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Effect of seed mass on emergence and seedling development in Pterocarpus marsupium Roxb.

Journal of Forestry Research 2014年第2期25卷 415-418页

作者： Yogeshwar Mishra rimi rawat P. K. Rana M. K. Sonkar Naseer Mohammad Tropical Forest Research Institute

We investigated the effect of seed mass on emergence, seedling survival and growth ofPterocarpus marsupium Roxb., a medium to large, commercially valuable and deciduous tree species. Among the three size classes viz. small （10-12 mm）, medium （13-15 mm） and large （16-17 mm）, the maximum proportion, of seed by number （54.12%） and dry weight （51.87%） was recorded, in the medium size seed class. Seed length and seed width were greatest in the large seed class （16.50 mm, 7.33 mm） followed by medium （13.50 mm, 5.60 mm） and small （11.37 ram, 3.66 mm）. Similarly, hundred seed weight （100 sw） varied from a maximum of 12.92 g in the large seed class to intermediate 10.95 g in the medium seed class and minimum of 7.02 g in the small seed class. The large seed size showed maximum emergence and shoot length over the medium and small seed class. After six months of growth, significant variations due to seed size were also observed for the growth and dry weight of P. marsupium seedlings. Seedling vigour, expressed in terms of height, collar diameter, number of leaves and dry biomass, was sig- nificantly affected by seed class. Seedlings that emerged from large seeds showed better growth and produced heavier seedlings as compared to medium and small seeds.

关键词： emergence grading Pterocarpus marsupium seedling

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Estimation of carbon sequestration in reclaimed coalmine degraded land dominated by Albizia lebbeck, Dalbergia sissoo and Bambusa arundinacea plantation： a case study from Jharia Coalfields, India

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2016年第2期3卷 246-266页

作者： rimi Das Subodh Kumar Maiti Ecological Restoration Laboratory Department of Environmental Science and Engineering (Centre of Mining Environment) Indian School of Mines Dhanbad Jharkhand 826 004 India

Reclaimed mined lands provide an excellent opportunity to sequester carbon and combat global warming. Carbon sequestration on reclaimed sites depend on age of reclamation, composition of species, geomining conditions （soil characteristics） and prevailing climate. The aims of the present study were to calculate carbon （C）--stock of biomass of 4 years old plantation （dominated by Albizia lebbeck, Dalbergia sissoo and Bambusa arundinacea）, understorey vegetation and litter, soil organic carbon in reclaimed minesoil （RMS） and compare with reference forest site. Allometric equation was used for the estimation of biomass C stock and found 13.0 Mg C ha i （A lebbeck 7.8 Mg C ha-I, D sissoo 3.5 Mg C ha-l and B. arundincea 1.2 Mg C ha-l）, while stock of understorey vegetation was 0.98 Mg C ha-~. In RMS, C stock was 16.3 Mg C ha-1, out of which inorganic C contributed 1.7 g kg-l （8 % of total soil C）, Coal C 8.7 g kg^-1 （43 % of total soil C） and biogenic C 9.8 g kg^-1 （49 % of total soil C）. Total C stock in reclaimed site was calculated as 30.3 Mg C ha^-1（equivalent to 111 Mg CO2 ha-b. The study concluded that （i） coal C is responsible for overestimation of C stock in RMS （ii） Maximun C stock stored in aboveground biomass component and （iii） reclaimed mined lands will take approximately 17 years to reach the level of C stock of reference forest site in dry tropical climate.

关键词： Coal Opencast mining Reclaimed mine soils Biomass carbon Carbon sequestration Carbon stock

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Evaluating Manufacturing Energy Consumption for a Part Using Geometry

Evaluating Manufacturing Energy Consumption for a Part Using...

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作者： Abba Ahmed rimi 湖南大学

学位级别：硕士

在设计过程中做出的决策对零件的制造有重大影响。除了技术和功能要求,设计师还权衡了设计几何、材料和规格对能源消耗的影响。由于大部分零件的可持续性影响是在设计过程中确定的,因此工程师在整个设计过程中考虑可持续性是很重要的。...

在设计过程中做出的决策对零件的制造有重大影响。除了技术和功能要求,设计师还权衡了设计几何、材料和规格对能源消耗的影响。由于大部分零件的可持续性影响是在设计过程中确定的,因此工程师在整个设计过程中考虑可持续性是很重要的。评估设计可持续性的现有工具没有考虑设计的几何复杂性,也很少为工程师改进设计提供指导。基于更复杂的设计将需要更多的资源来制造的概念,本文提出了一种新的方法来评估制造阶段的能源消耗。本论文的主要目的是提出一个工具的框架,可以指导工程师进行更可持续的设计。新的可持续性评估工具应分析设计几何图形(即CAD文件)的复杂性,以便预测其在制造过程中的能耗。由于开发刀具的第一步是研究影响零件制造能耗的主要几何因素,因此本文研究了设计几何对数控加工能耗的影响。这项研究发现,高达98%的能源消耗的变化,在加工过程中的一个部分可以预测使用其几何特征。事实上,设计的长度、可达性得分和边界体积解释了高达75%的能耗变化。研究还发现,半精加工和球磨操作占加工总能耗的四分之三以上。研究结果可用于预测给定部件几何形状的相对制造能耗。这可以进一步完善,以开发一种工具,可以指导工程师进行更可持续的设计。本文提出的模型可以作为开发一个工具的跳板,该工具可以从CAD文件中分析设计几何,向设计工程师提供反馈,并指导他们进行更可持续的设计。根据本研究的结果,该工具应使用一个评估模型,该模型除了考虑最终零件体积和移除体积外,还应考虑几何特征,如表面积、尺寸和可达性。

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Properties of a Bulk-Fill Flowable Composite Resin with High Depth of Cure

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Open Journal of Stomatology 2017年第9期7卷 377-387页

作者： rimi Gill Brian J. Millar Sanjukta Deb Restorative Dentistry King’s College Hospital London UK Department of Primary Dental Care King’s College London Dental Institute London UK King’s College London Dental Institute King’s College London London UK

Introduction: Dental composite resin materials are being increasingly used for a variety of purposes and more recently as a dentine replacement material. Objectives: SDR (Dentsply) is a flowable, high-resin composite material designed to minimise the effect of the high shrinkage through the use of a flexible monomer. However the resultant properties of this material may be a factor that affects the clinical performance. Methods: Tests were carried out on SDR and two other commonly used resin-based composite materials (Herculite XRV, Kerr and Spectrum TPH, Dentsply) including: depth of cure according to ISO 4049, degree of cure using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), compressive strength using a Universal testing Machine, water uptake, interaction with Coca-ColaTM and analysis of thermal transitions using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). Results: SDR exhibited a high depth of cure at 4.0 mm and no difference in degree of cure in comparison with the other two dental composites. Compressive strength results varied between materials but were significantly lower for SDR (P < 0.05). Water uptake was similar for all materials but elution was significantly greater for SDR and interaction with Coca-Cola showed greatest change for SDR. Conclusions: There are some statistically significant variations between the physical properties of the materials which are attributed to the monomer type and lower amount of filler in the flowable composite that may explain the published clinical outcomes.

关键词： Comoposite Bulk-Fill SDR Properties

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Hemodynamic effects of propranolol with spironolactone in patients with variceal bleeds: A randomized controlled trial

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第12期14卷 1908-1913页

作者： Binay K De Deep Dutta rimi Som Pranab K Biswas Subrata K Pal Anirban Biswas Department of Medicine Medical College Calcutta 88 College Street Calcutta 700073 and Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences RG Kar Medical College Calcutta 32 Gorachand Road Kolkata 700014 India

AIM: To study the hemodynamic effects of spironolactone with propranolol vs propranolol alone in the secondary prophylaxis of variceal bleeding. METHODS: Thirty-five cirrhotics with variceal bleeding randomly received propranolol (n = 17: Group A) or spironolactone plus propranolol (n = 18: Group B). Hemodynamic assessment was performed at baseline and on the eighth day. RESULTS: Spironolactone with propranolol caused a greater reduction in the hepatic venous pressure gradient than propranolol alone (26.94% vs 10.2%; P < 0.01). Fourteen out of eighteen patients on the combination treatment had a reduction in hepatic venous pressure gradient to ≤ 12 mmHg or a 20% reduction from baseline in contrast to only six out of seventeen (6/17) on propranolol alone (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Spironolactone with propranolol results in a better response with a greater reduction in hepatic venous pressure gradient in the secondary prophylaxis of variceal bleeding. A greater number of patients may be protected by this combination therapy than by propranolol alone. Hence, this combination may be recommended for secondary prophylaxis in patients with variceal bleeding.

关键词： Hepatic venous pressure gradient Secondary prophylaxis Spironolactone Propranolol Varicealbleeding

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