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The First global Map of Atmospheric Ammonia(NH_(3)) as Observed by the HIRAS/FY-3D Satellite

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第3期41卷 379-390页

作者： Minqiang ZHOU Zhili DENg Charles robert Xingying ZHANg Lu ZHANg Yapeng WANg Chengli QI Pucai WANg Martine De MAZIÈRE Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Royal Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy(BIRA-IASB) Brussels 1180Belgium National Satellite Meteorology Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China Department of Science&Technology and Climate Change China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 100081China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Atmospheric ammonia(NH_(3)) is a chemically active trace gas that plays an important role in the atmospheric environment and climate change. Satellite remote sensing is a powerful technique to monitor NH_(3) concentration based on the absorption lines of NH_(3) in the thermal infrared region. In this study, we establish a retrieval algorithm to derive the NH_(3)column from the Hyperspectral Infrared Atmospheric Sounder(HIRAS) onboard the Chinese Feng Yun(FY)-3D satellite and present the first atmospheric NH_(3) column global map observed by the HIRAS instrument. The HIRAS observations can well capture NH_(3) hotspots around the world, e.g., India, West Africa, and East China, where large NH_(3) emissions exist. The HIRAS NH_(3) columns are also compared to the space-based Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer(IASI)measurements, and we find that the two instruments observe a consistent NH_(3) global distribution, with correlation coefficient(R) values of 0.28–0.73. Finally, some remaining issues about the HIRAS NH_(3) retrieval are discussed.

关键词： ammonia HIRAS/FY-3D satellite thermal-infrared observation remote sensing optimal estimation method

水基Ag-SiO_(2)纳米流体分频光伏/光热集热器功能单元性能实验研究

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新能源进展 2024年第4期12卷 425-430页

作者：刘仙萍田东 TAYLOR robert A 湖南科技大学土木工程学院湖南湘潭411201 新南威尔士大学机械与制造工程学院澳大利亚新南威尔士州悉尼2052

以纳米流体分频的光伏/光热(PV/T)集热器能使光伏和光热模块的工作温度解耦,从而获得更高的太阳能综合利用效率。以水基Ag-SiO_(2)纳米流体为分频液和集热工质,设计新型的分频PV/T集热器结构,研究在Ag-SiO_(2)纳米流体4种质量浓度和运... 详细信息

以纳米流体分频的光伏/光热(PV/T)集热器能使光伏和光热模块的工作温度解耦,从而获得更高的太阳能综合利用效率。以水基Ag-SiO_(2)纳米流体为分频液和集热工质,设计新型的分频PV/T集热器结构,研究在Ag-SiO_(2)纳米流体4种质量浓度和运行条件下,分频PV/T集热器功能单元的热、电性能。结果表明:Ag-SiO_(2)纳米流体的质量浓度显著影响PV/T集热器功能单元的性能,质量浓度为0.025%时,综合效率约为63.21%,比水为分频流体时的综合效率提升约38.04%;得出水基Ag-SiO_(2)纳米流体分频时PV/T集热器功能单元的热、电效率和综合效率与不同纳米颗粒质量浓度的拟合关系式,为通过控制纳米流体质量浓度参数从而调节PV/T集热器的热、电输出提供理论依据。

关键词：太阳能纳米流体光谱分频 PV/T 质量浓度

水基Ag-SiO纳米流体分频光伏/光热集热器功能单元性能实验研究

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新能源进展 2024年

作者：刘仙萍田东 TAYLOR robert A 湖南科技大学土木工程学院新南威尔士大学机械与制造工程学院

以纳米流体分频的光伏/光热（PV/T）集热器能使光伏和光热模块的工作温度解耦，从而获得更高的太阳能综合利用效率。以水基Ag-SiO2纳米流体为分频液和集热工质，设计新型的分频PV/T集热器结构，研究在Ag-SiO2纳米流体4种质量浓度和运行... 详细信息

以纳米流体分频的光伏/光热（PV/T）集热器能使光伏和光热模块的工作温度解耦，从而获得更高的太阳能综合利用效率。以水基Ag-SiO2纳米流体为分频液和集热工质，设计新型的分频PV/T集热器结构，研究在Ag-SiO2纳米流体4种质量浓度和运行条件下，分频PV/T集热器功能单元的热、电性能。结果表明：Ag-SiO2纳米流体的质量浓度显著影响PV/T集热器功能单元的性能，质量浓度为0.025%时，综合效率约为63.21%，比水为分频流体时的综合效率提升约38.04%；得出水基Ag-SiO2纳米流体分频时PV/T集热器功能单元的热、电效率和综合效率与不同纳米颗粒质量浓度的拟合关系式，为通过控制纳米流体质量浓度参数从而调节PV/T集热器的热、电输出提供理论依据。

关键词：太阳能纳米流体光谱分频光伏/光热系统质量浓度

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澳大利亚洞穴岩画的保护

内蒙古艺术学院学报 2024年第2期21卷 66-79页

作者： [澳大利亚]robert g.Bednarik 张嘉馨(译) 王荟(校) 国际岩画联合会(IFRAO) 维多利亚州澳大利亚3162 中国社会科学院民族学与人类学研究所北京100081 集美大学福建厦门361021

制定澳大利亚洞穴岩画国家管理计划的一个关键原因在于54个已知洞穴岩画遗址分布于多个不同语言群体的传统领地上,这些遗址既有私人土地、公共土地,也有松树种植园,且分布在不同州,管理体系不同;复杂的管理结构不利于洞穴岩画的统一保... 详细信息

制定澳大利亚洞穴岩画国家管理计划的一个关键原因在于54个已知洞穴岩画遗址分布于多个不同语言群体的传统领地上,这些遗址既有私人土地、公共土地,也有松树种植园,且分布在不同州,管理体系不同;复杂的管理结构不利于洞穴岩画的统一保护。虽然已根据现行管理措施对一些遗址进行了保护管理,但大部分遗址尚未得到妥善管理。鉴于所有遗址均面临相同的保护挑战,亟需一个统一而有效的保护机制。本文详尽列出了实现该目标的关键因素,并指出所有遗址均不适宜发展旅游业。人类参观活动是洞穴内岩画保护的最大威胁。建议可以考虑制作洞穴岩画复制品,法国和西班牙的实践经验均证实了这一方式是成功的。本管理计划建议成立一个负责所有澳大利亚洞穴岩画遗址的永久性保护的机构。

关键词：洞穴岩画岩画保护澳大利亚岩画

A circular single-stranded DNA mycovirus infects plants and confers broad-spectrum fungal resistance

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Molecular Plant 2024年第6期17卷 955-971页

作者： Xianhong Wang Ioly Kotta-Loizou robert H.A.Coutts Huifang Deng Zhenhao Han Ni Hong Karim Shafik Liping Wang Yashuang guo Mengmeng Yang Wenxing Xu guoping Wang National Key Laboratory for germplasm Innovation&Utilization of Horticultural Crops Wuhan 430070China Hubei Hongshan Laboratory Wuhan 430070China College of Plant Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China Key Lab of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province Wuhan 430070China Department of Life Sciences Faculty of Natural SciencesImperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUK Department of Clinical Pharmaceutical and Biological ScienceSchool of Life and Medical SciencesUniversity of HertfordshireHatfield AL109ABUK Department of Plant Pathology Faculty of AgricultureAlexandria UniversityAlexandria 21526Egypt

Circular single-stranded DNA(ssDNA)viruses have been rarely found in fungi,and the evolutionary and ecological relationships among ssDNA viruses infecting fungi and other organisms remain *** this study,a novel circular ssDNA virus,tentatively named Diaporthe sojae circular DNA virus 1(DsCDV1),was identified in the phytopathogenic fungus Diaporthe sojae isolated from pear ***1 has a monopartite genome(3185 nt in size)encapsidated in isometric virions(21-26 nm in diameter).The genome comprises seven putative open reading frames encoding a discrete replicase(Rep)split by an intergenic region,a putative capsid protein(CP),several proteins of unknown function(P1-P4),and a long intergenic ***,the two split parts of DsCDV1 Rep share high identities with the Reps of geminiviridae and genomoviridae,respectively,indicating an evolutionary linkage with both *** analysis based on Rep or CP sequences placed DsCDV1 in a unique cluster,supporting the establishment of a new family,tentatively named gegemycoviridae,intermediate to both ***1 significantly attenuates fungal growth and nearly erases fungal virulence when transfected into the host ***,DsCDV1 can systematically infect tobacco and pear seedlings,providing broad-spectrum resistance to fungal *** localization analysis revealed that DsCDV1 P3 is systematically localized in the plasmodesmata,while its expression in trans-complementation experiments could restore systematic infection of a movement-deficient plant virus,suggesting that P3 is a movement ***1 exhibits unique molecular and biological traits not observed in other ssDNA viruses,serving as a link between fungal and plant ssDNA viruses and presenting an evolutionary connection between ssDNA viruses and *** findings contribute to expanding our understanding of ssDNA virus diversity and evolution,offering potential biocontrol applications for managing crucial plant d

关键词： circular single-stranded DNA virus mycovirus virus evolution genomoviridae gegemycoviridae Diaporthe sojae circular DNA virus 1

global prevalence and gender inequalities in at least 60 min of self-reported moderate-to-vigorous physical activity 1 or more days per week:An analysis with 707,616 adolescents

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第5期13卷 709-716页

作者： Raphael H.O.Araujo AndrúO.Werneck Clarice L.Martins Luciana L.Barboza Rafael M.Tassitano Nicolas Aguilar-Farias gilmar M.Jesus Robinson Ramírez-Véelez Riki Tesler Adewale L.Oyeyemi Ellen C.M.Silva robert g.Weaver Mark S.Tremblay Javier Brazo-Sayavera grégore I.Mielke Danilo R.P.Silva graduation Program in Health Sciences Londrina State University(UEL)Londrina 86057-970Brazil Center for Epidemiological Research in Nutrition and Health Department of NutritionSchool of Public HealthUniversidade de Sao Paulo(USP)Sao Paulo 01246-904Brazil Department of Physical Education Federal University of ParaıbaParaıba 58051-900Brazil Research Centre of Physical Activity Health and LeisureFaculty of SportsLaboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health(ITR)University of PortoPorto 4500Portugal Postgraduate Program in Physical Education University of BrasıliaBrasılia 70910-900Brazil Department of Kinesiology and Community Health University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignChampaignIL 61801-3841USA Department of Physical Education Sports and RecreationUniversidad de La FronteraTemuco 4680000Chile Department of Health State University of Feira de SantanaFeira de Santana 44036-900Brazil Navarrabiomed Hospital Universitario de Navarra(HUN)Navarra Institute for Health Research(IdiSNA)Universidad Publica de Navarra(UPNA)Pamplona 31006Spain Facultad de Ciencias de la Educacion Unidad Central del Valle del Cauca(UCEVA)TuluaValle del Cauca 763022Colombia Health Management Department Faculty of Heath sciencesAriel UniversityAriel 40700Israel College of Health Solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85004USA Arnold School of Public Health University of South CarolinaColumbiaSC 29208USA Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research group Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research InstituteOttawaON K1H 8L1Canada Department of Pediatrics University of OttawaOttawaON K1H 8L1Canada Department of Health Sciences Carleton UniversityOttawaON K1S 5B6Canada Department of Sports and Computer Science Universidad Pablo de Olavide(UPO)Seville 41013Spain Centro Universitario Regional Noreste Universidad de la RepublicaRivera 40000Uruguay School of Public Health The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4006Australia Department of Physical Education

Background:guidelines recommend that adolescents should accumulate an average of 60 min per day of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity(MVPA).However,using only this cut-off could hide important *** instance,from a population-level point of view,increasing physical activity for those with no or low physical activity could provide more health benefits than increasing physical activity for those with intermediate ***,including a more sensitive cut-point of≥1 days per week could be an additional strategy for identifying those with low access/opportunities for physical activity ***,the current study aims to estimate the prevalence of≥60 min of MVPA≥1 days per week among adolescents globally,and to describe any relevant gender ***:We used representative datasets from 146 countries/territories collected between 2003 and *** was *** were grouped into younger(≤14 years old)and older(>14 years old)*** Poisson regression models were used to identify the relative differences in≥60 min of MVPA≥1 days per week between boys and girls,and random-effects meta-analysis models were used to identify the pooled *** were stratified by country and ***:Approximately 80%of both younger and older adolescents reported≥60 min of MVPA≥1 days per *** prevalence was≥94%in Europe and Central Asia and North America,while the estimates for the other regions weregher among boys than girls,with the largest differences occurring among the oldest adolescents(Prevalence ratio_(≤14y)=1.04(95%confidence interval(95%CI)):1.03-1.04)*** ratio_(>14y)=1.09(95%CI:1.08-1.10)).Conclusion:Approximately 8 out of 10 adolescents reported accumulating≥60 min of MVPA≥1 days per week,with notable differences between *** differences were observed in several countries,especially among the oldest *** fo

关键词： global School-based Student Health Survey Health Behaviour Among School-aged Children survey Inequality Surveillance Youth

Controversies in and challenges to our understanding of hepatitis C

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World Journal of gastroenterology 2007年第31期13卷 4168-4176页

作者： robert g Batey Area Director Drug and Alcohol Clinical Services Hunter New England Area Health Services. Newcastle New South Wales Australia

Discovered in 1989, the hepatitis C virus (HCV) continues to cause signifi cant morbidity and mortality world-wide despite a huge research commitment to defining and understanding the virus and the disease it causes. This paper discusses a number of areas where progress in the management of the HCV have not kept pace with the scientifi c understanding of the HCV. It is suggested that in the fi elds of HCV prevention and providing access to treatment, practice falls short of what could be achieved. The role of alcohol in the pathogenesis of HCV liver injury is discussed. Discrimination against those with HCV infection and particularly those in prison settings fails to match good clinical practice. The complicated processes of sharing information between specialty groups is also discussed in an attempt to optimise knowledge dissemination in this field.

关键词： Hepatitis C Alcohol Injecting drug use Prisons genetic variation Cirrhosis Liver cell cancer

Three-dimensional analysis of age and sex differences in femoral head asphericity in asymptomatic hips in the United States

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2024年第8期15卷 754-763页

作者： Mahad M Hassan Aliya g Feroe Brenton W Douglass Andrew E Jimenez Benjamin Kuhns Charles F Mitchell robert L Parisien Daniel A Maranho Eduardo N Novais Young-Jo Kim Ata M Kiapour Department of Orthopedic Surgery University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN 55454United States Department of Orthopedic Surgery TRIA Orthopaedic CenterBloomingtonMN 55122United States Department of Orthopedic Surgery Boston Children’s HospitalBostonMA 02115United States Department of Orthopedic Surgery Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55901United States Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation Yale School of MedicineNew HavenCT 06510United States Department of Orthopedic Surgery American Hip Institute Research FoundationDes PlainesIL 60018United States Department of Orthopedic Surgery Mount SinaiNew YorkNY 10029United States Department of Biomechanics Medicineand Rehabilitation of the Locomotor SystemRibeirao Preto Medical SchoolUniversity of São PauloRibeirao Preto 14048-900São PauloBrazil

BACKgROUND The sphericity of the femoral head is a metric used to evaluate hip pathologies and is associated with the development of osteoarthritis and femoral-acetabular *** To analyze the three-dimensional asphericity of the femoral head of asymptomatic pediatric *** hypothesized that femoral head asphericity will vary significantly between male and female pediatric hips and increase with age in both *** Computed tomography scans were obtained on 158 children and adolescents from a single institution in the United States(8-18 years;50%male)without hip *** femoral measurements including the femoral head diameter,femoral head volume,residual volume,asphericity index,and local diameter difference were used to evaluate femoral head *** In both sexes,the residual volume increased by age(Pgnificantly smaller femoral head size in older ages(>13 years)in females,there were no sex-differences in residual volume and aspherity *** were no age-related changes in mean diameter difference in both sexes(P=0.07)with no significant sex-differences across different age groups(P=0.06).In contrast,there were significant increases in local aspherity(maximum diameter difference)across whole surface of the femoral head and all quadrants except the inferior regions in males(P=0.03).There were no sex-differences in maximum diameter difference at any regions and age group(P>0.05).Increased alpha angle was only correlated to increased mean diameter difference across overall surface of the femoral head(P=0.024).CONCLUSION There is a substantial localized asphericity in asymptomatic hips which increases with age *** 2D measured alpha angle can capture overall asphericity of the femoral head,it may not be sensitive enough to represent regional asphericity patterns.

关键词： Hip Femoral head Sphericity Skeletal growth Sex differences

Dynamic design of green stormwater infrastructure

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2017年第4期11卷 121-126页

作者： robert g. Traver Ali Ebrahimian Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Villanova University 800 E. Lancaster Ave Villanova PA 19085 USA

This paper compares ongoing research results on hydrologic performance to common design and crediting criteria, and recommends a change in direction from a static to a dynamic perspective to fully credit the performance of green infrastructure. Examples used in this article are primarily stormwater control measures built for research on the campus of Villanova University [1,2]. Evidence is presented demonstrating that the common practice of crediting water volume based on soil and surface storage underestimates the performance potential, and suggests that the profession move to a more dynamic approach that incorporates exfiltration and evapotranspiration. The framework for a dynamic approach is discussed, with a view to broaden our design focus by including climate, configuration and the soil surroundings. The substance of this work was presented as a keynote speech at the 2016 international Low Impact Development Conference in Beijing China [3].

关键词： Low Impact Development (LID) Stormwater control measures green infrastructure Stormwater design