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南北极大气气溶胶单颗粒成分特点研究

中国环境科学 2012年第8期32卷 1361-1367页

作者：耿红李屹张志敏卢铁彦山西大学环境科学与工程研究中心山西太原030006 国家水专项管理办公室北京100029 仁荷大学化学系

运用定量电子探针微区分析技术(EPMA)分别测定了采自北极新奥尔松地区(78 55′N、11 56′E)和南极乔治王岛(62 13′S、58 47′W)极昼天气下PM10大气颗粒物样品.结果表明,北极和南极大气颗粒物化学成分存在很大差异,表现出各自不同的特点... 详细信息

运用定量电子探针微区分析技术(EPMA)分别测定了采自北极新奥尔松地区(78 55′N、11 56′E)和南极乔治王岛(62 13′S、58 47′W)极昼天气下PM10大气颗粒物样品.结果表明,北极和南极大气颗粒物化学成分存在很大差异,表现出各自不同的特点.北极的颗粒类型中,"反应的海盐"和"矿物尘"分别占颗粒总数的44%和27%,"新鲜海盐"所占的比例不到10%,"反应的海盐"中以含硝酸盐的颗粒为主,反映了外来物质或人为污染对该地气溶胶影响较大;南极的颗粒类型中,"新鲜海盐"占总数的74%左右,"反应的海盐"占19%,反应的海盐全部含硫酸盐、未发现含硝酸盐的颗粒,推测与海盐反应的含硫物质来源于海洋浮游生物代谢过程产生的二甲硫醚(DMS)及其降解产物,而与人为污染无关.

关键词：南极北极大气气溶胶电子探针微区分析单颗粒

Participatory Risk Governance for Seoul, South Korea's Flood Risk Management

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第3期15卷 317-331页

作者： Bokjin ro Gregg Garfin School of Geography Development and Environment The University of Arizona Interdisciplinary Program for Disaster Crisis and Risk Management Sungkyunkwan University School of Natural Resources and the Environment The University of Arizona

Risk governance is a widely used framework in natural and societal risk management research. Risks from natural hazards in urban areas call for the establishment of rigorous and participatory urban risk governance. In this study, we examined participatory risk governance(PRG) of flood risk management(FRM) in Seoul, South Korea. We conducted key informant interviews and implemented a survey with citizens, to explore perceptions of flood risks and risk management, and to examine prospects for improving PRG in Seoul. We found a gap between the perceptions of key informants and *** informants believed that citizens' low awareness of flood risks hinders PRG. Yet our research found that citizens' risk awareness was not low, and risk awareness may not be the main barrier to participation in PRG. Instead, we found that citizens lacked knowledge of FRM actions, and they assigned government bodies a high level of responsibility for FRM,compared to the level of responsibility that citizens assigned to themselves. Moreover, the actors involved in FRM tended not to trust each other, which implies a lack of mutual understanding. To increase the eff ectiveness of PRG, we suggest a polycentric governance structure anchored by a leading actor group, and active promotion of the participation of actors at multiple levels of governance. Communication between government and citizen participants, designed to foster improved understanding and recognition of one another's roles and contributions to FRM, will enhance trust and improve the implementation of PRG in Seoul.

关键词： Citizen participation Flood risk management Participatory risk governance Risk awareness South Korea Urban flood risk

Solar‑Driven Sustainability:Ⅲ–ⅤSemiconductor for Green Energy Production Technologies

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第11期16卷 445-478页

作者： Chandran Bagavath Jeong‑Kyun Oh Sang‑Wook Lee Dae‑Young Um Sung‑un Kim Veeramuthu Vignesh Jin‑Seo Park Shuo Han Cheul‑ro Lee Yong‑Ho Ra Division of Advanced Materials Engineering Engineering CollegeResearch Center for Advanced Materials Development(RCAMD)Jeonbuk National UniversityJeonju 54896Republic of Korea

Long-term societal prosperity depends on addressing the world’s energy and environmental problems,and photocatalysis has emerged as a viable *** the efficiency of photocatalytic processes is fundamentally achieved by optimizing the effective utilization of solar energy and enhancing the efficient separation of photogenerated *** has been demonstrated that the fabrication ofⅢ–Ⅴsemiconductor-based photocatalysts is effective in increasing solar light absorption,long-term stability,large-scale production and promoting charge *** focused review explores on the current developments inⅢ–Ⅴsemiconductor materials for solar-powered photocatalytic *** review explores on various subjects,including the advancement ofⅢ–Ⅴsemiconductors,photocatalytic mechanisms,and their uses in H2 conversion,CO_(2)reduction,environmental remediation,and photocatalytic oxidation and reduction *** order to design heterostructures,the review delves into basic concepts including solar light absorption and effective charge *** also highlights significant advancements in green energy systems for water splitting,emphasizing the significance of establishing eco-friendly systems for CO_(2)reduction and hydrogen *** main purpose is to produce hydrogen through sustainable and ecologically friendly energy *** review intends to foster the development of greener and more sustainable energy source by encouraging researchers and developers to focus on practical applications and advancements in solar-powered photocatalysis.

关键词： Green energy system Hydrogen evolution CO_(2)reduction Ⅲ-Ⅴsemiconductors Photo electrochemical water splitting

Prevalence of Noise-Induced Hearing Loss Related to the Mills in the Markets of the Municipality of Parakou in 2021

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2024年第1期13卷 1-10页

作者： Fatiou Alabi Bouraïma Cocouvi Bruno Ametonou Ulrich Bidossèssi Vodouhe François Avakoudjo Jorelle Wafo Marius Claude Flatin Spéro H. R. Hounkpatin Wassi Adjibabi Faculty of Medicine University of Parakou Parakou Benin Faculty of Health Sciences University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Benin

Introduction: Noise is the second leading cause of hearing loss in adults after presbycusis. The objective of this work was to study hearing loss induced by the noise of mills in the markets of Parakou. Methods: This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study, conducted from February 3 to June 3, 2021 in the markets of Parakou. It concerned millers and sellers located within a 5 meter radius around the mills and among whom pure-tone audiometry was performed to detect a hearing loss. Subjects with no particular medical health history, under 55 years of age and having been working in these markets since more than 12 months, were included. Results: In this study, 103 subjects were selected, including 43 millers and 61 sellers. Their average age was 29 ± 13 years. The sex ratio was 0.49. The average length of service in the profession was 8 years with the extremes of 3 months and 47 years. They were exposed to noise on average 10 hours per day and 6 days a week. The average duration of weekly noise exposure was 23 h 28 min ± 13 h 32 min with the extremes of 5 h 00 min and 52 h 30 min. The average level of noise exposure was 90 dB with the extremes of 72 and 110 dB. 24 subjects reported symptoms related to noise such as headache, tinnitus, and hearing loss, with respective proportions of 22.33%, 20.39% and 06.80%. The prevalence of noise-related hearing loss was 26.21% (n = 27/103). Subjects with a notch at 4000 Hz and normal Average Hearing Loss (AHL) (20.39%) had a seven-time greater risk of developing noise-induced hearing loss (OR = 6.58;95% CI [2.54 - 18.8], p Conclusion: Hearing loss related to the noise of mills affected both millers and sellers near the mills in markets, hence the importance of regulating mills.

关键词： Noise-Induced Hearing Loss Mills Markets Parakou

Effect of electrical stimulation on neural regeneration via the p38-RhoA and ERK1/2-Bcl-2 pathways in spinal cord-injured rats

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第2期13卷 340-346页

作者： Min Cheol Joo chul Hwan Jang Jong Tae Park Seung Won Choi Seungil ro Min Seob Kim Moon Young Lee Department of Rehabilitation Medicine and Institute of Wonkwang Medical Science School of Medicine Wonkwang University Department of Neurosurgery School of Medicine Wonkwang University Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine School of Medicine Wonkwang University Department of Physiology and Cell Biology School of Medicine University of Nevada Department of Physiology and Institute of Wonkwang Medical Science School of Medicine Wonkwang University

Although electrical stimulation is therapeutically applied for neural regeneration in patients, it remains unclear how electrical stimulation exerts its effects at the molecular level on spinal cord injury （SCI）. To identify the signaling pathway involved in electrical stimulation improving the function of injured spinal cord, 21 female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to three groups： control （no surgical intervention, n = 6）, SCI （SCI only, n = 5）, and electrical simulation （ES; SCI induction followed by ES treatment, n = 10）. A complete spinal cord transection was performed at the 10^th thoracic level. Electrical stimulation of the injured spinal cord region was applied for 4 hours per day for 7 days. On days 2 and 7 post SCI, the Touch-Test Sensory Evaluators and the Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan locomotor scale were used to evaluate rat sensory and motor function. Somatosensory-evoked potentials of the tibial nerve of a hind paw of the rat were measured to evaluate the electrophysiological function of injured spinal cord. Western blot analysis was performed to measure p38-RhoA and ERK1/2-Bcl-2 pathways related protein levels in the injured spinal cord. Rat sensory and motor functions were similar between SCI and ES groups. Com- pared with the SCI group, in the ES group, the latencies of the somatosensory-evoked potential of the tibial nerve of rats were significantly shortened, the amplitudes were significantly increased, RhoA protein level was significantly decreased, protein gene product 9.5 expression, ERK1/2, p38, and Bcl-2 protein levels in the spinal cord were significantly increased. These data suggest that ES can promote the recovery of electrophysiological function of the injured spinal cord through regulating p38-RhoA and ERK1/2-Bcl-2 pathway-related protein levels in the injured spinal cord.

关键词： Bcl-2 ERKI/2 p38 PGP9.5 RhoA spinal cord injury somatosensory evoked potential muscle contraction electrical impulses neural regeneration

Development of the modified k-ε turbulence model of power-law fluid for engineering applications

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2012年第1期55卷 276-284页

作者： ro Kyoungchul RYOU HongSun Department of Mechanical Engineering Chung-Ang University

In the present study, a high Reynolds number version of a turbulence model was proposed by using drag reduction to analyze the turbulent flows of power-law fluid for engineering applications. In order to determine the model constants in the constitutive equation, numerical simulation was conducted under the same conditions that were applied to obtain the experiment re- suits and previous turbulence models. For validation of the modified turbulence model, numerical simulations were performed for power-law fluids of different viscosities. The results of the modified k-ε turbulence model showed better agreement with the experimental results than those of the standard k-ε turbulence model. In addition, computation time and computer resource of the modified k-ε turbulence model were reduced by about one third as compared to the low Reynolds number model for power-law fluids.

关键词： power-law fluid turbulent flow drag reduction turbulence model computational fluid dynamics(CFD)

Video learning based image classification method for object recognition

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Journal of Central South university 2013年第9期20卷 2399-2406页

作者： LEE Hong-ro SHIN Yong-ju Department of NTIS Center Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information

Automatic image classification is the first step toward semantic understanding of an object in the computer vision *** key challenge of problem for accurate object recognition is the ability to extract the robust features from various viewpoint images and rapidly calculate similarity between features in the image database or video *** order to solve these problems,an effective and rapid image classification method was presented for the object recognition based on the video learning *** optical-flow and RANSAC algorithm were used to acquire scene images from each video *** the selection of scene images,the local maximum points on comer of object around local area were found using the Harris comer detection algorithm and the several attributes from local block around each feature point were calculated by using scale invariant feature transform （SIFT） for extracting local ***,the extracted local descriptor was learned to the three-dimensional pyramid match *** results show that our method can extract features in various multi-viewpoint images from query video and calculate a similarity between a query image and images in the database.

关键词： image classification multi-viewpoint image feature extraction video learning

Colonic J-pouch anal anastomosis after ultralow anterior resection with upper sphincter excision for low-lying rectal cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第17期11卷 2570-2573页

作者： Jae-Gahb Park Min ro Lee Seok-Byung Lim Chang Won Hong Sang Nam Yoon Sung-Bum Kang Seung chul Heo Seung-Yong Jeong Kyu Joo Park Department of Surgery Seoul National university College of Medicine 28 Yongon-dongChongno-guSeoul 110-744Korea Cancer Research Institute and Cancer Research CenterSeoul National University28 Yongon-dongChongno-guSeoul 110-744Korea Research Institute and HospitalNational Cancer Center809 Madu-dongIlsan-guGoyangGyeonggi 411-764Korea Department of Surgery Seoul National university College of Medicine 28 Yongon-dongChongno-guSeoul 110-744Korea Research Institute and Hospital National Cancer Center 809 Madu-dongIlsan-guGoyangGyeonggi 411-764Korea

AIM:There is some evidence of functional superiority of colonic J-pouch over straight coloanal anastomosis (CM) in ultralow anterior resection (ULAR) or intersphincteric resection. On the assumption that colonic J-pouch anal anastomosis is superior to straight CM in ULAR with upper sphincter excision (USE: excision of the upper part of the internal sphincter) for low-lying rectal cancer, we compare functional outcome of colonic J-pouch vsthe straight CM. METHODS: Fifty patients of one hundred and thirty-three rectal cancer patients in whom lower margin of the tumors were located between 3 and 5 cm from the anal verge received ULAR including USE from September 1998 to January 2002. Patients were randomized for reconstruction using either a straight (n = 26) or a colonic J-pouch anastomosis (n = 24) with a temporary diverting-loop ileostomy. All patients were followed-up prospectively by a standardized questionnaire [Fecal Inco-ntinence Severity Index (FISI) scores and Fecal Incontinence Quality of Life (FIQL) scales]. RESULTS: We found that, compared to straight anastomosis patients, the frequency of defecation was significantly lower in J-pouch anastomosis patients for 10 mo after ileostomy takedown. The FISI scores and FIQL scales were significantly better in J-pouch patients than in straight patients at both 3 and 12 mo after ileostomy takedown. Furthermore, we found that FISI scores highly correlated with FIQL scales. CONCLUSION: This study indicates that colonic J-pouch anal anastomosis decreases the severity of fecal incontinence and improves the quality of life for 10 mo after ileostomy takedown in patients undergoing ULAR with USE for low-lying rectal cancer.

关键词： Upper sphincter excision Ultralow anterior resection Coloanal anastomosis Rectal cancer

Prussian blue and its analogues as advanced supercapacitor electrodes

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2020年第11期29卷 206-229页

作者： Emad S.Goda Seungho Lee Muhammad Sohail Kuk ro Yoon Organic Nanomarerials Lab Department of ChemistryHannam UniversityDaejeon 34054Republic of Korea Department of Chemistry Hannam UniversityDaejeon 34054Republic of Korea Fire Protection Laboratory National Institute of Standards136.Giza 12211Egypt Advanced Energy and System Engineering University of Science and TechnologyDaejeon 34113Republic of Korea

Remarkable attention has been directed to Prussian blue(PB) and its analogues(PBA) as one of the most widely used metal-organic frameworks(MOFs) especially in the field of energy storage devices due to their fabulous features such as 3D open framework, high surface area, controllable distribution of pores and the low cost. Nevertheless, their depressed conductivity causes some insulation when being used as an electrode for supercapacitors leading to be restricted in further applications particularly the electronics. To the best of our knowledge, our review aimed primarily to give a total picture of the research that was done on utilizing PB and PBA for fabricating the electrodes of supercapacitor, studying their synthesis approaches in addition to the hybridization with other materials such as graphene, CNTs and conducting polymer. It also addresses the transformation of PB or PBA into other interesting nanostructures such as oxides, sulfides, and bicomponent of graphitic carbon nitride/metal oxides, as well. Furthermore,It exhibits various avenues for overcoming their disadvantages of bad cycle life, retention rate and not achieving the desired values of energy/power densities opening the door for enlarging the number of researches on their application as supercapacitors.

关键词： Metal hexacyanoferrates Supercapacitors Electrolyte Energy density Cyclic stability