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瑞典北部的冰酒店全世界最“冻人”的冰雪奇缘

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环球人文地理 2021年第23期 56-61页

作者：紫暮归离 Isabell Schulz salomon10 Reiterlied Martin Cathrae Greenland Travel rob Alter S j Pinkney

位于瑞典尤卡斯耶尔维的冰酒店,从外围建筑到室内设施,全由冰雪精心打造而成,不仅是世界上第一家、同时也是世界上最大的冰屋酒店。酒店本身可以说是一场恢宏奇幻的冰雕艺术展,而冰正是它艺术的灵魂。冰酒店(Ice Hotel)位于瑞典北部拉...

位于瑞典尤卡斯耶尔维的冰酒店,从外围建筑到室内设施,全由冰雪精心打造而成,不仅是世界上第一家、同时也是世界上最大的冰屋酒店。酒店本身可以说是一场恢宏奇幻的冰雕艺术展,而冰正是它艺术的灵魂。冰酒店(Ice Hotel)位于瑞典北部拉普兰的尤卡斯耶尔维镇,作为世界首家且规模最大的冰酒店,每当冬季降临,便迎来了它最热闹的时候:来自全球各地的艺术家们汇聚于此,

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癌症多学科团队工作：证据是什么？

英国医学杂志中文版 2010年第4期13卷 211-214页

作者： Cath Taylor Alastair j Munro rob Glynne-jones Clive Griffith Paul Trevatt MichaelRichards Amanda j Ramirez 桂琳(译) 徐兵河(校) King's College London Florence Nightingale School of Nursing and Midwifery London SEI 8WA Surgery and Molecular Oncology Ninewells Hospital University of Dundee Dundee DDI 9SY Mount Vernon Cancer Centre Middlesex HA6 2RN Royal Victoria Infirmary Newcastle upon Tyne NEI 4LP North East London Cancer Network London El 1BB National Cancer Action Team St Thonma' Hospital London SE1 7EH Cancer Research UK Promoting Early Presentation Group Adamson Centre St Thomas' Hospital london SE1 7EH 中国医学科学院肿瘤医院内科

癌症治疗越来越多地由多学科团队完成。Cath Taylor及其同事认为，需要更有力的证据证实其有效性。

关键词：证据癌症 Cath 有效性

Empirical estimates of regional carbon budgets imply reduced global soil heterotrophic respiration

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National Science Review 2021年第2期8卷 60-73页

作者： Philippe Ciais Yitong Yao Thomas Gasser Alessandro Baccini Yilong Wang Ronny Lauerwald Shushi Peng Ana Bastos Wei Li Peter A.Raymond josep G.Canadell Glen P.Peters rob j.Andres jinfeng Chang Chao Yue A.johannes Dolman Vanessa Haverd jens Hartmann Goulven Laruelle Alexandra G.Konings Anthony W.King Yi Liu Sebastiaan Luyssaert Fabienne Maignan Prabir K.Patra Anna Peregon Pierre Regnier julia Pongratz Benjamin Poulter Anatoly Shvidenko Riccardo Valentini Rong Wang Grégoire Broquet Yi Yin jakob Zscheischler Bertrand Guenet Daniel S.Goll Ashley-P.Ballantyne Hui Yang Chunjing Qiu Dan Zhu State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau Northwest A&F University CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere 15. Institute for Geology CEN—Center for Earth System Research and SustainabilityUniversity of Hamburg 16. Department of Earth System ScienceStanford University 17. Department of Earth System ScienceStanford UniversityStanford 18. School of Geographical SciencesNanjing University of Information Science and Technology 19. Department of Ecological SciencesVrije Universiteit Amsterdam 20. Research Institute for Global ChangeJAMSTEC Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement CEA-CNRS-UVSQ-UPSACLAY Center for Environmental Remote Sensing Chiba University Institute of Soil Science and Agrochemistry Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS) Tuva State University Republic of Tuva Max Planck Institute for Meteorology NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Biospheric Sciences Lab. 26. Department for Innovation in BiologicalAgro-food and Forest systems (DIBAF)University of Tuscia RUDN University Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and PreventionInstitute of Atmospheric SciencesFudan University 29. Division of Geological and Planetary SciencesCalifornia Institute of Technology 30. Climate and Environmental Physics and Oeschger Centre for Climate Change ResearchUniversity of Bern 31. Department of Ecosystem and Conservation Sci

Resolving regional carbon budgets is critical for informing land-based mitigation policy. For nine regions covering nearly the whole globe, we collected inventory estimates of carbon-stock changes complemented by satellite estimates of biomass changes where inventory data are missing. The net land–atmospheric carbon exchange(NEE) was calculated by taking the sum of the carbon-stock change and lateral carbon fluxes from crop and wood trade, and riverine-carbon export to the ocean. Summing up NEE from all regions, we obtained a global ‘bottom-up’ NEE for net land anthropogenic CO2uptake of –2.2 ± 0.6 Pg C yr-1consistent with the independent top-down NEE from the global atmospheric carbon budget during 2000–2009. This estimate is so far the most comprehensive global bottom-up carbon budget accounting, which set up an important milestone for global carbon-cycle studies. By decomposing NEE into component fluxes, we found that global soil heterotrophic respiration amounts to a source of CO2of 39 Pg C yr-1with an interquartile of 33–46 Pg C yr-1—a much smaller portion of net primary productivity than previously reported.

关键词： carbon budget human appropriation of ecosystems soil carbon

Suitability of Isotope Kinetic Approach to Assess Phosphorus Status and Bioavailability of Major Acidic Soils in Subtropical China

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Pedosphere 1997年第2期7卷 111-118页

作者： XIONGLIMING j．C．FARDEAU InstituteofSoilScience AcademiaSinicaNanjing210008（China） CEACadaracheDPVE 13108St－Paul－Lez－Durance（

A 32P isotope kinetic approach was used to describe the chemical status and bioavailability of phosphorusin 32 acidic soils from subtropical China. By determining the residual radioactivity rt, in soil solution atdifferent time, t, after introduction of the isotope in an amount of R into the steady soiLwater system, awell-defined isotope kinetic model was established, and upon this model the decrease rate, n, of log(Tt/R)with respect to logt, the mean sojourn time of phosphate ions in solution, the mean exchange rate and themean flux of phosphate ions between soil solid and solution phases were calculated. Other parameters, suchas the exchangeable P within the first minute of isotope exchange (E1), and P in various compartments thatcould be exchanged with solution phosphate ions at different periods of time, were also obtained. For theseacidic soils, the r1/R had a significant correlation with the contents of clay and free Al203 where r1 is theradioactivity in solution 1 minute after introduction of the isotope into the system. Parameter n also hada significant correlation with clay content and a negative correlation with soil pH. E1 values and Cp, theP concentration in soil solution, also significantly correlated with clay and sesquioxide contents of the *** indicated that these isotope kinetic parameters were largely infiuenced by P-fixing components of thesoils. For the soils with strong P-fixing ability the E1 values overestimated labile P pools and hence theircorrelations with A values and plant P uptake were not significant. The other isotope kinetic parameters alsohad no significant correlation with plant P uptake. On the other hand, the conventional chemical-extractedP correlated better with plant P uptake. It was concluded that the isotope kinetic method could assess theP chemical status yet it would be inappropriate in predicting plant available P for soils with a high P-fixingability as the problem of an overestimation of soil labile P in these so

关键词： acidic soils bioavailability isotope kinetics phosphorus

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Clinical translation of bioartificial liver support systems with human pluripotent stem cell-derived hepatic cells

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第11期23卷 1974-1979页

作者： Ryoichi Sakiyama Brandon j Blau Toshio Miki Department of Surgery Keck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90033United States

There is currently a pressing need for alternative the-rapies to liver transplantation. The number of patients waiting for a liver transplant is substantially higher than the number of transplantable donor livers, resulting in a long waiting time and a high waiting list mortality. An extracorporeal liver support system is one possible approach to overcome this problem. However, the ideal cell source for developing bioartificial liver(BAL) support systems has yet to be determined. Recent advancements in stem cell technology allow researchers to generate highly functional hepatocyte-like cells from human pluripotent stem cells(h PSCs). In this mini-review, we summarize previous clinical trials with different BAL systems, and discuss advantages of and potential obstacles to utilizing h PSC-derived hepatic cells in clinical-scale BAL systems.

关键词： Artificial liver Clinical trial Hepatocytes Pluripotent stem cells Bioreactors

Familial versus Sporadic Breast Cancer: Different Treatments for Similar Tumors?

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Advances in Breast Cancer Research 2015年第4期4卷 87-99页

作者： Ellen G. Engelhardt Mieke Kriege Maartje j. Hooning Caroline Seynaeve rob A. E. M. Tollenaar Christina j. van Asperen Margreet G. E. M. Ausems Lonneke V. van de Poll-Franse Stella Mook Senno Verhoef Matti A. Rookus HEBON Collaborators Marjanka K. Schmidt Division of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology Netherlands Cancer Institute Amsterdam The Netherlands Family Cancer Clinic Department of Medical Oncology Erasmus MC-Daniel den Hoed Cancer Centre Rotterdam The Netherlands Department of Surgery Leiden University Medical Centre Leiden The Netherlands Department of Clinical Genetics Leiden University Medical Centre Leiden The Netherlands Department of Medical Genetics University Medical Centre Utrecht Utrecht The Netherlands Eindhoven Cancer Registry Comprehensive Cancer Centre South Eindhoven The Netherlands Department of Radiation Oncology Netherlands Cancer Institute Amsterdam The Netherlands Family Cancer Clinic Netherlands Cancer Institute Amsterdam The Netherlands Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Netherlands (HEBON) Collaborators (see end of article for full list of HEBON collaborators and affiliations) Division of Molecular Pathology Netherlands Cancer Institute Amsterdam The Netherlands

Objective: It is unclear if and to what extent family history of breast/ovarian cancer or BRCA1/2-mutation carriership influences breast cancer treatment strategy. We investigated whether treatment differed between patients from BRCA1/2 families and those unselected for family history. Methods: We included 478 BRCA1/2-related patients referred for genetic testing before or after diagnosis. Two references were used: 13,498 population-based and 6896 hospital-based patients. Surgical treatment and adjuvant chemotherapy use was analyzed using logistic regression models, stratified by tumor size, nodal status, age at and period of diagnosis, and estrogen receptor status (ER). Results: BRCA1/2 cases aged 35 - 52 years at diagnosis and/or with tumors juvant chemotherapy than their population-based counterparts with the same tumor characteristics. There is a need to be aware of such differences in daily practice and interpretation of survival studies on BRCA1/2 mutation carriers.

关键词： BRCA1/2 Familial Breast Cancer Treatment Adjuvant Chemotherapy Mastectomy Breast Conserving Therapy

Using cylindrical implosions to investigate hydrodynamic instabilities in convergent geometry

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2019年第6期4卷 13-21页

作者： j.P.Sauppe S.Palaniyappan E.N.Loomis j.L.Kline K.A.Flippo B.Srinivasan Los Alamos National Laboratory P.O.Box 1663Los AlamosNew Mexico 87545USA Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University BlacksburgVirginia 24061USA

Hydrodynamic instabilities such as the Rayleigh–Taylor(rt)and Richtmyer–Meshkov instabilities disrupt inertial confinement fusion(ICF)implosions through the growth of 3D *** of these 3D imperfections at the interfaces of an ICF capsule during implosion lead to mixing between materials that is detrimental to *** instabilities have been studied extensively in planar geometry,but such experiments lack the effects of convergence in spherical *** several studies have been performed in spherical geometry,these often lack a direct means to measure perturbation *** in cylindrical geometry include convergence effects while maintaining direct diagnostic *** cylinders have less compression than spheres,they do provide an excellent platform to validate modeling for convergent *** problem with previous cylindrical implosion experiments was that the convergence ratios were limited to∼*** the National Ignition Facility(NIF),larger cylindrical targets can be driven to convergences of 10–15 while maintaining a large enough final diameter to measure perturbation *** paper reviews the design process used to both benchmark radiation hydrodynamics codes and enable 1D post-processed simulations to explore design space to separate compression effects from acceleration/deceleration rt *** from 1D simulations suggest that cylindrical implosions on the NIF can produce high-convergence experiments to validate rt instability growth for ICF implosions.

关键词： cylindrical geometry convergent

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NO,iNOS与胃癌关系的研究进展

世界华人消化杂志 2000年第3期8卷 320-322页

作者：沈靖王润田徐希平北京医科大学北京市100083

幽门螺杆菌(***)感染造成的炎症反应,可刺激诱导型NO合酶(inducible NO synthase,iNOS)产生大量的NO,对胃癌的启动和发展起重要作用。进入20世纪90年代以来,一氧化氮(NO)研究跨入了迅猛发展的阶段,许多调节功能及其在病理生理过程中所... 详细信息

幽门螺杆菌(***)感染造成的炎症反应,可刺激诱导型NO合酶(inducible NO synthase,iNOS)产生大量的NO,对胃癌的启动和发展起重要作用。进入20世纪90年代以来,一氧化氮(NO)研究跨入了迅猛发展的阶段,许多调节功能及其在病理生理过程中所起的重要作用被逐渐认识,特别是NO在致癌和致突变过程中表现的双重性,更是近年的研究热点之一。本文就NO、iNOS与胃癌关系的研究进展作一综述。 1 NO的生物学作用内源性NO由NOS催化左旋-精氨酸(L-Arg)末端胍基中一个氮原子氧化而生成。NO是一种活性很强的无机自由基气体,带有不成对电子,其化学性质极不稳定,体内T_(1/2)仅3s～5s,难以直接测定,NO呈脂溶性,容易通过生物膜。

关键词：胃肿瘤一氧化氮一氧化氮合酶