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Microbial Removal from Secondary Treated Wastewater Using a Hybrid System of Ultrafiltration and Reverse Osmosis

Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(A) 2012年第7期1卷 853-869页

作者： Jehad Abbadi rinad saleh Sameh Nusseibeh Muhannad Qurie Mustafa Khamis Rafik Karaman LauraScrano Sabino Aurelio Bufo Department of Biology College of Science and Technology AI-Quds University Jerusalem Palestine Centre for Chemical and Biological Analysis Al-Quds University Jerusalem Palestine Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technology College of Science and Technology Al-Quds University Jerusalem Palestine Department of Bioorganic Chemistry College of Pharmacy A1-Quds University Jerusalem Palestine Department of Agriculture Forestry and Environment University of Basilicata Potenza 85100 Italy

The efficiency of advanced membranes towards removal of general and specific microbes from wastewater was investigated. The treatment included a subsequent system of activated sludge, ultrafiltration (hollow fibre membranes with 100 kDa cut-off, and spiral wound membranes with 20 kDa cut-off), and RO (reverse osmosis). The removal evaluation of screened microbes present in treated wastewater showed that hollow fibre membrane rejected only 1 log (90% rejection) of the TPC (total microbial count), TC (total coliforms), and FC (faecal coliforms). A higher effectiveness was observed with spiral wound, removing 2-3 logs (99%-99.9%) of TPC and complete rejection of TC and FC. The RO system was successful in total rejection of all received bacteria. The removal evaluation of inoculated specific types of bacteria showed that the hollow membranes removed 2 logs (99%) of inoculated E. coli (107-108 cfu/mL inoculum), 2-3 logs (99%-99.9%) of Enterococus spp. (107-1010 cfu/mL inoculum), 1-2 logs (90%-99%) of Salmonella (108-1010 cfu/mL inoculum) and 1-2 logs (90%-99%) of Shigella (105-106 cfu/mL inoculum). The spiral wound was significantly efficient in rejecting further 3 logs of E. coli, 5 logs of Enterococus spp., 4 logs of Salmonella, and a complete rejection of all received bacteria was accomplished by RO membrane. The results indicate that Gram positive bacteria were removed much more efficiently compared to the Gram negative ones, the rationale behind such behaviour is based on cell walls elasticity.

关键词：混合动力系统微生物反渗透废水二级处理超滤中空纤维膜革兰氏阳性细菌

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Smoking Cessation in the Middle East after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. Results from the First Jordanian Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Registry (JoPCR1)

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2016年第7期6卷 202-210页

作者： rinad R. Tabbalat Rawan A. Hammoudeh Yousef Khader Ayman J. Hammoudeh Department of Internal Medicine Istishari Hospital Amman Jordan Department of Medical Education Jordan University of Science and Technology Irbid Jordan School of Allied Medical Sciences Jordan University of Science and Technology Irbid Jordan Department of Cardiology Istishari Hospital Amman Jordan

Background: Cigarette smoking (CS) is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the Middle East. Little is known about the rate of SC in patients following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and the clinical and angiographic features and one-year outcome among quitters compared with persistent smokers. Methods and Results: Of 2425 patients enrolled in a prospective multicenter PCI registry, 1055 (43.5%) were smokers (mean age 53.7 + 5.7 years) and 94% were males. PCI was indicated for ACS in 862 patients (82%). The rate of CS was 33%, 30% and 31%, at 1, 6 and 12 months after discharge, respectively. Compared with persistent smokers, quitters were more likely to have diabetes (50.4% vs. 42.0%;p = 0.028), low left ventricular ejection fraction (18.1% vs. 9.3%;p = 0.0004), and heart failure (15.4% vs. 9.0%;p = 0.0008). There were no differences between quitters and persistent smokers in age, gender, or severity of coronary lesions. Assessing the major complications and cardiovascular events during the index admission and at one year in non-smokers, quitters and persistent smokers showed that the incidence rates of in-hospital major bleeding events and cardiovascular deaths differed significantly among the three groups of patients (p-value = 0.017 for major bleeding, and 0.012 for cardiovascular death). The rates of these two complications were significantly higher among non-smokers compared to quitters and persistent smokers, and the rate of major bleeding was almost double in quitters compared to persistent smokers. Moreover, the three groups differed significantly in the rates of major bleeding, cardiovascular death and coronary revascularization after one year of follow-up. The incidence rates of major bleeding and cardiovascular death after one year were the highest among non-smokers followed by quitters and persistent smokers. The rate of coronary revascularization was significantly higher in quitters compared to non-smokers and persistent smok

关键词： Smoking Cessation Acute Coronary Syndrome

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