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不同商业批次花生的黄曲霉毒素水平模拟研究

核农学报 2024年第2期38卷 336-344页

作者：陈尤佳 Panagiota H Tsatsos 张嘉玲 Haydu K robert 玛氏箭牌有限公司全球科学与技术部北京101407 玛氏箭牌有限公司全球科学与技术部伊利诺伊芝加哥60642 玛氏箭牌糖果(中国)有限公司商务部广东广州510623 玛氏箭牌有限公司全球质量与食品安全部伊利诺伊芝加哥60642

为准确获知花生贸易中商业批次的黄曲霉毒素水平,本研究通过模拟应用联合国粮食及农业组织(FAO)的农业品类真菌毒素取样模型,以脱壳整粒花生批次为模拟对象,在中国、日本法规限值下,分别设置实验室样品数目、实验室样品量和接受/拒绝限... 详细信息

为准确获知花生贸易中商业批次的黄曲霉毒素水平,本研究通过模拟应用联合国粮食及农业组织(FAO)的农业品类真菌毒素取样模型,以脱壳整粒花生批次为模拟对象,在中国、日本法规限值下,分别设置实验室样品数目、实验室样品量和接受/拒绝限值,模拟每种组合超出法规限值的接收/放行概率。结果表明,在常规黄曲霉毒素风险的产季/产地下,批次能够满足>90%概率符合中国国标和日本法规的取样方案分别为:设置接受/拒绝限值为黄曲霉毒素B15~10 ng·g^(-1),实验室样品数目和样品量分别为2~3个、5~10 kg;设置接受/拒绝限值为黄曲霉毒素总量5 ng·g^(-1),实验室样品数目和样品量分别为3个、10 kg。推荐在以下3种高风险或风险不确定情景下应用此模型制订升级取样方案、调整接收限值、增强采购/销售信心:黄曲霉毒素高风险产季/产地采购;新开发的供应商/采购区域;批次超标预警时对新批次的放行,以免连续超标。本研究结果为中国花生加工/贸易企业提供了科学取样方案,进而为保障食品安全、保护企业经济利益提供了理论参考。

关键词：花生黄曲霉毒素取样模拟

Schistosomiasis transmission in Zimbabwe:Modelling based on machine learning

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2024年第4期9卷 1081-1094页

作者： Hong-Mei Li Jin-Xin Zheng Nicholas Midzi Masceline Jenipher Mutsaka-Makuvaza Shan Lv Shang Xia Ying-jun Qian Ning Xiao robert Berguist Xiao-Nong Zhou National Institute of Parasitic Diseases Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention(Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research)NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector BiologyWHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical DiseasesNational Center for International Research on Tropical DiseasesShanghai200025China National Institute of Health Research Ministry of Health and Child CareHarareZimbabwe University of Rwanda College of Medicine and Health SciencesSchool of Medicine and PharmacyDepartment of Microbiology and ParasitologyRwanda Ingerod 407 SE-45494BrastadSweden

Zimbabwe,located in Southern Africa,faces a significant public health challenge due to *** investigated this issue with emphasis on risk prediction of schistosomiasis for the entire *** this end,we reviewed available data on schistosomiasis in Zimbabwe from a literature search covering the 1980-2022 period considering the potential impact of 26 environmental and socioeconomic variables obtained from public *** studied the population requiring praziquantel with regard to whether or not mass drug administration(MDA)had been regularly *** machinelearning algorithms were tested for their ability to predict the prevalence of schistosomiasis in Zimbabwe based on the mean absolute error(MAE),the root mean squared error(RMSE)and the coefficient of determination(R2).The findings revealed different roles of the 26 factors with respect to transmission and there were particular variations between Schistosoma haematobium and *** *** found that the top-five correlation factors,such as the past(rather than current)time,unsettled MDA implementation,constrained economy,high rainfall during the warmest season,and high annual precipitation were closely associated with higher *** prevalence,while lower elevation,high rainfall during the warmest season,steeper slope,past(rather than current)time,and higher minimum temperature in the coldest month were rather related to higher *** *** random forest(RF)algorithm was considered as the formal best model construction method,with MAE=0.108;RMSE=0.143;and R^(2)=0.517 for ***,and with the corresponding figures for *** being 0.053;0.082;and *** on this optimal model,the current total schistosomiasis prevalence in Zimbabwe under MDA implementation was 19.8%,with that of *** at 13.8% and that of *** at 7.1%,requiring annual MDA based on a population of 3,003,*** MDA,the current total schistosomiasis prevalence would

关键词： Machine-learning Transmission risk model Schistosomiasis Zimbabwe

The Importance of Setting Treatment Goals for Cardiovascular Diseases

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2024年第1期14卷 10-15页

作者： David S. Schade Bramara Nagamallika Godasi Teodor Duro robert Philip Eaton University of New Mexico Health Sciences Albuquerque USA

Background: Guidelines are issued by most major organizations that focus on a specific disease entity. Guidelines should be a significant help to the practicing physician who may not be up-to-date with the recent medical literature. Unfortunately, when conflicting guidelines for a specific disease are published, confusion results. Purpose: This article provides a suggested guideline outcome measure that would benefit the physician and patient. Methods: A review of 19 different guidelines for cardiovascular disease treatment is one example of the lack of specific outcomes that currently exist. The basic problem with most guidelines is that they do not state the expected end result (i.e., the benefit to the patient) if that guideline is followed. When guidelines use cardiovascular disease risk factors to dictate therapy, the end benefit is never stated so that the patient can make an appropriate choice of which (if any) guideline to follow. Results: A good example is guidelines published by the American Heart Association for reducing cardiovascular disease. These guidelines are risk factor based and only indicate that cardiovascular disease would be reduced if followed. No specific percentage in the reduction of the incidence of disease is given. In contrast, when elimination of the disease is the stated goal of the guideline, the end result is clear. To date, this goal has been stated by only one organization devoted to eliminating cardiovascular disease. Conclusion: Guidelines need to be written to provide the physician and the patient with a specific end point that is expected when the guideline is followed. Patient acceptance and compliance will be much improved if the patient knows the risk/benefit of following the guideline’s recommendations.

关键词： Guideline Goals for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease Pooled Cohort Equations

Delta Global奢侈品可持续调查报告:迈进绿色未来

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包装与设计 2024年第1期 52-61页

作者： robert Lockyer Delta Global

随着全球对可持续发展议题的关注日益提升,消费者的环保意识正不断增强,这也深刻地影响着奢侈品购买行为。在香港设计营商周(BODW)2023峰会上,Delta Global创始人及首席客户总监robert Lockyer带来了一份名为《迈进绿色未来》的调研报... 详细信息

随着全球对可持续发展议题的关注日益提升,消费者的环保意识正不断增强,这也深刻地影响着奢侈品购买行为。在香港设计营商周(BODW)2023峰会上,Delta Global创始人及首席客户总监robert Lockyer带来了一份名为《迈进绿色未来》的调研报告。报告称,在接受调研的亚太区世代奢侈品消费者中,76%的人表示,他们愿意为重视可持续发展的奢侈品牌支付28%的产品溢价,并购买更多相关产品。

关键词：奢侈品牌可持续发展绿色未来 Delta 环保意识调研报告产品溢价

丹江口水库浮游细菌和氮磷循环基因垂直分布特征及其驱动因素

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环境科学 2024年第7期45卷 3995-4005页

作者：张玮玮高姗姗李梦璐陈彦 Nicola Fohrer robert Costanza 李玉英陈兆进南阳师范学院水资源与环境工程学院南阳473061 南水北调中线水源区流域生态安全高等学校学科创新引智基地南阳473061

丹江口水库作为南水北调中线工程水源地,不同深度浮游细菌群落组成、氮磷循环功能及其驱动因素尚未清晰.选取丹江口水库5个生态点位,采用宏基因组学研究表层、中层和底层垂直分布浮游细菌群落组成,分析预测氮磷循环功能及其驱动因素.结... 详细信息

丹江口水库作为南水北调中线工程水源地,不同深度浮游细菌群落组成、氮磷循环功能及其驱动因素尚未清晰.选取丹江口水库5个生态点位,采用宏基因组学研究表层、中层和底层垂直分布浮游细菌群落组成,分析预测氮磷循环功能及其驱动因素.结果表明,丹江口水库主要由变形菌门、放线菌门和浮霉菌门等优势种群组成,不同深度来源的浮游细菌群落结构具有显著差异,水温(T)、氧化还原电位(ORP)、溶解氧(DO)和Chla是影响浮游细菌群落组成的主要因素.氮循环功能基因分析表明,主要涉及生物固氮过程、硝化作用、反硝化作用和异化硝酸盐还原作用等7个主要途径的gltB、glnA、gltD、gdhA和NRT等39个氮循环功能基因.磷循环功能基因分析表明,主要涉及有机磷矿化、无机磷溶解、调节等6个主要途径的pstS、ppx-gppA、glpQ和ppk1等54个磷循环功能基因.聚类分析表明不同深度是影响氮磷循环功能基因组成和丰度的主要因素,表层和底层氮磷循环功能基因丰度高于中层样品.奇异球菌属、嗜氢菌属、Limnohabitans和棍状杆菌属等是氮磷循环的关键物种.DO、pH、T、总溶解性固体(TDS)、电导率(EC)和Chla与氮磷循环功能基因显著相关,以上环境因子随丹江口水库深度增加浓度降低或升高,导致浮游细菌氮磷循环功能基因呈明显的垂直分布特征.通过揭示丹江口水库不同深度浮游细菌群落组成、氮磷循环功能及其影响因素,可为丹江口浮游细菌生态功能和多样性保护发挥潜在的作用.

关键词：丹江口水库分层宏基因组氮循环磷循环

Mesh representation matters:investigating the influence of different mesh features on perceptual and spatial fidelity of deep 3D morphable models

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虚拟现实与智能硬件（中英文） 2024年第5期6卷 383-395页

作者： robert KOSK Richard SOUTHERN Lihua YOU Shaojun BIAN Willem KOKKE Greg MAGUIRE Centre for Digital Entertainment National Centre for Computer AnimationBournemouth UniversityPoole BH125BBUK Humain Ltd. Belfast BT12LAUK School of Creative and Digital Industries Buckinghamshire New UniversityHigh Wycombe HP112JZUK Belfast School of Art Ulster UniversityBelfast BT151EDUK

Background Deep 3D morphable models(deep 3DMMs)play an essential role in computer *** are used in facial synthesis,compression,reconstruction and animation,avatar creation,virtual try-on,facial recognition systems and medical *** applications require high spatial and perceptual quality of synthesised *** their significance,these models have not been compared with different mesh representations and evaluated jointly with point-wise distance and perceptual *** We compare the influence of different mesh representation features to various deep 3DMMs on spatial and perceptual fidelity of the reconstructed *** paper proves the hypothesis that building deep 3DMMs from meshes represented with global representations leads to lower spatial reconstruction error measured with L_(1) and L_(2) norm metrics and underperforms on perceptual *** contrast,using differential mesh representations which describe differential surface properties yields lower perceptual FMPD and DAME and higher spatial fidelity *** influence of mesh feature normalisation and standardisation is also compared and analysed from perceptual and spatial fidelity *** The results presented in this paper provide guidance in selecting mesh representations to build deep 3DMMs accordingly to spatial and perceptual quality objectives and propose combinations of mesh representations and deep 3DMMs which improve either perceptual or spatial fidelity of existing methods.

关键词： Shape modelling Deep 3D morphable models Representation learning Feature engineering Perceptual metrics

Overview of emerging therapies for demyelinating diseases

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第30期12卷 6361-6373页

作者： robert Medina Ann-Marie Derias Maria Lakdawala Skye Speakman Brandon Lucke-Wold University of Florida College of Medicine University of FloridaGainesvilleFl 32610United States Department of Neurosurgery University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32611United States

This paper provides an overview of autoimmune disorders of the central nervous system,specifically those caused by *** explore new research regarding potential therapeutic interventions,particularly those aimed at inducing *** is a detailed process,involving many cell types–oligodendrocyte precursor cells(OPCs),astrocytes,and microglia–and both the innate and adaptive immune *** discussion of this process includes the differentiation potential of neural stem cells,the function of adult OPCs,and the impact of molecular mediators on myelin *** therapies are also explored,with mechanisms of action including the induction of OPC differentiation,the transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells,and the use of molecular ***,we discuss current medical advancements in relation to many myelin-related disorders,including multiple sclerosis,optic neuritis,neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder,myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodyassociated disease,transverse myelitis,and acute disseminated *** these emerging systemic therapies,we also introduce the dimethyl fumarate/silk fibroin nerve conduit and its potential role in the treatment of peripheral nerve *** these aforementioned scientific advancements,this paper maintains the need for ongoing research to deepen our understanding of demyelinating diseases and advance therapeutic strategies that enhance affected patients’quality of life.

关键词： Central nervous system disease Autoimmune Remyelination Demyelination Myelin Oligodendrocyte Emerging therapies Multiple Sclerosis

Projected impacts of climate change on the habitat of Xerophyta species in Africa

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Plant Diversity 2024年第1期46卷 91-100页

作者： Vincent Okelo Wanga Boniface KNgarega Millicent Akinyi Oulo Elijah Mbandi Mkala Veronicah Mutele Ngumbau Guy Eric Onjalalaina Wyclif Ochieng Odago Consolata Nanjala Clintone Onyango Ochieng Moses Kirega Gichua robert Wahiti Gituru Guang-Wan Hu CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture Wuhan Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430074China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Sino-Africa Joint Research Center Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhan 430074China Centre for Integrative Conservation Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesMenglun 666303China Botany Department Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and TechnologyNairobiKenya East African Herbarium National Museums of KenyaP.O.Box 451660-0100NairobiKenya

Climate change poses a serious long-term threat to *** effectively reduce biodiversity loss,conservationists need to have a thorough understanding of the preferred habitats of species and the variables that affect their ***,predicting the impact of climate change on speciesappropriate habitats may help mitigate the potential threats to biodiversity ***,a monocotyledonous genus of the family Velloziaceae is native to mainland Africa,Madagascar,and the Arabian *** key drivers of Xerophyta habitat distribution and preference are *** 308 species occurrence data and eight environmental variables,the MaxEnt model was used to determine the potential distribution of six Xerophyta species in Africa under past,current and future climate change *** results showed that the models had a good predictive ability(Area Under the Curve and True Skill Statistics values for all SDMs were more than 0.902),indicating high accuracy in forecasting the potential geographic distribution of Xerophyta *** main bioclimatic variables that impacted potential distributions of most Xerophyta species were mean temperature of the driest quarter(Bio9)and precipitation of the warmest quarter(Bio18).According to our models,tropical Africa has zones of moderate and high suitability for Xerophyta taxa,which is consistent with the majority of documented species *** habitat suitability of the existing range of the Xerophyta species varied based on the climate scenario,with most species experiencing a range loss greater than the range gain regardless of the climate *** projected spatiotemporal patterns of Xerophyta species help guide recommendations for conservation efforts.

关键词： Africa Climate change MaxEnt model Potential suitable distribution Velloziaceae Xerophyta

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迷上冰壶运动

空中英语教室（高级版．彭蒙惠英语） 2024年第1期 12-13,40,41页

作者： robert Gauthier 不详

05加利福尼亚州弗农市有很多大型仓库和排放浓烟的工厂,而在这个城市的一处阴暗角落里,却隐藏着一个可能成为洛杉矶最酷地点的场所。洛杉矶现在是冰壶运动的盛行地.

关键词：大型仓库加利福尼亚州洛杉矶