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Repeated inoculations of Mycobacterium bovis Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) are needed to induce a strong humoral immune response against antigens expressed by the bacteria

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Open Journal of Immunology 2013年第3期3卷 71-81页

作者： monique C. da Silva Elena B. Lasunskaia Wilmar Dias da Silva Laboratory of Biology of Recognition Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Campos Rio de Janeiro Brazil Laboratory of Immunochemistry Institute Butantan S&atilde o Paulo Brazil

The cellular immune response elicited by Mycobacterium bovis Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) has been carefully investigated, but the humoral immune response has been partially neglected. BALB/c mice were immunized with BCG strain used to immunize humans. Anti-BCG antibodies, as assayed by ELISA, began to appear in the sera after the third week of immunization and plateaued three weeks after the 8th immunization. The total immunoglobulins (Igs) were purified by caprylic acid method from pooled serum collected after the 8th immunization. Anti-BCG antigen antibodies were detected in the total Igs preparation as well as in IgG, IgM, IgA, IgG1, IgG2a, and IgG2b, but not in the IgG3. Distinct BCG proteins were recognized the IgGs in Western blot analysis. Opsonization of BCG bacilli by the purified Igs potentiated internalization of the bacteria by murine Raw 264.7 macrophages. The intracellular BCG elimination coincided with the induction of NO production, which was more pronounced in cells infected with opsonized BCG compared to those infected with the non-opsonized bacteria. Coincidently, the production of NO was also higher in macrophages infected with opsonized BCG (maximal NO production at 48 h of incubation). The obtained results demonstrate that repeated inoculations of BCG effectively activate the humoral immune response, justifying the use of BCG as a live recombinant vaccine vector to insert genes encoding virulence factors controlled by antibodies.

关键词： Mycobacterium bovis Bacille Calmette-Guérin BCG Antibodies Opsonization Bacterial Killing

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巴黎地下空间计划

北京规划建设 2004年第1期 22-23页

作者： monique Labbe 法国D.P.L.G地下空间

现在有的城市规划忽视了地下空间,这让人感到很遗憾.但是,城市规划应包括城市的各种层面,无论是它的功能还是它的基础,无论是地上还是地下,只有综合合理地利用自然资源,才能够实现城市的持续发展.从1850年计划改造巴黎时一直到今天,综... 详细信息

现在有的城市规划忽视了地下空间,这让人感到很遗憾.但是,城市规划应包括城市的各种层面,无论是它的功能还是它的基础,无论是地上还是地下,只有综合合理地利用自然资源,才能够实现城市的持续发展.从1850年计划改造巴黎时一直到今天,综合开展利用地下空间,建设多重地下空间网络,我们已经经历了很多发展的模型.虽然私有权对地下空间的发展也存在相当的影响.但地下空间必须统一地开发治理以形成系统.

关键词：巴黎地下空间城市规划地下建筑地铁

Azathioprine does not reduce adenoma formation in a mouse model of sporadic intestinal tumorigenesis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第44期20卷 16683-16689页

作者： Mattheus CB Wielenga Jooske F van Lidth de Jeude Sanne L Rosekrans Alon D Levin monique Schukking Geert RAM D'Haens Jarom Heijmans Marnix Jansen Vanesa Muncan Gijs R van den Brink Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research and Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Academic Medical Center Department of Pathology Academic Medical Center

AIM: To investigate if azathioprine could reduce adenoma formation in ApcMin/+, a mouse model of sporadic intestinal tumorigenesis.

关键词： Azathioprine Thiopurine Intestinal adenoma Polyp ApcMin Chemoprevention Lymphoma Colon cancer

Thermal Conductivity of Compressed Earth Bricks Strengthening by Shea Butter Wastes with Cement

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2017年第12期8卷 848-858页

作者： Herve Goure Doubi Alfred Niamien Kouamé Léon Koffi Konan monique Tognonvi Samuel Oyetola Unité de Formation et de Recherche des Sciences biologiques Université Péléforo Gon Coulibaly de Korhogo Korhogo C&ocirc te d’Ivoire Laboratoire de Chimie des Matériaux Inorganiques (LCMI) Université Félix Houphou&euml t-Boigny de Cocody-Abidjan Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire

Currently, in a context of sustainable development, the economic and environmental challenges incite, to valorize local materials such as clays and agro-industrial waste. It is in this approach that a new category of compressed earth bricks (BTC) stabilized with shea meal (TK) and cement was proposed. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of shea meal rate on the thermal conductivity properties of cement stabilized earth bricks. A lateritic clay (Lat) mainly composed of kaolinite (38.44%), quartz (24.94%), goethite (12.28%), hematite (4.44%) and illite (19.9%) was used to make bricks. Different mix designs made up of lateritic clay and 5% cement were studied. The shea meal is added as a partial lateritic clay replacement in different proportions. The thermal conductivity was determined by hot disk method and correlated to both porosity and density of elaborated materials. The results obtained show that the thermal conductivity and density of bricks decrease respectively from 0.72 W·m-1·K-1 to 0.52 W·m-1·K-1 and from 2.77 g·cm-3 to 2.52 g·cm-3. The presence of shea meal within the material generates pore formation, which may partly explain the improvement of the thermal insulation properties. A positive correlation was noted between density and thermal conductivity of these materials.

关键词： Lateritic Clay Shea Meal Compressed Earth Brick (CEB) Thermal Conductivity and Eco-Materials

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Bvlgari钥匙包行云流水

汽车生活 2007年第8期 86-89页

作者： monique 张灏

作为工业社会标志之一的汽车,自诞生之日起,注定加速了世界的节奏。往后电子时代的来临,人们开始用键盘代替纸笔。快的同时却丧失了慢的乐趣,比如书写,从心流淌,经由手指笔尖跃然纸上,此时的文字、符号、图画都有着独一无二的灵光。正... 详细信息

作为工业社会标志之一的汽车,自诞生之日起,注定加速了世界的节奏。往后电子时代的来临,人们开始用键盘代替纸笔。快的同时却丧失了慢的乐趣,比如书写,从心流淌,经由手指笔尖跃然纸上,此时的文字、符号、图画都有着独一无二的灵光。正因为每一次书写不可能完全相同,它才显得如此珍贵。"偏执"的人会精雕细琢每一个步骤,笔、纸、气、神,想必由此带来的乐趣与敲打键盘相较,不可同日而语。当你开着爱车时,也不妨降慢速度,看一下沿途风景,别有一番滋味。

关键词：书写工具键盘笔记本金属色墨水电子时代设计音乐家工业社会表达

Reactivity of Recycled Glass Powder in a Cementitious Medium

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New Journal of Glass and Ceramics 2020年第3期10卷 29-44页

作者： monique Tohoue Tognonvi Arezki Tagnit-Hamou Léon Koffi Konan Ablam Zidol Wilfried Cyrille N’Cho Department of Biological Sciences University of Peleforo-Gbon-Coulibaly Korhogo C&#244 te d’Ivoire Department of Civil Engineering University of Sherbrooke Quebec Canada Laboratory of Chemistry of Inorganic Materials University of Felix Houphouet-Boigny Abidjan C&#244 te d’Ivoire

The reactivity of the recycled glass powder (GP) in a cementitious medium has been studied over time by means of X-ray diffraction and thermal gravimetric analysis. Two different mixtures based on cement/glass powder (0 or 20 wt% GP) and lime/glass powder (70 wt% GP) were considered. Analysis revealed the coexistence of both hydration and pozzolanic reaction during the hardening of the mortars. At young age, the cement hydration would prevail over the pozzolanic one resulting in a decrease of physico-chemical and mechanical properties of the material due to the dilution effect. The pozzolanic reaction that predominates from 91 days, would induce the formation of supplementary C-S-H leading to improve the material properties.

关键词： Glass Powder Pozzolanic Reaction Calcium Silicate Hydrate Thermal Analysis X-Ray Diffraction

E-Cigarette: A New Tobacco Product for Schoolchildren in Paris

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Open Journal of Respiratory Diseases 2013年第1期3卷 21-24页

作者： Bertrand Dautzenberg Pierre Birkui Maryvonne Noel Johanna Dorsett monique Osman Marie-Dominique Dautzenberg Paris Sans Tabac(PST) ParisFrance Office Francais de Prevention du Tabagisme(OFT) ParisFrance Groupe Hospitalier Pitie-Salpetriere(APHP) ParisFrance UniversitePierre et Marie Curie ParisFrance Rectorat de l’Academie de Paris ParisFrance Hopital Necker Enfants-Malades ParisFrance UniversiteReneDescartes ParisFrance

Objectives: To explore if the dramatic decrease in price of e-cigarette has transformed this new product into a product used for tobacco initiation among a teenage population. Methods: The authors added a question in 2012 on e-cigarette in the yearly survey on tobacco consumption in Paris schoolchildren. The study is conducted on a randomly selected sample from 2% of classes since 1991. Results: 277 (8.1%) of the 3409 schoolchildren studied (including 575 non responders to this question) reported having had an experience with e-cigarette. Experimentation rate is 6.4% among the 12 - 14-year-old, 11.8% among the 15 - 16-year-old and 9% among the 17-year-old schoolchildren. Among the 12 - 14- year-old schoolchildren, 64.4% of e-cigarette experimentation was by non-smokers. Of the 17-year-old teenagers who had used e-cigarettes, 12.4% were non-smokers. For the whole population, 33.2% of those having tried e-cigarette are non-smoker, 22.7% occasional smoker, 3.6% ex-smoker and 40.4% daily smoker. Those who experiment cannabis, shisha or binge-drinking are more frequently users of e-cigarette. In the smoker group, there is an inverse trend of rela- tionship between the readiness to quit tobacco and the rate of use of e-cigarette. Conclusion: For teenager’s, e-cigare- ttes have become not a product to aid quit tobacco but a product for experimentation and initiation of cigarette use. Regulation is urgently needed to control the emergent use of this new tobacco product by children.

关键词： E-Cigarettes Teenagers Tobacco Initiation Epidemiologic Study

Standardized quantitative measurements of wrist cartilage in healthy humans using 3T magnetic resonance imaging

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2015年第8期6卷 641-648页

作者： Jean-Vincent Zink Philippe Souteyrand Sandrine Guis Christophe Chagnaud Yann Le Fur Daniela Militianu Jean-Pierre Mattei Michael Rozenbaum Itzhak Rosner Maxime Guye monique Bernard David Bendahan Department of Radiology Conception Hospital Aix-Marseille University Department of Rheumatology Ste marguerite Hospital Aix-Marseille University Faculté de Médecine de Marseille Aix-Marseille Université - CRMBM-CNRS 13005 Marseille France Department of Medical Imaging Rambam - Health Care Campus Haifa 35254 Israel Department of Rheum-atology Bnai Zion Medical Center Technion Haifa 31048 Israel Aix-Marseille Université - CEMEREM-CNRS AP-HM Pole Imagerie 13005 Marseille France

AIM: To quantify the wrist cartilage cross-sectional area in humans from a 3D magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) dataset and to assess the corresponding reproducibility. METHODS: The study was conducted in 14 healthy volunteers(6 females and 8 males) between 30 and 58 years old and devoid of articular pain. Subjectswere asked to lie down in the supine position with the right hand positioned above the pelvic region on top of a home-built rigid platform attached to the scanner bed. The wrist was wrapped with a flexible surface coil. MRI investigations were performed at 3T(Verio-Siemens) using volume interpolated breath hold examination(VIBE) and dual echo steady state(DESS) MRI sequences. Cartilage cross sectional area(CSA) was measured on a slice of interest selected from a 3D dataset of the entire carpus and metacarpalphalangeal areas on the basis of anatomical criteria using conventional image processing radiology software. Cartilage cross-sectional areas between opposite bones in the carpal region were manually selected and quantified using a thresholding ***: Cartilage CSA measurements performed on a selected predefined slice were 292.4 ± 39 mm2 using the VIBE sequence and slightly lower, 270.4 ± 50.6 mm2, with the DESS sequence. The inter(14.1%) and intra(2.4%) subject variability was similar for both MRI methods. The coefficients of variation computed for the repeated measurements were also comparable for the VIBE(2.4%) and the DESS(4.8%) sequences. The carpus length averaged over the group was 37.5 ± 2.8 mm with a 7.45% between-subjects coefficient of variation. Of note, wrist cartilage CSA measured with either the VIBE or the DESS sequences was linearly related to the carpal bone length. The variability between subjects was significantly reduced to 8.4% when the CSA was normalized with respect to the carpal bone ***: The ratio between wrist cartilage CSA and carpal bone length is a highly reproducible standardized measurement which norma

关键词： Cartilage Magnetic resonance imaging Wrist Quantification

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镜相学

汽车生活 2007年第6期 98-101页

作者： monique 张灏朱骞

翻开最新的时尚杂志,不难发现今季的重点——眼镜!墨镜,毋庸置疑是明星外出的必备品,赶潮流的人们也喜欢有事没事戴着一副无镜片的黑框眼镜示人,眼镜的装饰性逐渐超越了功能性,成为鼻梁上的艺术品。那么,你是不是该考虑在驾车时戴上一... 详细信息

翻开最新的时尚杂志,不难发现今季的重点——眼镜!墨镜,毋庸置疑是明星外出的必备品,赶潮流的人们也喜欢有事没事戴着一副无镜片的黑框眼镜示人,眼镜的装饰性逐渐超越了功能性,成为鼻梁上的艺术品。那么,你是不是该考虑在驾车时戴上一副眼镜,别有性格地上路?

关键词：眼镜板材镜片广告创意时尚杂志气质混合金属潮流装饰性功能性