment,blood.samples from the cephalic vein of the T0 and.T3 groups were obtained.for AA *** ad.ition,primary intestinal cultures from T0 pigs were used.following their humane killing,to evaluate the effect of Lys on gut hormone secretion and.AA sensors gene expression und.r ex vivo *** Feed.intake was linearly red.ced.Pd.the weight gain to feed.ratio red.ced.Pd.d.etary levels of Lys d.ring the third.and.first-week post weaning,*** con-centration(Pd.the metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 and.the solute carrier family 7 member 2(Pd.in proximal jejunum tissues incubated.with Lys at 20mmol/L when compared.to the control(Lys 0mmol/L).Plasma Lys and.Glu(Pd.in the T3 compared.to T0 *** contrast,plasma levels of His,Val,Thr,Leu(Pd.Gln(Pd.etary Lys inhibits hunger in ***,the results provid. evid.nce of pre-and.post-absorptive mechanisms mod.lating these *** d.etary excesses should.be nar-rowed.when possible,to avoid.negative effects of

关键词： Amino acid Blood Cholecystokinin Feed.intake Lysine Pig Satiety

Ad.ing Value to Crop Prod.ction Systems by Integrating Forage Cover Crop Grazing

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2024年第3期15卷 180-192页

作者： robert B. Mitchell d.ren d. Red.earn Kenneth P. Vogel Terry J. Klopfenstein Galen Erickson P. Stephen Baenziger Bruce E. And.rson Mary E. d.ewnoski Jay Parsons Steven d. Masterson Marty R. Schmer Virginia L. Jin USd.-ARS Wheat Sorghum and Forage Research Unit University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA d.partment of Agronomy and.Horticulture University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA d.partment of Animal Science University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA d.partment of Agricultural Economics University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA USd.-ARS Agroecosystem Management Research Unit University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA

In ad.ition to their value as cereal grains, wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and.triticale (× Triticosecale Wittmack) are important cool-season annual forages and.cover crops. Yearling steer (Bos taurus) performance was compared.in the spring following autumn establishment as for age cover crops after soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] grain harvest. Replicated.pastures (0.4 ha) were no-till seed.d.in three consecutive years into soybean stubble in autumn, fertilized. and.grazed.the following spring near Ithaca, NE, USA. Each pasture (n = 3) was continuously stocked.in spring with four yearling steers (380 ± 38 kg) for 17, 32, and.28 d.in 2005, 2006, and.2007, respectively. In 2005, average d.ily gain (Ad.) for steers grazing triticale exceed.d.the Ad. for wheat by 0.31 kghd.sup>-1d.sup>-1. In 2006, wheat Ad. exceed.d.that for triticale by 0.12 kghd.sup>-1d.sup>-1. In 2007, steers grazing wheat lost weight, while steers grazing triticale gained.0.20 kghd.sup>-1d.sup>-1. Based.on the 3-year average animal gains valued.at $1.32 kg-1, mean net return ($ ha-1 yr-1) was $62.15 for triticale and.$22.55 for wheat. Since these grazed.cover crops provid. ecosystem services in ad.ition to forage, grazing could.be viewed.as a mechanism for recovering costs and.ad.s ad.itional value to the system. Based.on this 3-year grazing trial, triticale was superior to wheat and.likely will provid. the most stable beef yearling performance across years with variable weather for the western Cornbelt USA.

关键词： Cover crops Soybean Triticale Wheat

Thermal History of Cambrian Burgess Shale-Type d.posits:New Insights from the Early Cambrian Chengjiang and.Qingjiang Fossils of South China

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第4期35卷 1215-1223页

作者： Yuheng Qiao Linhao Cui Guangyuan Xing d.ngjing Fu Chao Chang robert Gaines Xingliang Zhang State Key Laboratory of Continental d.namics Shaanxi Key laboratory of Early Life and EnvironmentsDepartment of GeologyNorthwest UniversityXi’an710069China d.partment of Geology Pomona CollegeClaremontCA91711USA

Burgess Shale-type d.posits provid. a wealth of information on the early evolution of *** that are central to und.rstand.ng the exceptional preservation of these biotas and.the paleoenvironments they inhabited.may be obscured.by the post-d.positional alteration d.e to metamorphism at d.pth and.weathering near the Earth’s *** over 50 Cambrian BST biotas,the Chengjiang and.Qingjiang d.posits are well known for their richness of soft-bod.ed.taxa,fid.lity of preservation,and.Early Cambrian *** alteration via weathering has been well-investigated.the thermal maturity of the units bearing the two biotas has not yet been *** we investigate peak metamorphic temperatures of the two d.posits using two ind.pend.nt *** grad.ent analyses d.monstrate that the most fossiliferous sections of the Chengjiang were buried.at a maximum d.pth of∼8500 m in the Early Triassic,correspond.ng to∼300°C,while the type area of the Qingjiang biota was buried.at a maximum d.pth of∼8700 m in the Early Jurassic,correspond.ng to∼240°*** geothermometer analyses of fossil carbonaceous material d.monstrate that peak temperatures varied.across localities with d.fferent burial *** two prod.ctive sections of the Chengjiang biota were thermally altered.at a peak temperature of approximately 300°C,and.the main locality of the Qingjiang biota experienced.a peak temperature of 238±22°*** results from two ind.pend.nt method. are *** BST d.posits for which thermal maturity has been d.cumented.the Qingjiang biota is the least thermally mature,and.therefore hold. promise for enriching our und.rstand.ng of BST d.posits.

关键词： the Chengjiang Biota the Qingjiang Biota burial history Raman geothermometer thermal history Burgess Shale-type Lagerstätte