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Carbon m.noxide as C1 Building Block in Fine Chem.cal Synthesis

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Chinese j.urnal of Chem.stry 2024年第2期42卷 199-221页

作者： Rui m.B.Carrilho m.rio j.F.Calvete Gabor m.kle Laszlo Kollar m.riette m.Pereira University of Coim.ra Coimbra Chemistry CentreDepartment of ChemistryRua Larga3004-535 CoimbraPortugal Departm.nt of General and Inorganic Chem.stry and ELKH-PTE Research Groupfor Selective Chem.cal Syntheses University of PecsIfjusag utja 6H-7624 PecsHungary

Carbon m.noxide(CO)has becom. one of the m.st relevant and versatile renewable C1 building blocks for chem.cal synthesis,especially in the fine chem.cals industry,due to the developm.nt of efficient and selective catalysts for its *** this review,we present a com.rehensive critical analysis of the last 10 years literature on the use of CO as a renewable feedstock for fine chem.cals *** review is organized by type of catalytic reaction,nam.ly alkene and alkyne carbonylation,hydroform.lation,carbonylation of aryl halides,carbonylative cross-coupling and C-H *** exam.les of the synthesis of relevant building blocks and/or known pharm.ceuticals are *** is placed on exam.les of utilizing CO as the C1 building block in one or m.re catalytic *** catalyst used and the reaction conditions are consistently presented throughout all of the exam.les.

关键词： Carbon m.noxide Fine chem.cals Carbonylation Hydroform.lation C-H functionalization

Laser-induced graphene-coated wearable sm.rt textile electrodes for biopotentials signal m.nitoring

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Frontiers of m.terials Science 2024年第1期18卷 95-111页

作者： C.m.Vidhya Yogita m.ithani Sakshi Kapoor j.P.Singh Departm.nt of Physics Indian Institute of Technology DelhiHauz KhasNew Delhi 110016India

This paper describes how to produce a wearable dry electrode at a reasonable cost and how to use it for the m.nitoring of biopotentials in *** textiles in wearable technologies have m.de a great advancem.nt in the health care m.nagem.nt and living standards of *** was m.nufactured using the low-cost single-step process,laser ablation of polyim.de,a com.ercial *** dispersions were m.de using solvent isopropyl alcohol which has low boiling point,nontoxicity,and environm.ntal *** successive coating of the graphene dispersion on the cotton fabric to m.ke it conductive,the sheet resistance of the resulting fabric dropped to 3% of its initial *** laser-induced graphene(LIG)cotton dry electrodes thus m.nufactured are com.arable to Ag/AgCl wet electrodes in term. of the skin-to-electrode im.edance,m.asuring between 78.0 and 7.2 kΩ for the frequency between 40 Hz and 1 *** LIG cotton electrode displayed a signal-to-noise ratio of 20.17 *** to its com.ort,sim.licity,and good perform.nce over a longer period of tim.,the textile electrode appears suited for m.dical applications.

关键词： biopotential electrocardiogram electrom.ogram flexible electrode textile porous graphene

Interfacial stress engineering toward enhancem.nt of ferroelectricity in Al doped HfO_(2)thin film.

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第9期33卷 637-643页

作者： S X Chen m.m.Chen Y Liu D W Cao G j.Chen Departm.nt of m.croelectronics Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China Departm.nt of Physics Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China Guangdong–Hong Kong–m.cao j.int Laboratory for Intelligent m.cro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology Foshan UniversityFoshan 528225China

Ferroelectric HfO_(2)has attracted m.ch attention owing to its superior ferroelectricity at an ultra-thin thickness and good com.atibility with Si-based com.lem.ntary m.tal-oxide-sem.conductor(Cm.S)***,the crystallization of polar orthorhom.ic phase(o-phase)HfO_(2)is less com.etitive,which greatly lim.ts the ferroelectricity of the as-obtained ferroelectric HfO_(2)thin ***,the crystallization of o-phase HfO_(2)can be therm.dynam.cally m.dulated via interfacial stress *** this paper,the growth of im.roved ferroelectric Al doped HfO_(2)(HfO_(2):Al)thin film. on(111)-oriented Si substrate has been *** analysis has suggested that nonpolar m.noclinic HfO_(2):Al grown on(111)-oriented Si substrate suffered from.a strong com.ressive strain,which prom.ted the crystallization of(111)-oriented o-phase HfO_(2)in the as-grown HfO_(2):Al thin *** addition,the in-plane lattice of(111)-oriented Si substrate m.tches well with that of(111)-oriented o-phase HfO_(2),which further therm.lly stabilizes the o-phase HfO_(2).Accordingly,an im.roved ferroelectricity with a rem.ant polarization(2P_(r))of 26.7C/cm.(2) has been *** results shown in this work provide a sim.le way toward the preparation of im.roved ferroelectric HfO_(2)thin film..

关键词： im.roved ferroelectricity interfacial stress engineering com.ressive strain HfO_(2)

m.asurem.nt,associations,patterns,and prom.tion:Unveiling vital areas in physical activity epidem.ology

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j.urnal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第5期13卷 605-607页

作者： Kara m.Whitaker Guest editor m.chael j.Lam.nte Departm.nt of Health&Hum.n Physiology University of IowaIowa CityIA 52242USA Departm.nt of Epidem.ology and Environm.ntal Health University of BuffaloBuffaloNY 14214 USA

Physical activity(PA)epidem.ology first em.rged as a new field of study around the 1950s with publication of sem.nal investigations on London civil servants1 and has continued to evolve as a scientific discipline to present *** subdiscipline of epidem.ology studies the frequencies,distributions,and dynam.cs of PA and its im.act on hum.n health,m.rbidity,and *** over the past 75 years has dem.nstrated num.rous health benefits of *** on these research findings,the World Health Organization recom.ends adults aged 18-64 years engage in at least 150-300 m.n of m.derate-intensity aerobic PA per week,or at least 75-150 m.n of vigorous-intensity aerobic PA per week,or a com.ination of both intensities.

关键词： epidem.ology prom.tion continued

Com.arative analysis of m.crostructure,m.chanical,and corrosion properties of biodegradable m.-3Y alloy prepared by selective laser m.lting and spark plasm. sintering

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j.urnal of m.gnesium.and Alloys 2024年第4期12卷 1496-1510页

作者： P.m.nárik m.Zem.ová S.Šašek j.Dittrich m.Knapek F.Lukáˇc D.Koutný j.j.roš R.Král Faculty of m.them.tics and Physics Charles UniversityKe Karlovu 5Praha 12116Czech Republic Research Centre University ofŽilinaUniverzitná8215/1Žilina 01026Slovakia Institute of Plasm. Physics of the Czech Academ. of Sciences Za Slovankou 1782/318200 Praha 8Czech Republic Institute of m.chine and Industrial Design Brno University of TechnologyTechnická2896/2Brno 61669Czech Republic

This work explored possibilities of biodegradable m.gnesium.alloy m.-3Y preparation by two m.dern powder m.tallurgy techniques–spark plasm. sintering(SPS)and selective laser m.lting(SLm..The powder m.terial was consolidated by both m.thods utilising optim.sed param.ters,which led to very low porosity(∼0.3%)in the SLm.m.terial and unm.asurably low porosity in the SPS *** m.in aim.of the study was the thorough m.crostructure characterisation and interrelation between the m.crostructure and the functional properties,such as m.chanical strength,deform.bility,and corrosion *** m.terials showed com.arable strength of∼110 m.a in tension and com.ression and relatively good deform.bility of∼9%and∼21%for the SLm.and SPS m.terials,*** corrosion resistance of the SPS m.terial in 0.1 m.NaCl solution was superior to the SLm.one and com.arable to the conventional extruded *** digital im.ge correlation during loading and the cross-section analysis of the corrosion layers revealed that the residual porosity and large strained grains have the dom.nant negative effect on the functional properties of the SLm.*** the other hand,one of the prim.ry outcom.s of this study is that the SPS consolidation m.thod is very effective in the preparation of the W3 biodegradable alloy,resulting in m.terial with convenient m.chanical and degradation properties that m.ght find practical applications.

关键词： m.gnesium Yttrium Powder m.tallurgy m.crostructure m.chanical strength Corrosion resistance

Supposition of graphene stacks to estim.te the contact resistance and conductivity of nanocom.osites

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Applied m.them.tics and m.chanics(English Edition) 2024年第4期45卷 663-676页

作者： Y.ZARE m.T.m.NIR G.j.WENG K.Y.RHEE Biom.terials and Tissue Engineering Research Group Department of Interdisciplinary TechnologiesBreast Cancer Research CenterMotamed Cancer InstituteTehran ***Iran College of Engineering and Technology American University of the Middle EastEgaila 54200Kuwait Departm.nt of m.chanical and Aerospace Engineering Rutgers UniversityNew BrunswickNJ 08903U.S.A. Departm.nt of m.chanical Engineering(BK21 Four) College of EngineeringKyung Hee UniversityYongin 446701Republic of Korea

In this study,the effects of stacked nanosheets and the surrounding interphase zone on the resistance of the contact region between nanosheets and the tunneling conductivity of sam.les are evaluated with developed equations superior to those previously *** contact resistance and nanocom.osite conductivity are m.deled by several influencing factors,including stack properties,interphase depth,tunneling size,and contact *** developed m.del's accuracy is verified through num.rous experim.ntal *** further validate the m.dels and establish correlations between param.ters,the effects of all the variables on contact resistance and nanocom.osite conductivity are ***,the contact resistance is prim.rily dependent on the polym.r tunnel resistivity,contact area,and tunneling *** dim.nsions of the graphene nanosheets significantly influence the conductivity,which ranges from.0 S/m.to90 S/*** increased num.er of nanosheets in stacks and a larger gap between them.enhance the nanocom.osite's ***,the thicker interphase and sm.ller tunneling size can lead to higher sam.le conductivity due to their optim.stic effects on the percolation threshold and network efficacy.

关键词： graphene polym.r com.osite stacked nanosheet tunneling conductivity contact resistance interphase

Ground-based and additional science support for Sm.LE

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 275-298页

作者： j.A.Carter m.Dunlop C.Forsyth K.Oksavik E.Donovon A.Kavanagh S.E.m.lan T.Sergienko R.C.Fear D.G.Sibeck m.Connors T.Yeom.n X.Tan m.G.G.T.Taylor K.m.William. j.Gj.rloev R.Barnes D.D.Billet G.Chisham.A.Dim.ock m.P.Freem.n D.-S.Han m.D.Hartinger S.-Y.W.Hsieh Z.-j.Hu m.K.j.m.s L.j.usola K.Kauristie E.A.Kronberg m.Lester j.m.nuel j.m.tzka I.m.Crea Y.m.yoshi j.Rae L.Ren F.Sigernes E.Spanswick K.Sterne A.Steuwer T.Sun m.-T.Walach B.Walsh C.Wang j.Weygand j.Wild j.Yan j.Zhang Q.-H.Zhang Planetary Sciences Group School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of LeicesterUniversity RoadLeicesterLE17RHUK Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Space Science Technology Facilities CouncilOxfordshireUK School of Space and Environm.nt Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Key Laboratory of Space Environm.nt m.nitoring and Inform.tion Processing Ministry of Industry and Information TechnologyBeijing 100017China Departm.nt of Space and Clim.te Physics UCLMullard Space Science LaboratoryHolmbury St.MaryDorkingSurreyRH56NTUK Birkeland Centre for Space Science Department of Physics and Technology.University of BergenBergenNorway Departm.nt of Physics and Astronom. University of Calgary2500 University DriveCalgaryAlbertaCanada T2N 1N4 British Antarctic Survey CambridgeUK Swedish Institute of Space Physics KirunaSweden West Highfield Cam.us University of SouthamptonUniversity RoadSO171BJUK Goddard Space Flight Center NASAGreenbeltMarylandUSA Athabasca University AthabascaCanada ESTEC European Space AgencyNetherlands University of Saskatchewan SaskatoonCanada The j.hns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory LaurelMarylandUSA Swedish Institude of Space Physics UppsalaSE 75121Sweden Tongj. University Shanghai 200092China Center for Space Plasm. Physics Space Science Institute4765 Walnut Street Suite BBoulderColorado80301USA Polar Research Institute of China Shanghai 200136China Finnish m.teorological Institute(Fm.) Finland Departm.nt of Earth and Environm.ntal Sciences(Geophysics) Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich(LMU)MunichTheresienstr.41MunichD-80333Germany Canadian Space Agency MontrealCanada GFZ Germ.n Research Centre for Geosciences PotsdamGermany Nagoya University Institute for Space Earth Environment ResearchCenter for Integrated Data ScienceNagoyaAichiJP 464-8601 Northum.ria University Newcastle upon TyneTyne and WearUK NE18ST National Space Science Center Chinese Academy SciencesBeijing 100190China Arctic Geophysics University Centre in Svalbard

The j.int European Space Agency and Chinese Academ. of Sciences Solar wind m.gnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(Sm.LE)m.ssion will explore global dynam.cs of the m.gnetosphere under varying solar wind and interplanetary m.gnetic field conditions,and sim.ltaneously m.nitor the auroral response of the Northern Hem.sphere *** these large-scale responses with m.dium.and fine-scale m.asurem.nts at a variety of cadences by additional ground-based and space-based instrum.nts will enable a m.ch greater scientific im.act beyond the original goals of the Sm.LE ***,we describe current com.unity efforts to prepare for Sm.LE,and the benefits and context various experim.nts that have explicitly expressed support for Sm.LE can offer.A dedicated group of international scientists representing m.ny different experim.nt types and geographical locations,the Ground-based and Additional Science Working Group,is facilitating these *** include constructing an online Sm.LE Data Fusion Facility,the discussion of particular or special m.des for experim.nts such as coherent and incoherent scatter radar,and the consideration of particular observing strategies and spacecraft *** anticipate growing interest and com.unity engagem.nt with the Sm.LE m.ssion,and we welcom. novel ideas and insights from.the solar-terrestrial com.unity.

关键词： m.gnetosphere ionosphere m.gnetosphere-ionosphere coupling ground-based experim.ntation Sm.LE conj.nctions m.ssions

Corrosion testing of X52 and X80 steels im.ersed in stim.lated em.lsions using a real petroleum.sam.le

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Petroleum.Research 2024年第2期9卷 304-316页

作者： L.m.Quej.Ake j.L.Alam.lla A.Contreras Instituto m.xicano del Petróleo Eje Central Lázaro CárdenasNorte 152San Bartolo AtepehuacanGustavo A.MaderoCiudad de MéxicoC.P.07730México

The aim.of this study is to evaluate the internal corrosion process on X52 and X80 steels/real petroleum.interfaces containing condensed hydrocarbon plus oilfield-produced water,which were subj.cted to stim.lated em.lsions using 50/50 vol ratio m.xtures at 45℃,different hydrodynam.c conditions,1 h,and 24 h.A washing process by using deionized water was proposed to sim.late and identify the corrosiveness of the hydrocarbon phase after 24 h of exposure *** characterization by electrochem.cal im.edance spectroscopy and the m.nitoring of the polarization curves indicated that X80 steel/oilfield-produced water interfaces were m.re susceptible to corrosion than X52 steel exposed to oilfield-produced *** com.ined speed rotation of 600 rpm.using a m.gnetic stirrer+600 rpm.using a rotating disk electrode decreased the corrosion rate on X52 *** stim.lated em.lsions m.de of hydrocarbon+oilfield-produced water and hydrocarbon+deionized water at 24 h increased the corrosion rate on X80 steel(0.34 m./year and 0.43 m./year,respectively),prom.ting the form.tion of erosion and pitting *** types of corrosion depended m.inly on the physicochem.cal properties of the hydrocarbon,oilfield-produced water,exposure tim.s,and hydrodynam.c system. in which the hydrocarbon was studied.

关键词： Corrosion Em.lsions X52 steel X80 steel

m.delling dynam.c pantograph loads with com.ined num.rical analysis

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Railway Engineering Science 2024年第1期32卷 81-94页

作者： F.F.j.ckson R.m.shra j.m.Rebelo j.Santos P.Antunes j.Pom.o H.m.galhaes L.Wills m.Askill School of Com.uting and Engineering University of HuddersfieldHuddersfieldUK School of Com.uting and Engineering Institute of Railway ResearchUniversity of HuddersfieldHuddersfieldUK IDm.C Instituto Superior TecnicoUniversidade de LisboaLisbonPortugal ISEL Instituto Politecnico de LisboaLisbonPortugal Hitachi Rail Newton AycliffeUK Wabtec/Brecknell Willis ChardUK

Appropriate interaction between pantograph and catenary is im.erative for sm.oth operation of electric *** heights of overhead lines to accom.odate level crossings,overbridges,and tunnels pose significant challenges in m.intaining consistent current collection perform.nce as the pantograph aerodynam.c profile,and thus aerodynam.c load changes significantly with operational *** research aim. to analyse the global flow characteristics and aerodynam.c forces acting on individual com.onents of an HSX pantograph operating in different configurations and orientations,such that the results can be com.ined with m.ltibody sim.lations to obtain accurate dynam.c insight into contact ***,com.utational fluid dynam.cs sim.lations are used to investigate the pantograph com.onent loads in a representative setting,such as that of the recessed cavity on a Class 800 *** an aerodynam.c perspective,this study indicates that the total drag force acting on non-fixed com.onents of the pantograph is larger for the knuckle-leading orientation rather than the knuckle-trailing,although the difference between the two is found to reduce with increasing pantograph *** the aerodynam.c loads acting on individual com.onents with m.ltibody tools allows for realistic dynam.c insight into the pantograph *** results obtained show how considering aerodynam.c forces enhance the realism.of the m.dels,leading to behaviour of the pantograph-catenary contact forces closely m.tching that seen in experim.ntal tests.

关键词： Pantograph-catenary interaction Pantograph aerodynam.cs Com.utational fluid dynam.cs Pantograph loads Current collection perform.nce