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Organic acid blends improve intestinal integrity,modulate short-chain fatty acids profiles and alter microbiota of broilers under necrotic enteritis challenge

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Animal Nutrition 2022年第1期8卷 82-90页

作者： Alip Kumar Mehdi Toghyani Sarbast K.Kheravii Lane Pineda Yanming Han robert A.Swick Shu-biao Wu School of Environmental and Rural Science University of New EnglandArmidaleNSW2351Australia Trouw Nutrition R&D Stationsstraat 773811MHAmersfoortthe Netherlands School of Life and Environmental Sciences The University of SydneyNSW2006Australia

Controlling enteric diseases of broilers is *** many additives,organic acids(OA)and their blends are gaining attention to combat diseases in the post-antibiotic *** current study evaluated the potentials of short-chain fatty acids(SCFA)and medium-chain fatty acids(MCFA)blends and/or phenolic compounds on intestinal integrity,intestinal pH,caecal microbiota,and caecal SCFA profiles of broilers under necrotic enteritis(NE)*** additives used were:(A)a blend of SCFA,MCFA,and a phenolic compound(SMP),(b)a blend of free and buffered SCFA with MCFA(SMF),and(C)a blend of free and buffered SCFA with a high concentration of MCFA(SHM).A total of 1,404 male parental chicks of Ross 308 broilers were randomly allocated to 78 floor pens on hatching day with 6 treatments replicated 13 times with 18 birds per *** treatments were:UCC,unchallenged control;CHC,challenged control;bAC,challenged group plus zinc bacitracin;SMP,challenged group plus additive SMP;SMF,challenged group plus additive SMF;SHM,challenged group plus additive *** were challenged with field-strain Eimeria *** d 9 and Clostridium perfringens on d *** challenged with NE increased fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran(FITC-d)concentration in serum,reduced acetate and butyrate concentrations,and increased bacteroides and *** load in the caeca(Pbirds fed additives decreased FITC-d from gut to serum,reduced bacteroides(d 16,Pbutyrate(d 21,Pbut were not different from SMP and SMF *** the additives exhibited similar intestinal protection against NE compared to the bAC group indicated by FITC-d concentration in serum,acetate,propionate and butyrate concentrations in the caeca,and caecal bacterial loads except for the ***(P>0.05).The SMP group had a higher load compared to bAC(P<0.05).These findings

关键词： Organic acid blend Alternative to antibiotics Intestinal health Necrotic enteritis broiler chicken

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Total Syntheses of Favolasins A,E,G and K,Polyketides Isolated from Cultures of the basidiomycetes Fungi Favolaschia *** 18686 and Favolaschia calocera bCC 36684

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2023年第12期41卷 1450-1464页

作者： bingbing Sheng Ping Lan Jolynn Kiong Zeinab G. Khalil robert J. Capon Martin G.banwell Institute for Advanced and Applied Chemical Synthesis College of Pharmacy Jinan University Guangzhou Guangdong 510632 China Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM & New Drugs Research Jinan University Guangzhou Guangdong 510632 China Institute for Molecular bioscience The University of Queensland St Lucia QLD 4072 Australia Guangdong Key Laboratory for Research and the Development of Natural Drugs The Marine Biomedical Research Institute Guangdong Medical University Zhanjiang Guangdong 524023 China

The structures assigned to all four members,1-4,of the recently reported favolasin class of natural product have been prepared for the first time by chemical ***-Miyaura cross-coupling chemistry was used to establish the associated biaryl *** key step used in preparing the 1,5-benzodioxepin ring system associated with compounds 3 and 4 was the acid-catalyzed 7-exo-tet cyclization of an appropriately substituted 2-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)phenol while a base-promoted 6-exo-tet cyclization of the same substrate was used to construct the 2,3-dihydrobenzo[b][1,4]dioxine core of target *** spectral data derived from the four synthetically-produced favolasins matched those reported for the corresponding natural *** biological screening of compounds 1-3 as well as a suite of fourteen precursors reveal that they display no notable anti-bacterial,anti-fungal or anti-tumor activities but congener K(4)is active,in the mM range,against Plasmodium falciparum.

关键词： Total syntheses Favolasins Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling Acetalization Anti-malarial

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Creation and judicious application of a wheat resistance gene atlas

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Molecular Plant 2021年第7期14卷 1053-1070页

作者： Amber N.Hafeez Sanu Arora Sreya Ghosh David Gilbert robert L.bowden brande b.H.Wulff John Innes Centre Norwich Research ParkNorwichUK USDA-ARS Hard Winter Wheat Genetics Research UnitManhattanKS 66506USA

Disease-resistance(R)gene cloning in wheat(Triticum aestivum)has been accelerated by the recent surge of genomic resources,facilitated by advances in sequencing technologies and ***,with the challenges of population growth and climate change,it is vital not only to clone and functionally characterize a few handfuls of R genes,but also to do so at a scale that would facilitate the breeding and deployment of crops that can recognize the wide range of pathogen effectors that threaten *** populations are continually changing,and breeders must have tools and resources available to rapidly respond to those changes if we are to safeguard our daily *** meet this challenge,we propose the creation of a wheat R-gene atlas by an international community of researchers and *** atlas would consist of an online directory from which sources of resistance could be identified and deployed to achieve more durable resistance to the major wheat pathogens,such as wheat rusts,blotch diseases,powdery mildew,and wheat *** present a costed proposal detailing how the inter-acting molecular components governing disease resistance could be captured from both the host and the pathogen through biparental mapping,mutational genomics,and whole-genome association *** explore options for the configuration and genotyping of diversity panels of hexaploid and tetraploid wheat,as well as their wild relatives and major pathogens,and discuss how the atlas could inform a dynamic,durable approach to R-gene *** against the current magnitude of wheat yield losses worldwide,recently estimated at 21%,this endeavor presents one route for bringing R genes from the lab to the field at a considerable speed and quantity.

关键词： wheat Triticum aestivum disease resistance R genes association genetics gene stewardship durable resistance

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Dynamic materials fabricated from water soluble pillar[n]arenes bearing triethylene oxide groups

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2019年第2期30卷 271-276页

作者： Tangxin Xiao Ling Zhou Lixiang Xu Weiwei Zhong Wei Zhao Xiao-Qiang Sun robert b.P.Elmes School of Petrochemical Engineering Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center Changzhou University Department of Chemistry Maynooth University National University of Ireland

Pillar[n]arenes are a new kind of supramolecular macrocyclic hosts which have developed rapidly due to their unique topology and high functionality, giving rise to many applications in the construction of interesting and functional materials. Among them, water-soluble pillar[n]arenes bearing triethylene oxide (TEO) chains have drawn increasing research interest due to their advantageous properties. In this review, we summarized the recent progress of dynamic materials fabricated from water soluble pillar[n]arenes bearing TEO groups, including thermo responsive materials with lower critical solution temperature (LCST) behavior, cyclic host liquids, and smart windows. It is anticipated that more and more ‘smart' supramolecular materials based on modified pillar[n]arenes will be developed in this burgeoning area of research.

关键词： Pillar[n]arenes Host-guest interactions LCST Thermoresponsive materials Smart window

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A putative plant organelle RNA recognition protein gene is essential for maize kernel development

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Journal of Integrative Plant biology 2015年第3期57卷 236-246页

作者： Antony M.Chettoor Gibum Yi Elisa Gomez Gregorio Hueros robert b.Meeley Philip W.becraft Department of Genetics Development and Cell BiologyIowa State University Carnegie Institution of Science Plant Genomics and breeding Institute Seoul National University Department of biotechnology and biomedicine University of AlcalaUniversity Campus Du Pont Pioneer Department of Agronomy Iowa State University

basal endosperm transfer layer（bETL） cells are responsible for transferring apoplastic solutes from the maternal pedicel into the endosperm,supplying the grain with compounds required for embryo development and storage reserve ***,we analyze the maize（Zea mays L.） empty pericarp6（emp6） mutant,which causes early arrest in grain *** Emp6 tgene function is required independently in both the embryo and *** emp6 mutant causes a notable effect on the differentiation of bETL cells;the extensive cell wall ingrowths that distinguish bETL cells are diminished and bETL marker gene expression is compromised in mutant *** tagging identified the emp6 locus as encoding a putative plant organelle RNA recognition（PORR） protein,1 of 15 PORR family members in *** emp6 transcript is widely detected in plant tissues with highest Researclevels in embryos and developing ***6-green fluorescent protein（GFP） fusion proteins transiently expressed in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves were targeted specifically to *** results suggest that bETL cell differentiation might be particularly energy intensive,or alternatively,that mitochondria might confer a developmental function.

关键词： Empty pericarp endosperm mitochondria RNA processing transfer cell

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Coryphoid palms from the K-Pg boundary of central India and their biogeographical implications:Evidence from megafossil remains

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Plant Diversity 2023年第1期45卷 80-97页

作者： Sanchita Kumar Taposhi Hazra robert A.Spicer Manoshi Hazra Teresa E.V.Spicer Subir bera Mahasin Ali Khan Palaeobotany and Palynology Laboratory Department of BotanySidho-Kanho-Birsha UniversityRanchi RoadPurulia 723104India CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesMengla 666303PR China School of Environment Earth and Ecosystem SciencesThe Open UniversityMilton Keynes MK76AAUK Centre of Advanced Study Department of BotanyUniversity of Calcutta35B.C.RoadKolkata 700019India

Ten palm leaf impressions are documented from the latest Maastrichtian(late Cretaceous) to early Danian(earliest Paleocene) sediments(K-Pg,c.66-64 Ma) of the Mandla Lobe of the Deccan Intertrappean beds,Madhya Pradesh,central *** palmate leaf shape along with a definite wellpreserved costa support their placement in the subfamily Coryphoideae of the family *** place all recovered palm leaf specimens in the fossil genus Sabalites,report seven species of coryphoid palms and describe two new species namely,Sabalities umariaensis *** Sabalites ghughuaensis *** fossils indicate that coryphoid palms were highly diverse in central India by the latest *** and earlier reported coryphoid palm fossils from the same locality indicate that they experienced a warm and humid tropical environment during the time of *** discoveries confirm the presence of a diversity of Coryphoideae in Gondwana prior to the India-Eurasia collision and provide information about coryphoid biogeographical history over geological *** on megafossil remains,we trace coryphoid palm migration pathways from India to mainland Southeast(SE) Asia and other parts of Asia after the docking of the Indian subcontinent with Eurasia early in the Paleogene.

关键词： Coryphoideae Leaf fossils Late cretaceous-early paleocene Paleobiogeography Paleoclimate Madhya Pradesh

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Identification of four novel DC-SIGN ligands on Mycobacterium bovis bCG

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Protein & Cell 2010年第9期1卷 859-870页

作者： Maria V.Carroll robert b.Sim Fabiana bigi Anne Jäkel Robin Antrobus Daniel A.Mitchell Department of Pharmacology University of OxfordMansfield RoadOxford OX13QTUK Institute of biotechnology CICVyA-INTALos Reseros y Las Cabañas1712 CastelarArgentina Cambridge Institute of Medical Research Addenbrooke’s HospitalHills RoadCambridge CB20XYUK CSRI-UHCW Walsgrave Campus University of WarwickCoventryCV22DXUK

Dendritic-cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3-grabbing non-integrin(DC-SIGN;CD209)has an important role in mediating adherence of Mycobacteria species,including *** and *** bCG to human dendritic cells and macrophages,in which these bacteria can survive ***-SIGN is a C-type lectin,and interactions with mycobacterial cells are believed to occur via mannosylated structures on the mycobacterial *** studies suggest more varied modes of binding to multiple mycobacterial *** we identify,by affinity chromatography and mass-spectrometry,four novel ligands of *** bCG that bind to *** novel ligands are chaperone protein DnaK,60 kDa chaperonin-1(Cpn60.1),glyceraldehyde-3 phosphate dehydrogenase(GAPDH)and lipoprotein *** published work strongly suggests that these are on the cell *** these ligands,lprG appears to bind DC-SIGN via typical proteinglycan interactions,but DnaK and Cpn60.1 binding do not show evidence of carbohydrate-dependent *** was also identified as a ligand for DC-SIGNR(L-SIGN;CD299)and the *** orthologue of lprG has been found previously to interact with human toll-like receptor ***,these findings offer new targets for combating mycobacterial adhesion and within-host survival,and reinforce the role of DCSIGN as an important host ligand in mycobacterial infection.

关键词： DC-SIGN Mycobacteria lectins

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Siwalik plant megafossil diversity in the Eastern Himalayas: A review

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Plant Diversity 2023年第3期45卷 243-264页

作者： Mahasin Ali Khan Sumana Mahato robert A.Spicer Teresa E.V.Spicer Ashif Ali Taposhi Hazra Subir bera Palaeobotany and Palynology Laboratory Department of BotanySidho-Kanho-Birsha UniversityRanchi RoadPurulia 723104India CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesMengla 666303PR China School of Environment Earth and Ecosystem SciencesThe Open UniversityMilton KeynesMK76AAUK Centre of Advanced Study Department of BotanyUniversity of Calcutta35B.C.RoadKolkata 700019India

The Eastern Himalayas are renowned for their high plant *** understand how this modern botanical richness formed,it is critical to investigate past plant biodiversity preserved as fossils throughout the eastern Himalayan Siwalik succession(middle Miocene-early Pleistocene).Here,we present a summary of plant diversity records that document Neogene floristic and climate *** do this by compiling published records of megafossil plant remains,because these offer better spatial and temporal resolution than do palynological *** of the Siwalik floral assemblages based on the distribution of the nearest living relative taxa suggest that a tropical wet evergreen forest was growing in a warm humid monsoonal climate at the deposition *** qualitative interpretation is also corroborated by published CLAMP(Climate Leaf Analysis Multivariate Program) ***,we also reconstruct the climate by applying a new common proxy WorldClim2 *** allows the detection of subtle climate differences between floral assemblages free of artefacts introduced by using different methodologies and climate *** analysis of the Siwalik floras indicates that there was a gradual change in floral *** lower Siwalik assemblages provide evidence of a predominance of evergreen *** increase in deciduous elements in the floral composition is noticed towards the close of the middle Siwalik and the beginning of the upper Siwalik *** change reflects a climatic difference between Miocene and Plio-Pleistocene *** review helps us to understand under what paleoenvironmental conditions plant diversity occurred and evolved in the eastern Himalayas throughout the Cenozoic.

关键词： Megafossils Siwalik MiocenePleistocene Palaeovegetation Palaeoenvironment Eastern Himalayas

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Navigated liver surgery:State of the art and future perspectives

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2022年第3期21卷 226-233页

作者： Paschalis Gavriilidis bjørn Edwin Egidijus Pelanis Ernest Hidalgo Nicola de’Angelis Riccardo Memeo Luca Aldrighetti robert P Sutcliffe Department of Hepato-Pancreato-biliary and Liver Transplant Surgery Queen Elizabeth University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation TrustB152THUK The Intervention Centre and Department of HPb Surgery Oslo University Hospital and Faculty of MedicineUniversity of OsloOsloNorway Department of Hepato-Pancreatico-biliary Surgery and Transplantation Hospital Universitari Vall d’HebronBarcelonaSpain Department of Digestive Surgery University Hospital Henri Mondor(AP-HP)94010 Creteil and University of Paris EstCreteilFrance Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery Miulli HospitalAcquaviva delle FontiBari 70021Italy Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery San Raffaele HospitalVia Olgettina 60Milan 20132Italy

background:In recent years,the development of digital imaging technology has had a significant influence in liver *** ability to obtain a 3-dimensional(3D)visualization of the liver anatomy has provided surgery with virtual reality of simulation 3D computer models,3D printing models and more recently holograms and augmented reality(when virtual reality knowledge is superimposed onto reality).In addition,the utilization of real-time fluorescent imaging techniques based on indocyanine green(ICG)uptake allows clinicians to precisely delineate the liver anatomy and/or tumors within the parenchyma,applying the knowledge obtained preoperatively through digital *** combination of both has transformed the abstract thinking until now based on 2D imaging into a 3D preoperative conception(virtual reality),enhanced with real-time visualization of the fluorescent liver structures,effectively facilitating intraoperative navigated liver surgery(augmented reality).Data sources:A literature search was performed from inception until January 2021 in MEDLINE(Pub Med),Embase,Cochrane library and database for systematic reviews(CDSR),Google Scholar,and National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence(NICE)***:Fifty-one pertinent articles were retrieved and *** different types of digital imaging technologies and the real-time navigated liver surgery were estimated and ***:ICG fluorescent imaging techniques can contribute essentially to the real-time definition of liver segments;as a result,precise hepatic resection can be guided by the presence of ***,3D models can help essentially to further advancing of precision in hepatic surgery by permitting estimation of liver volume and functional liver remnant,delineation of resection lines along the liver segments and evaluation of tumor *** liver transplantation and especially in living donor liver transplantation(LDLT),3D printed models of the donor’s live

关键词： Navigated Hepatic surgery 3D Computer assistance Image guidance Image guided surgery Indocyanine green 3D print Visual simulation Virtual reality Augmented reality Real-time navigated liver surgery

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Evaluation of an interactive virtual surgical rotation during the COVID-19 pandemic

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2022年第4期8卷 302-307页

作者： Yasmeen M.byrnes Neil N.Luu Ariel S.Frost Tiffany N.Chao robert M.brody Steven b.Cannady Karthik Rajasekaran Rabie M.Shanti Jason G.Newman Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania Jordan Medical Education Center3400 Civic Center BlvdPhiladelphia19104PAUSA Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head& Neck SurgeryHospital of the University of Pennsylvania3400 Spruce StreetPhiladelphia19104PAUSA

Objective:To evaluate medical student and attending surgeon experiences with a novel interactive virtual Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery(OHNS)medical student elective during the COVID-19 *** Design:A virtual OHNS elective was created,with three components:(1)interactive virtual operating room(OR)experience using live-stream video-conferencing,(2)telehealth clinic,(3)virtual ***:OHNS Department at the University of Pennsylvania(May 2020 to June 2020).Methods:Six medical students from the University of Pennsylvania;five attending *** surveys were designed and distributed to participating medical students and attending *** included 5-point Likert scale items,with 1 indicating"not at all"and 5 indicating"very much so".Results:Response rate was 100%for both *** on average rated the educational value of the telehealth experience as 4.2±1.2,and the virtual OR experience as 4.0±*** students(n=5,83%)indicated that they had enough exposure to faculty they met on this rotation to ask for a letter of recommendation(LOR)for residency if needed,while attending surgeons had an average response of 3.0±1.0 when asked how comfortable they would feel writing a LOR for a student they met through the rotation.A majority of students(n=4,67%)felt they connected enough with faculty during the rotation to ask for *** the students(n=5,50%)indicated that the rotation allowed them to evaluate the department's culture either"extremely well"or"somewhat well".Conclusions:Overall,participating students described this innovative virtual surgical rotation as an educationally and professionally valuable *** the continued suspension of visiting student rotations due to the COVID-19 pandemic,this virtual model may have continued relevance to medical education.

关键词： Virtual surgical education Otolaryngology Undergraduate medical education Covid-19 Telemedicine Surgical video capture

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