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Natural parasites in conjunction with behavioral and color traits explain male agonistic behaviors in a lizard

Current Zoology 2024年第1期70卷 59-69页

作者： Rodrigo Megia-Palma Dhanashree Paranjpe robert D.cooper Pauline Blaimont Barry Sinervo Department of Biomedicine and Biotechnology Parasitology UnitUniversidad de Alcala(UAH)E-28805Alcala de HenaresSpain CIBio Centro de Investigagao em Biodiversidade e Recursos GeneticosInBIO Laboratorio AssociadoCampus de VairaoUniversidade do PortoP-4485-661 VairaoPortugal BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics Biodiversity and Land PlanningCIBIOCampus de VairaoP-4485-661 VairaoPortugal Rupa Rahul Bajaj Center for Environment and Art Empress Botanical GardensKavade MalaPuneIndia Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA Department of Biology University of Houston Downtown1Main St.HoustonTX 77002USA Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of CaliforniaSanta CruzCA 95064USA

Male competition conforms to a cost-benefit model,because while aggression may increase reproductive prospects,it can also increase the risk of *** hypothesize that an additional cost in aggressive males would be an increase in parasite load associated with a high energy investment into sexual *** of these infections,in turn,may downmodulate the level of host aggression via energetic *** staged dyadic male contests in the lab to investigate the relationships of multiple parasites with the agonistic behavior of lizard hosts,Sceloporus *** also included both color and behavioral traits from opponents in the analyses because(1)color patches of lizards may serve as intraspecific signals used by conspecifics to assess the quality of opponents,and(2)contests between male lizards fit classical models of escalated aggression,where lizards increase aggression displays in response to an opponent's *** results conform to our hypothesis because male lizards displayed more pushups when they had more ***,some parasites may modulate the levels of aggression because lizards infected by hematic coccidians performed fewer ***,lizards also displayed fewer pushups when both the chroma and size of the opponent's blue patch were *** results thus also supported the role of the blue patch of *** as a sexual armament,because it contributed to the deterrence of aggression from opponent *** revealed that natural parasitic infections in lizard hosts can contribute to their agonistic *** encourage future studies to account for parasites in behavioral testswithlizards.

关键词： Ixodes pacificus Lankesterella sexual selection social interactions ticks

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My Research Connections with English Scientists over the Past Six Decades

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International Journal of Geosciences 2022年第3期13卷 259-267页

作者： robert cooper Liebermann Mineral Physics Institute and Department of Geosciences Stony Brook University Stony Brook NY USA

Over the past six decades, I have maintained research connections with English scientists while pursuing an academic career focusing on scientific discoveries of the physical properties of minerals at high pressures and temperatures. During this period, I have also visited many research laboratories in England, including University of Cambridge, University College London, University of Oxford and the Atomic Weapons Research Establishment [AWRE] in Aldermaston, England. The objective of this paper is to relate this history.

关键词： Mineral Physics High Pressure High Temperature Synchrotron X-Radiation Facilities

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My Research Connections with Russian Scientists over the Past Half Century

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International Journal of Geosciences 2022年第3期13卷 155-173页

作者： robert cooper Liebermann Mineral Physics Institute and Department of Geosciences Stony Brook University Stony Brook NY USA

Over the past half century, I have maintained research connections with Russian scientists during investigations in seismology and mineral physics. These studies have focused on detection and discrimination of underground nuclear explosions and measurements of the physical properties of minerals at high pressures and temperatures. During this period, I have also visited many research laboratories in Russia, including Moscow, Chernogolovka, Novosibirsk and St. Petersburg. The objective of this paper is to relate this history.

关键词： Mineral Physics High Pressure High Temperature Seismology Underground Nuclear Explosions

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Stony Brook’s High-Pressure Laboratory Collaborations with French Scientists

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International Journal of Geosciences 2021年第3期12卷 195-212页

作者： robert cooper Liebermann Mineral Physics Institute and Department of Geosciences Stony Brook University Stony Brook NY USA

For more than a half century, my colleagues and I in the Stony Brook High Pressure Laboratory have profited from collaborations with French scientists in their laboratories in Orsay, Paris, Toulouse, Lille, Lyon, Strasbourg and Rennes. These interactions have included postdoctoral appointments of French colleagues in our laboratory as well as two année sabbatique by me;in 1983-84, in the Laboratoire de Géophysique et Géodynamique Interne at the Université Paris XI in Orsay and in 2020-2003 in the Laboratoire des Méchanismes et Transfert en Géologie at the Université Paul Sabatier in Toulouse. The objective of this report is to relate this history and to illustrate the scientific advances which resulted from these collaborations.

关键词： Mineral Physics High Pressure High Temperature Multi-Anvil Apparatus Atomic Diffusion Mineral Deformation U.S.-France Collaboration Activation Volume for Creep Ultrasonic Interferometry Synchrotron X-Radiation

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Stony Brook’s Collaborations with Czech Scientists

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International Journal of Geosciences 2021年第5期12卷 487-498页

作者： robert cooper Liebermann Mineral Physics Institute and Department of Geosciences Stony Brook University NY USA

For the past half-century, I have been fortunate in maintaining collaborations with Czech scientists in the Czech Republic [formerly Czechoslovakia] from the Geofyzikální ústav-GFU [Institute of Geophysics] of the ?eskoslovenská Akademie Věd-?SAV [Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences]. These collaborations have included exchange visits by me to Prague [Praha] and convening international workshops in 1976, 1986 and 1996 in castles used by the ?SAV as well as visits by Czech colleagues to Stony Brook University. The objective of this report is to relate this history. This paper is dedicated to the memory of Vladislav Babu?ka.

关键词： Mineral Physics High Pressure High Temperature Anisotropy and Lateral Heterogeneity of the Earth’s Mantle

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My Research Collaborations with Chinese Scientists over the Past Three Decades

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International Journal of Geosciences 2021年第10期12卷 960-983页

作者： robert cooper Liebermann Mineral Physics Institute and Department of Geosciences Stony Brook University Stony Brook NY USA

For more than three decades, I have been fortunate in working with Chinese graduate students and postdoctoral research scientists in our High-Pressure Laboratory at Stony Brook University. These colleagues have conducted a wide variety of experiments at high pressures and temperatures in collaboration with our other students and researchers. These studies utilized transmission electron microscopy, ultrasonic interferometry, X-ray powder diffraction and synchrotron X-radiation to investigate phase transitions, thermal equations of state, sound velocities, atomic diffusion, dislocation dissociation and deviatoric stress in high-pressure apparatus. During this period, I have also visited high-pressure laboratories in the mainland of China and Taiwan on several occasions. The objective of this paper is to relate this history.

关键词： Mineral Physics High Pressure High Temperature Anisotropy and Lateral Heterogeneity of the Earth’s Mantle

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Reminiscences of Days as an Undergraduate at Caltech in the 1960s: Geology, Student Body Politics and Intercollegiate Football

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International Journal of Geosciences 2021年第8期12卷 653-666页

作者： robert cooper Liebermann Mineral Physics Institute and Department of Geosciences Stony Brook University Stony Brook NY USA

From 1960 to 1964, I was an undergraduate student at the California Institute of Technology [Caltech] in Pasadena, California. During these years, I spent much of my time indulging in student body politics and playing intercollegiate football. However, with the encouragement of a number of faculty in the Division of Geological Sciences [not yet GPS], I saw the light and became a geology major [strictly speaking, geophysics]. This paper is an expansion of a talk I presented at the 90th Anniversary of the Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences in 2017.

关键词： Undergraduate Geology Student Body Politics Intercollegiate Football

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The Impact of Health Care Reform Initiatives on Ethical Conflict and Opportunities for Nurses to Improve Quality of Care While Enhancing Their Work Environments

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Open Journal of Nursing 2014年第9期4卷 644-655页

作者： robert cooper Garry Frank Cherry Shogren College of Business and Public Administration Drake University Des Moines USA Professional Development Unity Point Health-Des Moines Des Moines USA

Background: After more than a decade of the nursing profession contending that healthcare reform based almost exclusively on cost cutting was creating an array of serious ethical issues for nurses, healthcare organizations and other providers are now facing increasing demands primarily from payers to demonstrate improvement in both quality of care and patient experience along with continued cost reduction. Research Question: Have efforts by healthcare organizations to comply with these recently imposed requirements influenced the ethical environment faced by nurses and nurse leaders and if so, how? Materials and Methods: Data for assessing the current ethical environment was gathered with a close-ended survey mailed in October 2012 to a random sample of 3000 members of the American Organization of Nurse Executives. Results and Discussion: Statistical analysis of the data and comparison with the findings of a similar study conducted in 2000 indicated that along with five highly rated issues in the earlier study attributed largely to economic constraints imposed by healthcare organizations, the top-10 key ethical issues today included five issues primarily attributable to interprofessional conflict. Conclusion: Given the success of many ongoing efforts aimed at weakening these key sources of ethical conflict that have blocked many proposals to improve the quality of care, opportunities should arise for the nursing profession to more fully achieve its goals of improving the quality of care, safety and patient satisfaction and enhancing nurses’ work environments essential to that effort.

关键词： Cost Control End-of-Life Care Ethical Consults Futile Treatment Healthcare Reform Nursing Ethics Patient Satisfaction Quality of Care

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Considerations in Dealing with Ethical Conflict Encountered in Healthcare Reform: Perceptions of Nurse Leaders

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Open Journal of Nursing 2014年第10期4卷 695-704页

作者： robert cooper Garry Frank Cherry Shogren College of Business and Public Administration Drake University Des Moines USA Professional Development Unity Point Health—Des Moines Des Moines USA

With the nursing profession continuing to face an array of ethical issues, the article reports the findings of a survey of members of the American Organization of Nurse Executives conducted in 2012 to determine the extent to which nurse leaders at different organization levels perceive various factors in their personal, professional and organizational environments to be helpful in resolving ethical dilemmas. After their personal values, nurse leaders perceive factors related to their organization to be more helpful than those related to their profession, including, among others, the American Nurses Association Code of Ethics. The two highest rated business-related factors deal with the absence of pressure to compromise one’s own ethical standards which suggests that one way healthcare organizations can assist nurses and their leaders is by neither explicitly nor implicitly pressuring them to go against their own ethical values. Other key factors related to the organization include formal organizational factors such as the existence of an ethics committee or a person to whom unethical activity can be reported as well as more informal factors related to organizational climate such as the actions and responsiveness of one’s immediate boss, the ability to go beyond one’s boss if necessary, the organizational culture, management philosophy, and management’s communication of appropriate ethical behavior. Comparison of the findings of the 2012 survey with those of a similar study conducted in 2000 indicated the four factors perceived as most helpful in both studies were identical with the same rank order and the top-10 factors were identical with some differences in ranking. Further analysis indicated the relative degree of helpfulness of the 17 help factors common to both studies was perceived by responding nurse leaders as quite similar overall. The authors also discuss the implications for the profession and the healthcare industry today and in the future.

关键词： Ethical Culture Ethics Committee Nursing Ethics Patient Satisfaction Quality of Care

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Multiple color patches and parasites in Sceloporus occidentalis:differential relationships by sex and infection

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Current Zoology 2018年第6期64卷 703-711页

作者： Rodrigo MEGIA-PALMA Dhanashree PARANJPE Senda REGUERA Javier MARTINEZ robert D cooper Pauline BLAIMONT Santiago MERINO Barry SINERVO Department of Ecologia Evolutiva Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales-CSICJose Gutierrez Abascal 2.Madrid E-28006Spain Departrnent of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of CaliforniaSanta Cruz1156High StSanta CruzCA 95064USA Department of Zoologia Facultad de CienciasUniversidad de GranadaGranada E-18071Spain Area Parasitologia Department of Biomedicina y BiotecnologiaArea de ParasitologiaFacultad de FarmaciaUniversidad de Alcala de HenaresAlcala de HenaresMadrid E-28871Spain

Parasites generally have a negative influence on the color expression of their *** selection theory predicts resistant high-quality individuals should show intense coloration,whereas susceptible low-quality individuals would show poor ***,intensely colored males of different species of Oid and New World lizards were more often infected by *** results suggest that high-quality males,with intense coloration,would suffer higher susceptibility to *** hypothesis remains poorly understood and contradicts general theories on sexual *** surveyed a population of Sceloporus occidentalis for parasites and found infections by the parasite genera Lankesterella and *** this population,both males and females express ventral blue and yellow color *** was almost exclusively infecting *** body size of the males significantly predicted the coloration of both blue and yellow *** males showed darker (lower lightness)blue ventral patches and more saturated yellow patches that were also ***,these males were more often infected by Lankesterella than smaller *** intestinal parasite Acroeimeria infected both males and *** infection by intestinal parasites of the genus Acroeimeria was the best predictor for the chroma in the blue patch of the males and for hue in the yellow patch of the *** males infected by Acroeimeria expressed blue patches with significantly lower chroma than the uninfected ***,the hue of the yellow patch was not significantly different between infected and uninfected *** results suggest a different effect of Lankesterella and Acroeimeria on the *** the one hand,the intense coloration of male lizards infected by Lankesterella suggested high-quality male lizards may tolerate *** the other hand,the low chroma of the blue coloration of the infected males suggested that this coloration could honest

关键词： animal communication coloration Hamilton and Zuk parasites sexual selection

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