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Drought Tolerance and Recovery of the Sedge Carex planostachys (Cyperaceae) from Central Texas Woodlands

American Journal of Plant Sciences 2024年第9期15卷 746-765页

作者： e. rob Wayne Oscar William Van Auken Natural Sciences Department St. Philips College San Antonio USA Department of Integrative Biology The University of Texas at San Antonio San Antonio USA

Carex planostachys Kunze (Cyperaceae, Cedar sedge) is an herbaceous species in a genus commonly inhabiting mesic or hydric habitats. Carex planostachys is found in arid and semi-arid Juniperus woodlands. Arid conditions impose survival challenges to plants in dry areas. Some plants have plasticity responses to soil water content and continued normal though reduced functions through droughts, but most herbaceous plants do not survive. Limited previous studies have suggested C. planostachys is tolerant of drought. Physiological responses of C. planostachys from Juniperus woodlands was examined is this study to determine how long plants could survive without water and if they are capable of recovery from very negative water potentials beyond what is considered the permanent wilting point for most herbaceous plants. Plants were placed in pots in partial shade in this experiment. Water loss from the soil with plants was an inverse 2nd order polynomial function with soil water decreasing from 32% to 8% by day 28 of the study. Leaf water potential was also an inverse 2nd order polynomial function but did not decline significantly until 14 days without watering. Leaf water potential was −10.0 MPa after 35 days without watering. Non-watered plants Anet, (photosynthetic rate) was significantly lower compared to the water treatment by day 21 as was stomatal conductance and transpiration. When non-watered plants were watered after 21, 28 or 35 days, full recovery of physiological responses occurred within 7 days. The length of time that C. planostachys was able to withstand drought was greater than the annual trends in lack of precipitation during springtime in this area. Carex planostachys can photosynthesize at water stress between −8 and −10 MPa. Carex planostachys drought and shade tolerance enables it to occupy an understory niche devoid of other herbaceous plants.

关键词： CO2 Uptake Conductance Gas exchange Photosynthesis Respiration Transpiration Water Stress Water Potential.

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Carbon dioxide enrichment affected flower numbers transiently and increased successful post-pollination development stably but without altering final acorn production in mature pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.)

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第4期35卷 1-12页

作者： Ryan McClory Richard H.ellis Martin Lukac Jo Clark Carolina Mayoral Kris M.Hart Andrew R.G.Plackett A.rob MacKenzie School of Agriculture Policy and DevelopmentUniversity of ReadingAgricultureEarley GateWhiteknights RoadPO Box 237Reading RG66EUUK Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences Czech University of Life Sciences PraguePrague 165000Czechia Future Trees Trust Harwell Innovation CentreBuilding 173Curie AvenueHarwellOxford OX110QGUK Birmingham Institute of Forest Research University of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham B152TTUK School of Biosciences University of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham B152TTUK School of Geography Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham B152TTUK

Acorn production in oak(Quercus spp.)shows considerable inter-annual variation,known as masting,which provides a natural defence against seed predators but a highly-variable supply of acorns for uses such as in commercial tree planting each *** emissions of greenhouse gases have been very widely reported to influence plant growth and seed or fruit size and quantity via the‘fertilisation effect’that leads to enhanced *** examine if acorn production in mature woodland communities will be affected by further increase in CO_(2),the contents of litter traps from a Free Air Carbon enrichment(FACe)experiment in deciduous woodland in central england were analysed for numbers of flowers and acorns of pedunculate oak(Quercus robur L.)at different stages of development and their predation levels under ambient and elevated CO_(2) ***-annual variation in acorn numbers was considerable and cyclical between 2015 and 2021,with the greatest numbers of mature acorns in 2015,2017 and 2020 but almost none in *** numbers of flowers,enlarged cups,immature acorns,empty acorn cups,and galls in the litter traps also varied amongst years;comparatively high numbers of enlarged cups were recorded in 2018,suggesting *** at this site is a fruit maturation masting species(i.e.,the extent of abortion of pollinated flowers during acorn development affects mature acorn numbers greatly).Raising the atmospheric CO_(2) concentration by 150μL L^(−1),from early 2017,increased the numbers of immature acorns,and all acorn evidence(empty cups+immature acorns+mature acorns)detected in the litter traps compared to ambient controls by 2021,but did not consistently affect the numbers of flowers,enlarged cups,empty cups,or mature *** number of flowers in the elevated CO_(2) plots’litter traps was greater in 2018 than 2017,one year after CO_(2) enrichment began,whereas numbers declined in ambient *** with CO_(2) also increased the number o

关键词： Quercus robur L. Acorns Masting Pedunculate oak Carbon dioxide

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LKB1 depletion-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition induces fibroblast activation in lung fibrosis

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第3期11卷 417-426页

作者： Zijian Xu elizabeth R.Davies Liudi Yao Yilu Zhou Juanjuan Li Aiman Alzetani Ben G.Marshall David Hancock Tim Wallis Julian Downward rob M.ewing Donna e.Davies Mark G.Jones Yihua Wang Biological Sciences Faculty of Environmental and Life SciencesUniversity of SouthamptonSouthampton SO171BJUK clinical and experimental Sciences Faculty of MedicineUniversity of SouthamptonSouthampton SO166YDUK Institute for Life Sciences University of SouthamptonSouthampton SO171BJUK NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre University Hospital SouthamptonSouthampton SO166YDUK University Hospital Southampton Southampton SO166YDUK Oncogene Biology The Francis Crick InstituteLondon NW11ATUK

The factors that determine fibrosis progression or normal tissue repair are largely *** previously demonstrated that autophagy inhibition-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition(eMT)in human alveolar epithelial type Il(ATIl)cells augments local myofibroblast differentiation in pulmonary fibrosis by paracrine ***,we report that liver kinase B1(LKB1)inactivation in ATIl cells inhibits autophagy and induces eMT as a *** IPF lungs,this is caused by the down-regulation of CAB39L,a key subunit within the LKB1 complex.3D co-cultures of ATIl cells and MRC5 lung fibroblasts coupled with RNA sequencing(RNA-seq)confirmed that paracrine signaling between LKB1-depleted ATIl cells and fibroblasts augmented myofibroblast ***,these data suggest that reduced autophagy caused by LKB1 inhibition can induce eMT in ATIl cells and contribute to fibrosis via aberrant epithelial-fibroblast crosstalk.

关键词： CAB39L Crosstalk eMT LKB1 Pulmonary fibrosis

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乡村旅游精英公共服务动机的结构维度研究

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旅游学刊 2024年第9期39卷 91-105页

作者：徐少癸韩佳钰陈思榕 rob LAW 章牧福建师范大学文化旅游与公共管理学院福建福州350117 暨南大学深圳旅游学院广东深圳518053 南洋理工大学黄金辉传播与信息学院新加坡637718 澳门大学亚太经济与管理研究所中国澳门999078 澳门大学工商管理学院中国澳门999078

乡村旅游精英在乡村振兴、消除贫困、促进乡村旅游可持续发展等方面发挥着至关重要的作用。然而,作为中国旅游研究领域的热点议题,乡村旅游精英的动机研究却往往被简单化和边缘化。因此,文章基于中国乡土文化背景,聚焦乡村旅游精英这一... 详细信息

乡村旅游精英在乡村振兴、消除贫困、促进乡村旅游可持续发展等方面发挥着至关重要的作用。然而,作为中国旅游研究领域的热点议题,乡村旅游精英的动机研究却往往被简单化和边缘化。因此,文章基于中国乡土文化背景,聚焦乡村旅游精英这一特定群体,利用扎根理论对乡村旅游精英公共服务动机的结构维度进行探索性研究。研究发现,乡村旅游精英公共服务动机由乡土情结、公共利益承诺、社会认可与支持、自我奉献精神和政策制定吸引力5个维度组成。其中,公共利益承诺、自我奉献精神和政策制定吸引力3个维度具有普适性,乡土情结和社会认可与支持则是文章基于中国乡土社会背景发现的新维度。乡村旅游精英公共服务动机是一个复杂的多维结构体系,各维度相互关联、相互影响,共同构成了乡村旅游精英公共服务动机的驱动因素。以上结论对乡村旅游精英公共服务动机研究具有一定的理论贡献,同时也为乡村旅游目的地管理、评估乡村旅游精英提供了针对性建议。

关键词：乡村旅游精英公共服务动机乡村旅游乡村振兴扎根理论

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Non-canonical BRAF variants and rearrangements in hairy cell leukemia

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Oncology Research 2024年第9期32卷 1423-1427页

作者： STePHeN e.LANGABeeR Cancer Molecular Diagnostics St.James’s HospitalDublinD08 W9RTIreland

Hairy cell leukemia(HCL)is an uncommon mature B-cell malignancy characterized by a typical morphology,immunophenotype,and clinical *** vast majority of HCL patients harbor the canonical BRAF V600e mutation which has become a rationalized target of the subsequently deregulated RAS-RAF-MeK-MAPK signaling pathway in HCL patients who have relapsed or who are refractory to front-line ***,several HCL patients with a classical phenotype display non-canonical BRAF mutations or *** include sequence variants within alternative exons and an oncogenic fusion with the IGH *** must be taken in the molecular diagnostic work-up of patients with typical HCL but without the BRAF V600e to include investigation of these uncommon ***,functional characterization,and reporting of further such patients is likely to provide insights into the pathogenesis of HCL and enable rational selection of targeted inhibitors in such patients if required.

关键词： Hairy cell leukemia BRAF Molecular diagnostics Targeted therapy

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Bayesian modeling of dynamic behavioral change during an epidemic

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2023年第4期8卷 947-963页

作者： Caitlin ward rob Deardon Alexandra M.Schmidt Division of Biostatistics University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMNUSA Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada Department of epidemiology Biostatisticsand Occupational HealthMontrealQCCanada

For many infectious disease outbreaks,the at-risk population changes their behavior in response to the outbreak severity,causing the transmission dynamics to change in *** change is often ignored in epidemic modeling efforts,making these models less useful than they could *** address this by introducing a novel class of datadriven epidemic models which characterize and accurately estimate behavioral *** proposed model allows time-varying transmission to be captured by the level of“alarm”in the population,with alarm specified as a function of the past epidemic *** investigate the estimability of the population alarm across a wide range of scenarios,applying both parametric functions and non-parametric functions using splines and Gaussian *** model is set in the data-augmented Bayesian framework to allow estimation on partially observed epidemic *** benefit and utility of the proposed approach is illustrated through applications to data from real epidemics.

关键词： Bayesian inference Compartmental model SIR SeIR Transmission modeling

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Three new records of Cortinarius(Cortinariaceae)for the Turkish Mycota from Trabzon,Turkey

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Studies in Fungi 2020年第1期5卷 517-525页

作者： Sesli e ÖrtücüS Trabzon University Fatih Faculty of EducationMathematics and Science EducationDepartment of BiologyTrabzonTurkey erzurum Technical University High Technology Research and Application CentreErzurumTurkey

Basidiomata of Cortinarius were collected during the field studies in 2019 and identified based on both morphological and molecular *** Cortinarius species *** cadi-aguirrei,*** and *** are recorded for the first time... 详细信息

关键词： Agaricales Basidiomycota ITS identification taxonomy

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Circulating microRNA expression and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in adolescents with severe obesity

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第4期30卷 332-345页

作者： Yi-Jie Li Brittney O Baumert Nikos Stratakis Jesse A Goodrich Hao-Tian Wu Jing-Xuan He Yin-Qi Zhao Max T Aung Hong-Xu Wang Sandrah P eckel Douglas I Walker Damaskini Valvi Michele A La Merrill Justin R Ryder Thomas H Inge Todd Jenkins Stephanie Sisley Rohit Kohli Stavra A Xanthakos Andrea A Baccarelli rob McConnell David V Conti Lida Chatzi Department of Population and Public Health Sciences Keck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90032United States Barcelona Institute of Global Health Barcelona Institute of Global HealthBarcelona 08036Spain Department of environmental Health Sciences Mailman School of Public HealthColumbia UniversityNew YorkNY 10032United States Gangarosa Department of environmental Health Rollins School of Public HealthEmory UniversityAtlantaGA 30329United States Department of environmental Medicine and Public Health Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNY 10029United States Department of environmental Toxicology University of CaliforniaDavisCA 95616United States Department of Surgery Lurie Children’s Hospital of ChicagoChicagoIL 60611United States Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Northwestern UniversityChicagoIL 60611United States Division of Biostatistics and epidemiology Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOH 45229United States Department of Pediatrics University of Cincinnati College of MedicineCincinnatiOH 45229United States Department of Pediatrics Children’s Nutrition Research Center USDA/ARSBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTX 77030United States Department of Gastroenterology Children’s Hospital Los AngelesLos AngelesCA 90027United States Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and NutritionCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical CenterCincinnatiOH 45229United States

BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is one of the most common chronic liver diseases in children and *** ranges in severity from isolated hepatic steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH),wherein hepatocellular inflammation and/or fibrosis coexist with *** microRNA(miRNA)levels have been suggested to be altered in NAFLD,but the extent to which miRNA are related to NAFLD features remains *** analysis tested the hypothesis that plasma miRNAs are significantly associated with histological features of NAFLD in *** To investigate the relationship between plasma miRNA expression and NAFLD features among adolescents with *** This study included 81 adolescents diagnosed with NAFLD and 54 adolescents without NAFLD from the Teen-Longitudinal Assessment of Bariatric Surgery ***-operative core liver biopsies were collected from participants and used to characterize histological features of *** samples were collected during surgery for miRNA profiling.A total of 843 plasma miRNAs were profiled using the HTG edgeSeq *** examined associations of plasma miRNAs and NAFLD features using logistic regression after adjusting for age,sex,race,and other key *** Pathways Analysis was used to identify biological functions of miRNAs that were associated with multiple histological features of *** We identified 16 upregulated plasma miRNAs,including miR-193a-5p and miR-193b-5p,and 22 downregulated plasma miRNAs,including miR-1282 and miR-6734-5p,in adolescents with ***,52,16,15,and 9 plasma miRNAs were associated with NASH,fibrosis,ballooning degeneration,and lobular inflammation,***,16 miRNAs were associated with two or more histological features of *** those miRNAs,miR-411-5p was downregulated in NASH,ballooning,and fibrosis,while miR-122-5p,miR-1343-5p,miR-193a-5p,miR-193b-5p,and miR-7845-5p were consistently and posi

关键词： MicroRNA Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis Liver fibrosis Lobular inflammation Ballooning degeneration

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A systematic scoping review of study methodology for randomized controlled trials investigating probiotics in athletic and physically active populations

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 61-71页

作者： Alex e.Mohr David B.Pyne Geovana Silva Fogaça Leite Deborah Akins Jamie Pugh College of Health Solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85004USA Research Institute for Sport and exercise University of CanberraCanberraACT 2617Australia Laboratory of Functional Fermented Food Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of São PauloSão Paulo 05508-030Brazil Research Institute for Sport and exercise Sciences Liverpool John Moores UniversityLiverpool L33AFUK

Background:The purported ergogenic and health effects of probiotics have been a topic of great intrigue among researchers,practitioners,and the lay public *** has also been an increased research focus within the realm of sports science and exercise medicine on the athletic gut ***,compared to other ergogenic aids and dietary supplements,probiotics present unique study *** objectives of this systematic scoping review were to identify and characterize study methodologies of randomized controlled trials investigating supplementation with probiotics in athletes and physically active ***:Four databases(MeDLINe,CINAHL,Cochrane CeNTRAL,and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews)were searched for randomized controlled studies involving healthy athletes or physically active *** intervention with probiotics and inclusion of a control and/or placebo group were *** peer-reviewed articles in english were considered,and there were no date *** were extracted and presented in tabular form to detail study protocols,characteristics,and *** in randomized controlled trials was determined with the rob 2.0 ***:A total of 45 studies were included in the review,with 35 using a parallel group design and 10 using a cross-over *** half the studies used a single probiotic and the other half a multi-strain *** probiotic dose ranged from 2×10^(8)to 1×10^(11)colony forming units daily,and the length of intervention was between 7 and 150 *** than half the studies directly assessed gastrointestinal symptoms,gut permeability,or the gut *** sex ratio of participants was heavily weighted toward males,and only 3 studies exclusively investigated ***-level adverse events were reported in only 2 studies,although the methodology of reporting varied *** risk of bias was generally low,although details on randomization were lacking in some s

关键词： exercise experimental methodology Gastrointestinal symptoms Gut microbiota Probiotic supplementation

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Type-B monoamine oxidase inhibitors in neurological diseases:clinical applications based on preclinical findings

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第1期19卷 16-21页

作者： Marika Alborghetti edoardo Bianchini Lanfranco De Carolis Silvia Galli Francesco e.Pontieri Domiziana Rinaldi Neurology Unit NESMOS DepartmentFaculty of Medicine&PsychologySapienza-University of RomeSant’Andrea University HospitalRomeItaly Department of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology IRCCS-Fondazione Santa LuciaRomeItaly

Type-B monoamine oxidase inhibitors,encompassing selegiline,rasagiline,and safinamide,are available to treat Parkinson's *** drugs ameliorate motor symptoms and improve motor fluctuation in the advanced stages of the *** is also evidence suppo rting the benefit of type-B monoamine oxidase inhibitors on non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease,such as mood deflection,cognitive impairment,sleep disturbances,and *** studies indicate that type-B monoamine oxidase inhibitors hold a strong neuroprotective potential in Parkinson's disease and other neurodegenerative diseases for reducing oxidative stress and stimulating the production and release of neurotrophic factors,particularly glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor,which suppo rt dopaminergic ***,safinamide may interfere with neurodegenerative mechanisms,countera cting excessive glutamate overdrive in basal ganglia motor circuit and reducing death from *** to the dual mechanism of action,the new generation of type-B monoamine oxidase inhibitors,including safinamide,is gaining interest in other neurological pathologies,and many supporting preclinical studies are now *** potential fields of application concern epilepsy,Duchenne muscular dystrophy,multiple scle rosis,and above all,ischemic brain *** purpose of this review is to investigate the preclinical and clinical pharmacology of selegiline,rasagiline,and safinamide in Parkinson's disease and beyond,focusing on possible future therapeutic applications.

关键词： glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor(GDNF) glutamate neurological disorders neuroprotection Parkinson's disease preclinical studies rasagiline safinamide selegiline type-B monoamine oxidase(MAO_(B))inhibitors

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