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Structural and chemical changes in pyrogenic organic matter aged in a boreal forest soil

Pedosphere 2023年第3期33卷 436-447页

作者： Jari HYVÄLUOMA Arttu MIETTINEN riikka keskinen Kimmo RASA Henrik LINDBERG Häme University of Applied Sciences Mustialantie 105Mustiala FI-31310(Finland) Department of Physics University of JyväskyläP.O.Box 35JyväskyläFI-40014(Finland) Natural Resources Institute Finland Tietotie 4Jokioinen FI-31600(Finland) Häme University of Applied Sciences Visamäentie 35 AP.O.Box 230Hämeenlinna FI-13101(Finland)

Pyrogenic organic matter(PyOM)is formed during wildfires and prescribed burnings or produced intentionally in the form of biochar for soil amendment *** is attracting a growing scientific and practical interest due to its important role in the global carbon cycle and agronomic applications as a soil *** of the studies on the physicochemical properties of PyOM have been conducted using fresh biochars even though the characteristics of PyOM are expected to alter due to aging processes in soil *** this paper,we report the results of a study that utilized X-ray microtomography and elemental analysis to investigate the chemical and structural changes in the PyOM formed during prescribed burning events and aged thereafter for 1–71 years in a boreal forest *** results indicate that changes in elemental composition occurred at decadal timescales,and an apparent steady state was reached ca.30 years after PyOM formation and exposure to the *** such timescales,PyOM was able to retain its porous structure originating from the cellular structure of the initial wood ***,structural analysis revealed several effects of aging on the pore structure,such as the formation of surface coating layers,pore fillings,and *** changes may alter pore size distribution and accessibility of the pores and further alter the influence of PyOM on soil functions,such as the transfer and retention of water and nutrients in PyOM pores.

关键词： biochar charcoal chronosequence porosity prescribed burning soil amendment X-ray microtomography

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Fertilizer and soil conditioner value of broiler manure biochars

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Biochar 2019年第3期1卷 259-270页

作者： riikka keskinen Jari Hyvaluoma Lauri Sohlo Hanna Help Kimmo Rasa Natural Resources Institute Finland(Luke) Tietotie 431600 JokioinenFinland Present Address:Hame University of Applied Sciences Mustialantie 10531310 MustialaFinland Present Address:Pellon Group Oy Yrittajantie 1062375 YliharmaFinland Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceUniversity of Helsinki00014 HelsinkiFinland

Pyrolysis is an option for enhancing the sustainable management of broiler manure surpluses by producing a concentrated,hygienic char product with a fertilizer and soil conditioner *** this study,the impacts of pyrolysis conducted at 350,400 and 450℃ on total nutrient and harmful element concentrations in biochars derived from peat-bedded broiler manure were *** was placed on the availability of phosphorus(P).In addition,the pore structures of these biochars were explored using X-ray microtomography and image *** pyrolysis,35-50%,40-55%and 35-45%of the original carbon,nitrogen and sulfur contents,respectively,of the feedstock biomass were lost as *** elements,including P,were concentrated in the *** water-extractable P was found to be converted to less labile forms due to charring,the concentration effect and notable increase in sodium bicarbonate-extractable P rendered broiler manure biochars richer in total labile P in comparison with feedstock manure(7.1,10.0,11.1 and 14.8 g labile P kg^(−1)in feedstock and biochars produced at 350,400 and 450℃,respectively).The pore volume of the micrometer-scale porosity of the broiler manure biochar was comparable to that found earlier in wood-based *** comparison with wood-based biochars,the pore structure of broiler manure biochars was more versatile,and the pore size distribution was ***,part of the porosity was too large to store plant-available water,which may reduce the potential of broiler manure biochars to improve soil water storage capacity.

关键词： Poultry manure Pyrolysis Soil amendment Pore structure Phosphorus availability

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