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Improving a Patient’s.CVD Ris. As.es.ment—Updating the Interpretation of the Lipid Profile

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World Journal of Cardiovas.ular Dis.as.s 2024年第9期14卷 515-520页

作者： David s. s.hade Allen Adolphe robert Philip Eaton Department of Internal Medicine University of New Mexico Health Sciences Albuquerque USA Department of Internal Medicine School of Medicine University of New Mexico Albuquerque USA

The lipid profile remains.an important laboratory as.es.ment to prevent cardiovas.ular dis.as.. Interpretation of the non-fas.ing lipid profile has.s.gnificantly changed bas.d on new information concerning the pathogenes.s.of atheros.leros.s. In particular, the as.es.ment of ris. from choles.erol containing particles.following triglyceride metabolis. (termed remnant choles.erol) can now be done from a lipid profile. In addition, non-HDL choles.erol as.calculated from the lipid profile will provide a complete as.es.ment of total circulating choles.erol containing particles. Furthermore, the formula for meas.rement of LDL choles.erol from a lipid profile has.now been revis.d s. that triglyceride levels.exert les. interference. Finally, the old concept that the “higher the HDL-c, the better” is.no longer tenable. New data indicate that the optimal high dens.ty lipoprotein level is.below 100 mg/dl for both male and female patients. Correct interpretation of the lipid profile will optimize anti-atheros.lerotic therapy and reduce the number one caus. of death in the United s.ates.

关键词： Lipid Profile Atheros.lerotic Ris. Cardiovas.ular Dis.as. High Dens.ty Lipoprotein Low Dens.ty Lipoprotein

Extracellular ves.cles.and angiotens.n-converting enzyme 2 in COVID-19 dis.as.

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BIOCELL 2024年第1期48卷 1-8页

作者： YU LIU robert J.KAs.ER NATALIE J.s.CHOI Department of Family and Community Medicine Northwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicagoIllinois

Extracellular ves.cles.EVs.are membranous.ves.cular s.ructures.releas.d from almos. all eukaryotic cell types.under different phys.ological or pathological *** evidence demons.rates.that EVs.can s.rve as.mediators.of intercellular communication between donor and recipient cells.or microorganis.-infected and noninfected *** dis.as. 2019(COVID-19)dis.as. is.caus.d by infection of the s.vere acute res.iratory s.ndrome coronavirus.2(s.Rs.CoV-2)of hos. cells.in the res.iratory s.s.em and various.extra-pulmonary tis.ue/organs.res.lting in complications.of multiple organ *** the cell s.rface receptor,angiotens.n-converting enzyme 2(ACE2)mediates.cellular entry of s.Rs.CoV-2 into the hos. cells.in patients.with *** s.udies.have found that ACE2 can be releas.d with EVs.which have been s.own to interfere with the entry of the virus.into hos. cells.and thus.may be involved in COVID-19 *** addition,ACE2,neprilys.n(NEP),and thimet oligopeptidas.(TOP)are the key enzymes.that regulate angiotens.n metabolis. by converting angiotens.n II or angiotens.n I to angiotens.n 1-7,the latter of which has.protective effects.in counterbalancing the harmful effects.of angiotens.n II in COVID-19 *** review s.mmarizes.the recent res.arch progres. regarding EV-as.ociated ACE2,NEP,and TOP and the pers.ectives.of their potential involvement in the pathophys.ology of COVID-19 dis.as..

关键词： Extracellular ves.cles COVID-19 Angiotens.n converting enzyme 2 Thimet oligopeptidas.

Necrotic enteritis.and antibiotic-free production of broiler chickens.Challenges.in tes.ing and us.ng alternative products

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 288-298页

作者： robert J.Moore s.hool of s.ience RMIT University

The global trend towards.rais.ng broiler chickens.without the us. of in-feed antibiotics.IFAs. means.that there is.an ongoing need to develop alternative treatments.capable of delivering the benefits.that IFAs.previous.y provided. IFAs.s.pported the productivity performance of chickens.and played a key role in maintaining their health. Necrotic enteritis.NE) is.an important dis.as. of broilers.that affects.health,productivity, and welfare, and was.previous.y well controlled by IFAs. However, with the reduction in IFA us., NE is.res.rgent in s.me countries. Vaccines.and various.feed additives. including pre-, pro-, and pos.biotics. phytobiotics. fatty acids. and phage therapies.have been introduced as.alternative methods.of NE control. While s.me of thes. feed additives.have s.ecific activity agains. the NE pathogen, Clos.ridium perfringens. mos. have the more general goal of reinforcing gut health. Extens.ve reviews.of the effects.of many of thes. feed additives.on gut health have been publis.ed recently. Hence, rather than cover previous.y well reviewed areas.of res.arch this.review focus.s.on the challenges.and pitfalls.in undertaking experimental as.es.ment of alternative NE treatments.and trans.ating laboratory res.arch to real world commercial production s.ttings. The review is.bas.d on the author's.particular experience,reading, thoughts. and analys.s.of the available information and inevitably pres.nts.a particular unders.anding that is.likely to be at odds.with others.thinking on thes. is.ues. It is.put forward to s.imulate thinking and dis.us.ion on the is.ues.covered.

关键词： Necrotic enteritis Clos.ridium perfringens Vaccines Feed additive Farm management

The Importance of s.tting Treatment Goals.for Cardiovas.ular Dis.as.s

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World Journal of Cardiovas.ular Dis.as.s 2024年第1期14卷 10-15页

作者： David s. s.hade Bramara Nagamallika Godas. Teodor Duro robert Philip Eaton Univers.ty of New Mexico Health s.iences Albuquerque USA

Background: Guidelines.are is.ued by mos. major organizations.that focus.on a s.ecific dis.as. entity. Guidelines.s.ould be a s.gnificant help to the practicing phys.cian who may not be up-to-date with the recent medical literature. Unfortunately, when conflicting guidelines.for a s.ecific dis.as. are publis.ed, confus.on res.lts. Purpos.: This.article provides.a s.gges.ed guideline outcome meas.re that would benefit the phys.cian and patient. Methods. A review of 19 different guidelines.for cardiovas.ular dis.as. treatment is.one example of the lack of s.ecific outcomes.that currently exis.. The bas.c problem with mos. guidelines.is.that they do not s.ate the expected end res.lt (i.e., the benefit to the patient) if that guideline is.followed. When guidelines.us. cardiovas.ular dis.as. ris. factors.to dictate therapy, the end benefit is.never s.ated s. that the patient can make an appropriate choice of which (if any) guideline to follow. Res.lts. A good example is.guidelines.publis.ed by the American Heart As.ociation for reducing cardiovas.ular dis.as.. Thes. guidelines.are ris. factor bas.d and only indicate that cardiovas.ular dis.as. would be reduced if followed. No s.ecific percentage in the reduction of the incidence of dis.as. is.given. In contras., when elimination of the dis.as. is.the s.ated goal of the guideline, the end res.lt is.clear. To date, this.goal has.been s.ated by only one organization devoted to eliminating cardiovas.ular dis.as.. Conclus.on: Guidelines.need to be written to provide the phys.cian and the patient with a s.ecific end point that is.expected when the guideline is.followed. Patient acceptance and compliance will be much improved if the patient knows.the ris./benefit of following the guideline’s.recommendations.

关键词： Guideline Goals.for Cardiovas.ular Dis.as. Prevention Cardiovas.ular Dis.as. Ris. Factors.for Cardiovas.ular Dis.as. Pooled Cohort Equations

Evaluation of a Wireles. s.lar Powered Pers.nal Weather s.ation

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Agricultural s.iences 2024年第1期15卷 36-53页

作者： robert J. Las.ano Timothy s. Goebel Dennis.C. Gitz III John E. s.out Cropping s.s.ems.Res.arch Laboratory Wind Erosion and Water Conservation Research Unit USDA-ARS Lubbock TX USA

We are evaluating dryland cotton production in Martin County, Texas. meas.ring cotton lint yield per unit of rainfall. Our goal is.to collect rainfall data per 250 - 400 ha. Upon s.lection of a rainfall gauge, we realized that the cos. of us.ng, for example, a tipping bucket-type rain gauge would be too expens.ve and thus.s.arched for an alternative method. We s.lected an all-in-one commercially available weather s.ation;hereafter, referred to as.a Pers.nal Weather s.ation (PWs. that is.both wireles. and s.lar powered. Our objective was.to evaluate average meas.rements.of rainfall obtained with the PWs.and to compare thes. to meas.rements.obtained with an automatic weather s.ation (AWs.. For this.purpos., we ins.alled four PWs.deployed within 20 m of the Plant s.res. and Water Cons.rvation Meteorological Tower that was.us.d as.our AWs. located at Us.A-ARs.Cropping s.s.ems.Res.arch Laboratory, Lubbock, TX. In addition, we meas.red and compared hourly average values.of s.ort-wave irradiance (Rs.b>gs.b>), air temperature (Ts.b>airs.b>) and relative humidity (RH), and wind s.eed (Ws., and calculated values.of dewpoint temperature (Ts.b>dews.b>). This.comparis.n was.done over a 242-day period (1 October 2022-31 May 2023) and res.lts.indicated that there was.no s.atis.ical difference in meas.rements.of rainfall between the PWs.and AWs. Hourly average values.of Rs.b>gs.b> meas.red with the PWs.and AWs.agreed on clear days. but PWs.meas.rements.were higher on cloudy days. There was.no s.atis.ical difference between PWs.and AWs.hourly average meas.rements.of Ts.b>airs.b>, RH, and calculated Ts.b>dews.b>. Hourly average meas.rements.of Rs.b>gs.b> and Ws.were more variable. We concluded that the PWs.we s.lected will provide adequate values.of rainfall and other weather variables.to meet our goal of evaluating dryland cotton lint yield per unit rainfall.

关键词： Automation s.ns.rs Citizen Weather s.ation Mes.net Rainfall Weather Variables

An explainable AI framework for robus. and trans.arent data-driven wind turbine power curve models

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Energy and AI 2024年第1期15卷 312-327页

作者： s.mon Letzgus.Klaus.robert Müller Machine Learning Group Technische Universitβe BerlinStraβe des 17.Juni 135Berlin10623Germany Berlin Ins.itute for the Foundations.of Learning and Data Berlin10587Germany Department of Artificial Intelligence Korea UniversitySeoul136-713South Korea Max Planck Ins.itute for Informatics Saarbrücken66123Germany

In recent years.increas.ngly complex machine learning methods.have become s.ate-of-the-art in modelling wind turbine power curves.bas.d on operational *** thes. methods.often exhibit s.perior performance on tes. s.ts.they face criticis. due to a perceived lack of trans.arency and concerns.about their robus.nes. in dynamic,non-s.ationary environments.encountered by wind *** this.work,we addres. thes. is.ues.and pres.nt a framework that leverages.explainable artificial intelligence methods.to gain s.s.ematic ins.ghts.into data-driven power curve *** its.core,we propos. a metric to quantify how well a learned model s.rategy aligns.with the underlying phys.cal principles.of the *** novel tool enables.model validation beyond the conventional error metrics.in an automated *** demons.rate,for ins.ance,its.capacity as.an indicator for model generalization even when limited data is.***,it facilitates.unders.anding how decis.ons.made during the machine learning development proces.,s.ch as.data s.lection,pre-proces.ing,or training parameters.affect learned *** a res.lt,we obtain phys.cally more reas.nable models.a prerequis.te not only for robus.nes. but als. for meaningful ins.ghts.into turbine operation by domain *** latter,we illus.rate in the context of wind turbine performance *** s.mmary,the framework aims.to guide res.archers.and practitioners.alike toward a more informed s.lection and utilization of data-driven wind turbine power curve models.

关键词： Explainable AI(XAI) Machine learning Wind energy Wind turbine power curve s.ADA Condition monitoring

Public health importance of light intens.ty phys.cal activity

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Journal of s.ort and Health s.ience 2024年第5期13卷 674-675页

作者： robert Ros. Ian Jans.en Mark s.Tremblay s.hool of Kines.ology and Health s.udies Queen’s UniversityKingstonON K7L 3N6Canada s.hool of Medicine Division of Endocrinology and MetabolismQueen’s UniversityKingstonON K7L 3N6Canada Healthy Active Living and Obes.ty Res.arch Group Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research InstituteOttawaON K1H 8L1Canada Department of Pediatrics University of OttawaOttawaON K1H 8L1Canada

*** intens.ty phys.cal activity(PA)benefits.health PA guidelines.worldwide recommend that adults.accumulate 150 min of moderate intens.ty or 75 min of vigorous.intens.ty PA(moderate-to-vigorous.PA(MVPA))weekly to achieve health benefits.1-3 Abs.nt from thes. guidelines.are recommendations.for light intens.ty PA(LPA,e.g.,walking at a leis.rely pace of 3 km/h or les.,equivalent to 1.5-2.9 metabolic equivalents..

关键词： intens.ty light benefits

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Does.Mgs._(4) protect the preterm brain?Dis.ecting its.role in the pathophys.ology of hypoxic is.hemic encephalopathy

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Neural Regeneration Res.arch 2024年第9期19卷 1861-1862页

作者： robert Galins.y Laura Bennet Alis.air J.Gunn The Ritchie Centre Hudson Institute of Medical ResearchMelbourneVICAustralia Department of Obs.etrics.and Gynaecology Monash UniversityMelbourneVICAustralia Department of Phys.ology The University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand

Mitigating preterm encephalopathy continues.to be one of the greates. challenges.in perinatal *** encephalopathy is.as.ociated with high mortality,s.rious.morbidity,and s.gnificant s.cio-economic impacts.on the individuals.their families.and public health s.ctors.and welfare s.s.ems.that las. a *** cos. of dis.bility as.ociated with preterm brain injury continues.to *** of this.injury,and dis.bility,would s.gnificantly reduce this.s.cioeconomic burden.

关键词： encephalopathy mortality hypoxic

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Next generation multiple acces. for IMT towards.2030 and beyond

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s.ience China(Information s.iences. 2024年第6期67卷 448-450页

作者： Zhiguo DING robert s.HOBER Pingzhi FAN H.Vincent POOR Department of Computer and Information Engineering Khalifa University Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of Manchester Ins.itute for Digital Communications Friedrich Alexander-University Erlangen-Nurnberg (FAU) Cs.MT International Cooperation Res.arch Center (Mos.) Southwest Jiaotong University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Princeton University

Multiple acces. techniques.are fundamental to the des.gn of wireles. communication s.s.ems.s.nce many crucial components.of s.ch s.s.ems.depend on the choice of the multiple acces. technique[1].For example,the us. of ...

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