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Pathological Fractures in Chronic Hemodialysis Patients in a Teaching Hospital in Senegal: Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors

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Open Journal of Nephrology 2023年第3期13卷 211-219页

作者： Ahmed Tall Lemrabott Baratou Coundoul Niakhaleen Keita Maria Faye Moustapha Faye Mansour Mbengue Bacary Ba Seynabou Diagne Abdou Niang El hadji Fary Ka Department of Nephrology Aristide Le Dantec University Hospital Dakar Senegal Department of Nephrology Dalal Jamm National Hospital Center Dakar Senegal Dialysis Center National Hospital Center of Pikine Pikine Senegal

Introduction: The lack of follow-up and adequate management of chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD) in chronic hemodialysis patients is associated with pathological fractures. Few studies are available on the subject in sub-Saharan Africa. The objective of this work was to evaluate the prevalence of pathological fractures in our chronic hemodialysis patients, to analyze their clinical aspects and to determine the factors associated with their occurrence. Patients and Methods: We conducted a retrospective, descriptive and analytical study over 9 years (January 1, 2011, to December 31, 2020) based on the medical records of chronic hemodialysis patients at the CHU Aristide Le Dantec. The diagnosis of pathological fracture was retained in front of any fracture occurring spontaneously or following minimal trauma and confirmed by X-ray. Results: Nineteen cases of pathological fractures were collected with a hospital prevalence of 19.39%. The mean age was 53.32 ± 13.94 years with a sex ratio of 0.36. The average seniority in dialysis was 84.16 ± 29.88 months. Among these patients, one had had 3 episodes of fractures and another 6 episodes. The circumstances of occurrence of the fractures were the fall in 63% of the cases, spontaneously in 37% of the cases. The predominant site of fractures was the femoral neck (47.38% cases). Female gender (p 5 years (p = 0.049), gait disturbances prior to the fracture (p = 0.001), positive CRP (p = 0.028) and the presence of vascular calcifications (p = 0.002) were significantly associated with the occurrence of pathological fractures. Conclusion: This study has identified the factors associated with the occurrence of pathological invoices in hemodialysis patients in our context. These fractures are often associated with the lack of regular biological follow-up due to the low socioeconomic level of our patients.

关键词： Pathological Fractures CKD-MBD Hyperparathyroidism Osteomalacia Adynamic Bone Disease Chronic Hemodialysis

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Clinical and Therapeutic Aspects of Pediatric Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment on Senegalese Black Population

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Open Journal of Ophthalmology 2023年第3期13卷 327-332页

作者： Aïssatou Aw El hadji Malick Sy Aly Mbara Ka Jean Pierre Diagne Soda Mbaye Alassane Ba Hawo Madina Diallo Audrey Samra Papa Amadou Ndiaye Ophthalmology Department of Abass NDAO Hospital Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal

Background: Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in children is particular by its severity and challenging treatment. Purpose: To describe the clinical and therapeutic characteristics of pediatric rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Method: We retrospectively included files of pediatric patients (aged 0 to 15 years), clinically diagnosed with rhematogenous retinal detachment (RRD) between January 2015 and June 2019. The ophthalmological examination was as complete as the age of the patients allowed and a pediatric examination was systematically performed in all children. The data has been processed with Excel 2016 software. Results: 16 eyes of 11 patients were included. The hospital frequency of RRD was 3.37%, with a sex ratio of 1.75 and a mean age of 11.9 years. The average consultation time was 2 months. Contusive eye trauma was reported in 31.25% and myopia in 18.75%. The visual acuity ranged from no light perception to 20/400. The RRD was total in 81.25% and retinal lesions were found in 43.75%, including 25% atrophic holes and tears with lattice degeneration, 12.5% temporal retinal dialysis and one giant tear. Stage B of Proliferative vitreoretinopathy was found in 18.75% and stage C in 56.25%. Scleral buckling was performed in 37.5% and 23G pars plana vitrectomy with silicone oil in 18.75%. The mean duration of follow-up was 24.6 months with anatomical success in 77.7% correlated with functional recovery in 55.5%. The RRD was persistent in one case and a recurrent RRD under silicone was observed in one eye. Two children underwent cataract surgery secondary to vitrectomy, and one case of ocular hypertonia under silicone was noted. Conclusion: Pediatric rhegmatogenous retinal detachment is a severe disease, with essentially traumatic etiology in older children. Delayed diagnosis is a factor in poor prognosis.

关键词： Pediatric Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment Trauma Myopia

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Quality of Life of Patients on Peritoneal Dialysis in Dakar: A Senegalese Single Centre Experience

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Open Journal of Nephrology 2016年第2期6卷 37-42页

作者： Kane Yaya Cisse Mouhamadou Moustapha Seck Sidy Mohamed Lemrabott Ahmed Tall Faye Maria Hounsounou Christian Diallo Kalilou Ka El hadji Fary Niang Abdou Diouf Boucar Nephrology and Internal Medicine Department of Assane Seck University Ziguinchor Senegal Nephrology Department of Teaching Hospital Aristide Le Dantec Dakar Senegal Nephrology Department of Gaston Berger University Saint-Louis Senegal

Introduction: Measuring the quality of life (QOL) in recent years has become an indispensable tool in monitoring patients suffering from chronic diseases. We conducted this study to assess QOL of patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis in Dakar, and to identify associated factors. Patients and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study which was carried out from 10 to 30 June, 2011 in the peritoneal dialysis unit at university hospital in Dakar. We included all patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) of any age, who were on PD since at least six months and who gave their consent. The QOL was assessed using the Kidney Disease Quality of Life Short-Form 1.2 (KDQoL-SF). Results: Sixteen patients were included with a mean age of 50.25 ± 13.48 years and a sex-ratio of 1.27. Considering SF-36, the overall mean score (SMG) was 60.11 ± 15.96 with a Mean Physical Component Summary Scale of 53.66 ± 16.98 and a Mental Component Summary Scale of 70.85 ± 6.14. Concerning the KDQoL-SF, the global mean score was 61.83 ± 19.35 with a mean physical score of 50.55 ± 16.52 and a mean mental score of 62.52 ± 21.53. The mean dialysis specific dimension score was 62.52 ± 21.53 and the mean mental health score was 85.93 ± 12.06. Age, weight, level of instruction and social support were correlated with a worse QOL. Conclusion: This study showed an alteration of our PD patients’ QOL, particularly in their physical health. However, the number of patients included in the study is not enough to permit a formal conclusion.

关键词： Quality of Life Peritoneal Dialysis Dakar

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Electrical Parameters Determination from Base Thickness Optimization in a Silicon Solar Cell under Influence of the Irradiation Energy Flow of Charged Particles

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Energy and Power Engineering 2020年第1期12卷 1-15页

作者： Ousmane Sow Mamadou Lamine Ba Mohamed Abderrahim Ould El Moujtaba Youssou Traore El hadji Sow Cheikh Tidiane Sarr Masse Samba Diop Grégoire Sissoko University Institute of Technology University of Thiès Thiès Sénégal Laboratory of Semiconductors and Solar Energy Physics Department Faculty of Science and Technology University Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Senegal Ecole Polytechnique de Thiès Thiès Sénégal

In this work, we study the characteristics I-V and P-V of a silicon solar cell as well as its fill factor, its electrical power from the optimum thickness obtained in the base under variation of the irradiation energy flow of charged particles. The recombination velocity at the junction corresponding to the maximum power point was also deduced.

关键词： Silicon Solar Cell Flow Irradiation Energy Recombination Velocity Optimum Base Thickness

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Contribution of Scintigraphy in the Assessment of Extension of Osteophilic Cancers in Senegal from 2018 to 2021

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Open Journal of Biophysics 2023年第1期13卷 1-13页

作者： Olatoundé Herbert Fachinan El hadji Lamine Bathily Mamadou Salif Djigo Gilles David Houndétoungan Djibrillou Moussa Issoufou Boucar Ndong Kuassi Marcellin Amoussou-Guénou Mamadou Mbodj Institut de Formation en Soins Infirmiers et Obstétricaux Université de Parakou Parakou Bénin Service de Médecine Nucléaire H&ocirc pital Général Idrissa Pouye Dakar Sénégal Laboratoire de Biophysique Médecine Nucléaire Université Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Sénegal Unité D’Enseignement et de Recherche de Biophysique et Médecine Nucléaire Faculté des Sciences de Santé Université d’Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Bénin Département de Médecine Nucléaire Institut des Radio-Isotopes Niamey Niger

The aim of this study was to highlight the contribution of bone scintigraphy in the assessment of extension of osteophilic cancers in Senegal. This was a retrospective study, with a descriptive and analytical purpose, carried out over a period of four (04) years between January 01, 2018 and December 31, 2021. It focused on the files of patients who underwent bone scintigraphy for extension assessment of an osteophilic cancer during the study period. According to the study, prostate cancer was by far the most representative primary cancer (86.9%). Scintigraphy contributed in 75% of cases (362 cases) with 35% positive scintigraphy and 40% negative scintigraphy. The result was doubtful in 25% of cases (120 cases). The metastatic lesions were located preferentially at the level of the axial skeleton and only one case was of an exclusive appendicular site. More than half of patients with metastases (70%) had a poor prognosis with the SOLOWAY score greater than or equal to II. With the improvement of the nuclear imaging technical platform in Senegal (performance of SPECT/CT examinations), doubtful cases in our sample could be better explored with the advantage of adequate patient care.

关键词： Bone Scintigraphy Osteophilic Cancers Bone Metastases

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Acute Renal Failure in the Elderly in the Nephrology Department of Aristide Le Dantec Hospital in Senegal: About 45 Cases

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Open Journal of Nephrology 2023年第4期13卷 451-463页

作者： Arlette Géraldine Nguea Ndjame Ameth Dieng Vincent Ebenezer Ngamby Mamadou Coume El hadji Fary Ka Maria Fall Ahmed Tall Lemrabott Mouhamadou Moustapha Cisse Abdou Niang Department of Clinical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Central Hospital of Yaoundé Yaoundé Cameroon Health Sciences Training and Research Unit University of Thiès Thiès Senegal Regional Hospital of Thiès Thiès Senegal Faculty of Medicine Pharmacy and Odontology Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal National University Hospital of Fann Dakar Senegal Aristide Le Dantec Hospital Dakar Senegal Dalal Jamm National University Hospital of Guédiawaye Dakar Senegal

Introduction: The incidence of acute renal failure (ARF) increases with age. In Senegal, few studies have described the epidemiology of ARF in the elderly. The aim of our study is to establish the epidemiological profile of elderly patients with ARF, identify the causes of ARF in the elderly and assess treatment and prognosis. Methods: We conducted a descriptive and retrospective study over a five-year period from 2011 to 2015 involving patients aged 60 and over, treated for ARI during the study period. Data entry and analysis were done on Epi info 7.3. Results: We included a total of 45 patients. The prevalence of ARF was 3.34%. The mean age was 70.31 years (60 - 83) and the sex ratio was 3.5. Phytotherapy was found in 68.9%, hypertension was found in 68.9%, and diabetes was found in 31.1%. Prostate hypertrophy was found in 53.4% of patients. Pre-renal ARF was the most common (46.6%). Most of the cases, 66.67%, were at Stage 3 of KDIGO. The most common etiologies were respectively tumor (35.5%) and infection (20%). The most common complications were respectively hyperkalemia (33.3%) and hyponatremia (33.3%). Recovery was complete in 62.6% of cases, partial in 37.8% of patients and 13.3% of patients ended up on chronic hemodialysis. Mortality was 4.4%. Conclusion: Herbal medicine, hypertension and diabetes are frequently associated with ARF in the elderly. This justifies increased monitoring of the elderly subject with these conditions in order to subject him to early and appropriate care.

关键词： Acute Renal Failure Elderly Epidemiology

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Knowledge of Togolese Doctors on Biological Effects of Ultrasound and Their Attitudes towards the Ultrasonographic Explorations Performed in Lome (Togo)

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Open Journal of Biophysics 2018年第1期8卷 1-8页

作者： Kokou Adambounou El hadji Amadou Lamine Bathily Amegninou Mawuko Yao Adigo Pihou Gbandé Kpalma Duga Bakpatina-Batako Lantam Sonhaye Théophile Lincoln Tapsoba Komlanvi Adjenou Laboratoire de Biophysique Médicale Université de Lome Lome Togo Service d’Imagerie Médicale CHU Campus Lome Togo Service de Médecine Nucléaire CHU YO Ouagadougou Burkina-Faso Service de Médecine Nucléaire HOGGY Dakar Senegal Service de Médecine Nucléaire CHU YO Ouagadougou Burkina-Faso

We evaluate the level of knowledge of clinician doctors asking for echographies on the biological effects of ultrasounds and their attitudes towards ultrasounds examinations performed in Lome. Transverse study based on a survey led from August 16th till November 30th, 2013 including 105 doctors applicant of ultrasound in Lome (Togo). The middle age of the applicant doctors was of 34 years with a sex-ratio of 4/1 and more than half practiced in public facilities. Approximately ten percent applicants thought that the ultrasound is an irradiant exam and those practicing for less than 5 years were the ones who had a good level of knowledge on the not irradiant character of the ultrasounds. The existence of the thermal and mechanical effects of the ultrasounds was known only by 4.8% of the applicants and only 1.9% of the doctors had information on the thermal index (TI) and the mechanical index (MI). More than half (66.7%) analyzed the ultrasound images joined to the report but none verified the conformity with the standards of the values of the TI and at MI shown on the images. They were 43.5% to read only the conclusion. The level of knowledge of the doctors on the biological effects of the ultrasounds is unsatisfactory. The ultrasounds although not irradiant, have biological effects imposing precautionary measures which have to guide the attitude of the applicants towards the ultrasonographic explorations.

关键词： Ultrasound Biological Effect Echography Precaution Measures Lome

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Natural Enemies and Pest Control in Field-Grown Crop in Southern Senegal

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Advances in Entomology 2022年第4期10卷 287-299页

作者： Etienne Tendeng Babacar Labou El hadji Serigne Sylla Amadou Baldé Mamadou Diatte Oumar Seydi Issa Alé Ndiaye Pape Diop Serigne Omar Sène Saliou Djiba Karamoko Diarra UCAD Integrated Production and Protection Laboratory in Agroecosystems (L2PIA) Faculty of Science and Technology Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal ISRA Entomology Laboratory of Djibélor Agricultural Research Centre Senegalese Institute for Agricultural Research Ziguinchor Senegal

Crop pests are a permanent threat to horticultural production. Several control methods are recommended for their control, including biological control. This method based on the use of natural enemies is not well established. The objective of this study was to assess the diversity and abundance of natural enemies of crop pests. A survey of crops associated with pests was carried out on 144 fields in southern Senegal to measure the diversity and abundance of natural enemies of various crop pests, determine the native parasitoid complex and assess parasitism rates. Ecological indices were calculated to assess the diversity of natural enemies. A total of 25 natural enemy species were identified, including 15 parasitoids and 10 predators. Predatory Hemiptera and Parasitoid Hymenoptera were high biodiversity. The parasitism rates vary between 0 and 50% depending on the abundance of pests and parasitoid species. Knowledge of the diversity of natural enemies and the understanding of trophic interactions with pests are important in the development of biological crop protection in order to preserve resilience in agroecosystems.

关键词： Biodiversity Agroecosystem Crop Protection Pests Market Gardening Biological Control

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Cyclophosphamide, Thalidomide and Dexamethasone (CTD) as First-Line Therapy in Multiple Myeloma Patients: An Experience in a Clinical Haematology Centre in Dakar, Senegal

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Open Journal of Blood Diseases 2023年第1期13卷 43-50页

作者： El hadji Daouda Niang Seynabou Fall Khadim Sarr Marième Lolita Camara Aminata Dakono Awa Ndiaye Modou Moustapha Ciss Amy Thiam Serge Mwamba Fatou Samba Diago Ndiaye Department of Clinical Hematology Dalal Jamm Hospital Dakar Senegal

Introduction: Induction therapy followed by high-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem cell transplantation remains the gold standard for myeloma patients who can tolerate this treatment approach. In a developing country setting, in the absence of availability of bone marrow transplantation, the CTD protocol is an accessible treatment regimen whose efficacy and lower toxicity compared to the Melphalan Prednisone protocol has been reported. This protocol has been administered since 2018 in first line. It’s against this backdrop we perform this study to assess the efficacy of this CTD protocol in first line therapy. Methods: We conducted a descriptive and analytical study including clinical, paraclinical and evolutionary data of 50 patients with MM treated during the period range from 01 September 2018 and 01 July 2022 with the CTD protocol of cyclophosphamide (500 mg at D1, D8 and D15), dexamethasone (40 mg weekly) and thalidomide (100 mg/day) in 28-day cycles. Survival outcomes were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Results: The mean age was 62.3 ± 9.1 years and the sex ratio was 0.7. An advanced prognostic score at diagnosis was found in 73.5% of patients according to the Salmon and Durie score and in 32% according to the ISS. Overall remission was noted in 64%, of which 34% were in very good partial remission and partial remission in 12% of cases. Progression was noted in 4 patients. Treatment-related side effects were mainly peripheral neuropathy and anaemia in 3 patients respectively. The median survival was 38.4 months. The progression-free survival was 60%. An advanced age (≥65 years) is correlated with negative impact on survival (p = 0.04). Conclusion: Cyclophosphamide, thalidomide and dexamethasone give good outcome with less toxicity. Thus, it remains a first-line treatment alternative for newly diagnosed and low-income patients.

关键词： Myeloma Chemotherapy Survival

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Theoretical Study by Density Functional Theory Method (DFT) of Stability, Tautomerism, Reactivity and Prediction of Acidity of Quinolein-4-One Derivatives

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Computational Chemistry 2018年第3期6卷 57-70页

作者： Affoué Lucie Bédé Amon Benjamine Assoma Kicho Denis Yapo Mamadou Guy-Richard Koné Soleymane Koné Mawa Koné Boka Robert N’Guessan El-hadji Sawaliho Bamba Laboratoire de Chimie Organique Structurale Université Félix Houphou&euml t-Boigny Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire Laboratoire de Thermodynamique et de Physico-Chimie du Milieu Université Nangui Abrogoua Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire

A theoretical study of the reactivity of quinoline-4-one derivatives is undertaken in order to understand the involved mechanisms. The calculations were carried out in gas phase and in N, N-Dimethylformamide (DMF) solution. The Density Functional Theory (DFT) with B3LYP functional associated to 6-311G (d) and 6-311+G (d) bases is used to perform these calculations. The results of the thermodynamic parameters showed that there is an equilibrium relation between the different tautomers. This equilibrium can be used to explain the failure to obtain tetrahydroquinoline from 5,8-dimethoxy-quinolin-4-one. Reactivity analysis from Frontier Molecular Orbitals theory and Fukui function calculations revealed that ketone forms are less reactive than enol ones. The methoxyl substituent decreases the acidity of the nitrogen and oxygen atoms of quinolin-4-one while the bromine increases the acidity of the same sites. These results foresee that nitrogen deprotonation in the case of the brominated compound is easier than in the case of methoxylated ones.

关键词： Quinolein-4-One Tautomers Equilibrium Constants Global Descriptors Dual Descriptors

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