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The Genoese Commune Massari＇s Ledger of 1340： The First Computer Modeling Experience and its Results

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Journal of Modern Accounting and Auditing 2013年第2期9卷 212-229页

作者： Mikhail i. Kuter M. M. Gurskaya O. A. Sidiropulo Kuban State University Krasnodar Russia

Since 1865, the scholars from different countries have been studying the Genoese Massari＇s ledger of 1340. The authors have used a fundamentally new approach when studying this famous register. The authors have also analyzed the full-scale financial processes （from registering the expenses of the commune to their coverage by revenue） instead of analyzing some separate transactions which could prove the presence of the double-entry when registering each economic fact. This becomes possible as a result of the reconstruction of medieval entries and registers in the form of a modem account and the construction of the computer model of the whole ledger of 1340. The model of the system is formed according to seven summits of the revenue of the commune, which are distributed upon many factors of registered expenses and united into 17 reporting points. The special attention is paid to the date of the transaction. The authors have found many answers to some questions which were mysteries before. The explanation is given to the sales of goods below the purchasing price and to the exchange of money with significant losses.

关键词： single-entry accounting double entry double-entry bookkeeping Massari book Genoa municipality thebudget incomes and expenses the sales of goods at below purchasing price

Effects of imperfect Quality and Defective items on Economic Production Lot Size

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厦门大学学报（自然科学版） 2002年第S1期41卷 247-页

作者： Raafat n ibrahim Paul Lochert Department of Mechanical Engineering Monash UniversityDepartment of Mechanical Engineering Monash University AustraliaAustralia

The classical EPQ model has been used for a long ti me and is widely accepted and implemented. nevertheless, the analysis for finding an economic lot size has based on a number of unrealistic assumptions. A common unrealistic assumption in using EPQ is that all units produced are of good quali ty. The classical EPQ model shows that the optimal lot size will generate minimum ma nufacturing cost, thus producing minimum setup cost and inventory cost. However, this is only true if all products manufactured in the process are assumed to be of good quality (i.e. all products are within the specification limits). in rea lity this is not the case, therefore, it is necessary to consider the cost of im perfect quality items, because this cost can influence the economic lot size. Ma ny studies and recent papers have indicated that there is a significant relation ship between economic production lot size and process/product quality. However, their models included either the imperfect quality items (not necessarily de fective) which are to be sold at a discounted price or defective items which can be reworked or rejected. The aim of this paper is to provide a framework to integrate three different sit uations (discounted pricing/rework/reject) into a single model. 100% inspection is performed in order to distinguish the amount of good quality items, imper fect quality items and defective items in each lot. in this paper, a mathematica l model is developed, and a numerical example is presented to illustrate the sol ution procedures. it is found that the economic production lot size tends to inc rease as the average percentage of imperfect quality items and defectives (rejec ted items) increases.

关键词： EPQ lot size imperfect/defective items

Analysis of an inventory System for items with price-Dependent Demand and Time Dependent Three-Parameter Weibull Deterioration Function

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American Journal of Operations Research 2021年第4期11卷 199-214页

作者： O. nwoba Pius i. E. Chukwu Walford S. Maliki Olaniyi Department of industrial Mathematics and Applied Statistics Ebonyi State University Abakaliki Nigeria Department of Statistics University of Nigeria Nsuka Nigeria Department of Mathematics Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike Nigeria

in this research work we propose a mathematical model of an inventory system with time dependent three-parameter Weibull deterioration and price-dependent demand rate. The model incorporates shortages and deteriorating items are considered in which inventory is depleted not only by demand but also by decay, such as, direct spoilage as in fruits, vegetables and food products, or deterioration as in obsolete electronic components. Furthermore, the rate of deterioration is taken to be time-proportional, and a power law form of the price dependence of demand is considered. This price-dependence of the demand function is nonlinear, and is such that when price of a commodity increases, demand decreases and when price of a commodity decreases, demand increases. The objective of the model is to minimize the total inventory costs. From the numerical example presented to illustrate the solution procedure of the model, we obtain meaningful results. We then proceed to perform sensitivity analysis of our model. The sensitivity analysis illustrates the extent to which the optimal solution of the model is affected by slight changes or errors in its input parameter values.

关键词： inventory EOQ Model Deterioration Shortages Weibull Distribution price-Dependent Demand Sensitivity Analysis MathCAD14

Antioxidant and Cytotoxicity Potential of Six Synthesized Chalcones

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2018年第12期9卷 536-546页

作者： S. L. Kouakou M. Ouattara J. P. n’Guessan S. Coulibaly A. G. irié-n’Guessan G. Kouakou-Siransy Laboratoire de Pharmacologie UFR Sciences Pharmaceutiques Université FHB Abidjan Cote d’Ivoire Departement Chimie Therapeutique et de Chimie Organique UFR Sciences Pharmaceutiques Universite FHB Abidjan Cote d’Ivoire

Background: Chalcones are open-chain flavonoids which display a large number of pharmacological activities such as cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory including antioxidant. The objective of this study was to assess antioxidant and cytotoxic activity of six synthesized chalcones. Methodology: For the current experiments, 1,3-diphenylpropenone (compound R) was used as molecular model to synthetize six compounds, namely three benzyl-benzimidazolyl-chalcones (U1, U2, WAC1) and three imidazopyridinyl-chalcones (V1, V2, V3). All the compounds were evaluated for their ability to scavenge the stable free ABTS.+ radical cation, according to the method develop by Choong et al. in addition, the cytotoxicity test described by price et al., was performed using healthy human cell line, then in human malignant cell lines (HEP-2, A549). Results: All synthesized chalcones reduced the ABTS.+ radical cation. indeed, benzyl benzimidazolyl compounds WAC1, U1, U2, by developing respectively 39.61%, 66.09%, and 84.20% percentages of reduction, showed an antioxidant effect 6, 11 and 14 times greater than the compound R (6.14%). As a result, imidazopyridinyl-chalcones compounds, namely V1, V2 and V3 reduced the ABTS.+ radical cation at 91.62%, 99.84% and 97.45% respectively, being 15 and 16 times more active than the compound R. About cytotoxicity, V2 inhibited not significantly HEP-2 malignant cells growth at 48.64%, compared to the standard product, i.e. doxorubicin that inhibited the growth of the same cells at 42.37%. WAC1 inhibited significantly the growth of A549 malignant cells at 89.53%, more than doxorubicin which percentage of growth inhibition was 71.58%. Conclusion: The presence of the α, β-unsaturated carbonyl system (or 1,3-diphenylpropenone) along with a benzimidazole or imidazopyridine heterocyclic ring is likely to contribute to both cytotoxic and antioxidant activities of these compounds.

关键词： Chalcones Antioxidant Cytotoxic HEP-2 A549 ABTS

Lignin in storage and renewable energy applications： A review

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2018年第5期27卷 1422-1438页

作者： Jose Luis Espinoza-Acosta Patricia i. Torres-Chavez Jorge L. Olmedo-Martinez Alejandro Vega-Rios Sergio Flores-Gallardo E. Armando Zaragoza-Contreras Department of Engineering and Materials Chemistry Centro de Investigacion en Materiales Avanzados Miguel de Cervantes # 120. Complejo Industrial Chihuahua Chihuahua Mexico Departamento de investigacion y Posgrado en Alimentos (DiPA) Universidad de Sonora Hermosillo Sonora Mexico

Lignin is a cheap, abundant and non-toxic group of complex phenolic polymers obtained in large amounts from the papermaking and cellulosic biofuel industries. Although the application of lignin has been ex- plored in these and several more industries, there are limited applications of lignin in the energy industry. However, numerous research revealed a great interest in the exploration of this renewable biopolymer in storage energy devices. Some of these applications include the use of lignin as an expander for lead-acid batteries, electrodes for primary and rechargeable batteries, electrodes for electronic double layer capac- itors and electrochemical pseudocapacitors, and to feed different types of fuel cells. The use of lignin in energy storage devices improves not only the performance of these devices but also decreases the price and toxicity, contributing to obtaining greener energy devices. Based on the above, this review provides an overview of the main research work related to the use of lignin as a renewable component, suitable to replace some synthetic and toxic compounds used in the fabrication of energy storage devices with particular emphasis on batteries, advanced supercapacitors, and solar and fuel cells.

关键词： Lignin Batteries Lithium-ion batteries Supercapacitors Solar cells Fuel cells

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邻-氰基二芳基偶氮化合物的新型环化作用

染料工业 1980年第3期 49-49页

作者： R.price 胡琴卜内门公司

邻氰基二芳基偶氮化合物（i;X=Cn,R1=R2= nO2,R3=nHCOCH3）在三乙基胺存在下在硝基苯里温度90～100℃下起反应,以高收率转化为氨基吲（?）。根据反应条件（i;X=Br,R1=R2=nO2,R3=nHC-OCH3）在铜催化下转化为相应的邻-氰基二芳基偶氮化合... 详细信息

邻氰基二芳基偶氮化合物（i;X=Cn,R1=R2= nO2,R3=nHCOCH3）在三乙基胺存在下在硝基苯里温度90～100℃下起反应,以高收率转化为氨基吲（?）。根据反应条件（i;X=Br,R1=R2=nO2,R3=nHC-OCH3）在铜催化下转化为相应的邻-氰基二芳基偶氮化合物时,按反应条件不同,也能或多或少地产生氨

关键词：偶氮化合物二芳基氰基氰根

基于iPA的杏花村文化旅游区游客满意度分析

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厦门理工学院学报 2018年第4期26卷 39-44页

作者：胡贝贝王莉安徽师范大学地理与旅游学院安徽芜湖241000

基于iPA分析法的研究显示,杏花村文化旅游区游客满意度低于体验前的期望值,游客对景区整体满意度评价较低;景区在发展过程中仍存在着门票性价比较低,旅游信息化水平不高,整体环境氛围较低,景区管理系统不完善等问题。为此,景区应该调整... 详细信息

基于iPA分析法的研究显示,杏花村文化旅游区游客满意度低于体验前的期望值,游客对景区整体满意度评价较低;景区在发展过程中仍存在着门票性价比较低,旅游信息化水平不高,整体环境氛围较低,景区管理系统不完善等问题。为此,景区应该调整门票价格,提高商品餐饮性价比,深度开发杏花村旅游iP资源,丰富夜休闲产品,完善智慧服务和网络信息功能,提升景区氛围和整体环境。

关键词：传统型景区杏花村文化旅游区游客满意度 iPA分析法

在“设计/成本比”的基础上发展有竞争力的纺织机械

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国际纺织导报 2000年第1期28卷 4-9页

作者： H.Distler i.RaetherLordieck 陈水林西门子公司

:“设计 /成本比”意味着以成本为本的开发和结构设计 ,它包括把全公司的策略体现于整体目标 ,还要考虑主要客户和供应者 ,以便达到市场可以接受的价格 ,从市场价格决定目标成本 ,通过产品结构降低目标成本 ,通过项目管理确保总目标的... 详细信息

:“设计 /成本比”意味着以成本为本的开发和结构设计 ,它包括把全公司的策略体现于整体目标 ,还要考虑主要客户和供应者 ,以便达到市场可以接受的价格 ,从市场价格决定目标成本 ,通过产品结构降低目标成本 ,通过项目管理确保总目标的实现。

关键词：纺织机械项目管理德国西门子公司设计成本比

The Application of nutrimetabolomics to investigating the Bioaccessibility of nutrients in Ham Using a Batch <i>in Vitro</i>Digestion Model

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Food and nutrition Sciences 2014年第1期5卷 17-26页

作者： Xiaoyan Pan Frances Smith Matthew T. Cliff Francesco Capozzi E. n. Clare Mills Department of Agricultural and Food Science and Technology University of Bologna Bologna Italy Manchester institute of Biotechnology and institute of inflammation and Repair Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre The University of Manchester Manchester UK

Delivering high quality dietary protein at an affordable price is a major aim of the EU-funded CHAnCE project. Foods have been formulated with this aim and as part of their nutritional assessment;the bioaccessbility of nutrients following simulated gastroduodenal digestion is being investigated. nutrimetabolomics approaches can be used to comprehensively and quantitatively analyse nutrients and metabolites. They have been applied to monitor nutrient release from ham, formulated in the CHAnCE project, during in vitro digestion. SDS-PAGE analysis shows that constituent ham proteins were broken down to lower molecular weight polypeptides (Mr ≤ 10 kDa) after 120 min simulated gastric digestion which was digested further by subsequent duodenal digestion. Digestion of porteins resulted in the appearance of coalesced lipid droplets associated with the loss of the muscle protein matrix of the ham. important nutrients, such as choline, creatine, carnosine, sucrose, cholesterol, triacylglyceride and fatty acids (saturated and unsaturated) were identified using 1H nMR. Chance ham is a good source of dietary protein and the combined approach can provide representative data on the bioaccessibility of all detectable nutrients contained in CHAnCE ham to human digestive system.

关键词： in Vitro Digestion Ham nutrimetabolomics nMR Bioaccessibility