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Effect of the spectrally selective features of the cover and emitter combination on radiative cooling performance

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能源与人工环境(英文) 2021年第3期2卷 251-259页

作者： Mingke Hu Suhendri Bin Zhao Xianze Ao Jingyu Cao Qiliang Wang Saffa riffat Yuehong Su Gang Pei Department of Architecture and Built Environment University of NottinghamUniversity ParkNottingham NG72RDUK Department of Thermal Science and Energy Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230027China Department of Building Services Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityKowloonHong KongChina

Radiative cooling(RC)shows good potential for building energy saving by throwing waste heat to the cosmos in a passive and sustainable ***,most available radiative coolers suffer from low cooling *** situation becomes even deteriorated in the daytime when radiative coolers are exposed to direct *** tackle this challenge,an idea of employing both a spectrally selective cover and a spectrally selective emitter is proposed in this study as an alternative approach.A comparative study is conducted among four RC modules with different spectral characteristics for the demonstration of how the spectral profiles of the cover and the emitter affects the RC *** results under given conditions show that the RC module with a spectrally selective cover and a spectrally selective emitter(SC/SE)reaches a net RC power of 62.4 W/m^(2)when the solar radiation is 800 W/m^(2),which is about 1.8 times that of the typical RC module with a spectrally non-selective cover and a spectrally selective emitter(n-SC/SE).When the ambient temperature is 30°C,the SC/SE based RC module realizes a daytime sub-ambient temperature reduction of 20.0°C,standing for a further temperature decrement of 9.2°C compared to the n-SC/SE based RC module.

关键词： Radiative cooling Sky cooling Spectral selectivity Sensitive analysis Cover Solar energy

A Novel Solar Driven Micro-CliP System： A State of the Art Review

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Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 2010年第11期4卷 30-35页

作者： A. Mayere S. riffat School of the Built Environment the University of Nottingham University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD UK

The state-of-the-art solar power system technologies are presented. Various methods of capturing solar energy using solar collectors such as parabolic trough collectors and dish collectors are reviewed. Combined heat and power （CHP） systems driven by concentrating solar absorbers and supplemented by biomass boilers are proving to be the most promising methods of domestic power generation, μCHP systems eliminate losses associated with power distribution and transmission opposed to the large scale power generation methods. The systems can utilize about 75% of solar energy to provide electric and thermal energy direct to end users. The driving potential behind μCHP systems is the thermal efficiency the systems can achieve and their market significance. Despite huge potential market for μCHP systems, the systems are yet to be seen available in commercial market. Hence the authors of this paper are currently developing such type of CHP system with electricity production being of prime importance.

关键词： Concentrator solar collector solar driven CHP turbine biomass.

Utility of transbronchial biopsy in the diagnosis of lymphangioleiomyomatosis

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Frontiers of Medicine 2012年第4期6卷 395-405页

作者： riffat Meraj Kathryn A.Wikenheiser-Brokamp Lisa R.Young Sue Byrnes Francis X.McCormack Division of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep MedicineDepartment of Internal MedicineUniversity of Cincinnati School of MedicineCincinnatiOH 45529USA Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center and University of Cincinnati School of MedicineCincinnatiOH 45529USA Division of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine Department of PediatricsVanderbilt UniversityNashvilleTN 37232USA The LAM Foundation Executive DriveCincinnatiOH 45241USA

Pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis(LAM)is a rare cystic lung disease that targets women during their reproductive years.A confident diagnosis can often be based on clinical grounds,but diagnostic certainty requires pathological *** surgical lung biopsy is considered the gold standard for obtaining tissue in patients with diffuse lung disease,it is also associated with higher morbidity and mortality than alternative,less invasive *** objective of our study was to examine the utility of transbronchial biopsy in the diagnosis of *** conducted two online surveys of over 1000 LAM patients registered with the LAM Foundation who were accessible by *** biopsy specimens were subsequently collected and reviewed by an expert pathologist to validate the *** found that transbronchial biopsy has a yield of approximately 60% in patients with *** conclude that transbronchial biopsy may be a safe and effective method for establishing the diagnosis of LAM,obviating the need for surgical lung biopsy in more than half of LAM patients.

关键词： lymphangioleiomyomatosis lymphangiomyomatosis multicystic lung disease diffuse cystic lung disease transbronchial biopsy perivascular epithelioid cell tumor(PEComa) HMB-45

New Discovery of Hipparion theobaldi Skull from the Late Miocene of Padhri,District Jhelum,Punjab,Pakistan and Associated Mammalian Fossil Assemblage

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2022年第4期96卷 1150-1165页

作者： Khizar SAMIULLAH Omer DRAZ riffat YASIN Bilal RASOOL Hafiz MUHAMMAD ISHAQ Muhammad HARIS AZIZ Rana MEHROZ FAZAL Shakila NAZ Tehreem RAZA Romesa NIAZI Department of Zoology Ghazi UniversityDera Ghazi Khan 32200Pakistan Department of Zoology Government College UniversityFaisalabad 3800Pakistan Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture Faculty of Veterinary and Animal SciencesMNSUAMultan 06005Pakistan Dragon Animal Care Center Doha 00000Qatar

A fossil-bearing locality near Padhri village,Dhok Pathan,55 km away from the tehsil Dina,Jhelum District,in the Potwar Plateau,Middle Siwaliks,Punjab,northern Pakistan,is significantly rich in mammalian *** site has provided an abundant mammalian fossil fauna of Late Miocene age from the Dhok Pathan Formation(Fm.).The recovered material belongs to four families:Equidae(horses),Rhinocerotidae(rhinos),Bovidae(cows),and Suidae(pigs).We discovered a new skull of hipparionine Hipparion theobaldi from this locality along with 22 specimens from the associated assemblage of fossil *** recovered material includes seven other species:the aceratheriine Chilotherium intermedium,boselaphines Tragoportax punjabicus,Selenoportax vexillarius,Pachyportax latidens,the antelope Gazella lydekkeri and suinine Propotamochoerus *** specimens are isolated teeth,fragments of maxilla,mandibles and horn *** Dhok Pathan *** generally composed of claystone,siltstone and sandstone beds and,based on the mammalian fauna,the Padhri fossil locality is dated as Late ***99 s formation was deposited in a subtropical paleoenvironment and the predominance of fossil bovids indicates extremely moist conditions with small but frequent standing water bodies.

关键词： vertebrate paleontology mammals fossil horses Dhok Pathan Formation Siwaliks Punjab

A Combined Forward Osmosis and Membrane Distillation System for Sidestream Treatment

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2015年第14期7卷 1111-1120页

作者： Taqsim Husnain Baoxia Mi Rumana riffat Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering George Washington University Washington DC USA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Maryland Maryland USA

Separate treatment of high-nutrient sidestream is an efficient and cost effective way to decrease the loading on the main plant, resulting in lower effluent nutrient concentration. This study investigated the use of a combined forward osmosis-membrane distillation (FO-MD) system for the removal of nitrogen present in high concentration in sidestream from anaerobic digestion process. The combined system was able to achieve almost 100% rejection of solids and acetic acid, and more than 98% rejection of NH3-N from the sidestream. The high rejection of NH3-N was mainly achieved by the FO process. The solids in the feed solution contributed to fouling problem in both FO and MD, resulting in significant decline in flux. However, 76% or higher flux recovery was achieved for FO membrane by cleaning with tap water. We observed that flux recovery was due to removal of solids from the membrane surface by the cleaning process. FO membrane also demonstrated excellent performance for continuous operation when cleaned for 15 min in every 24 h interval. Overall, the combined FO-MD system was found to be an effective solution for treatment of nutrient rich sidestream.

关键词： Forward Osmosis Membrane Distillation Sidestream Treatment Nutrient Removal

改性Ni/γ-Al2O3催化剂用于催化甲烷水蒸气重整的实验研究

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改性Ni/γ-Al2O3催化剂用于催化甲烷水蒸气重整的实验研究

作者： Sajida riffat Laraib 华北电力大学(北京)

学位级别：硕士

氢能具有较高的能量密度且污染极小,近年来受到研究者的广泛关注。生产低成本的氢能用于燃料电池对满足能源需求具有重要意义。采用可再生的绿色生物质能源制备甲烷,并采用催化甲烷水蒸气重整制氢的方法值得探索和研究。在本项研究中,... 详细信息

氢能具有较高的能量密度且污染极小,近年来受到研究者的广泛关注。生产低成本的氢能用于燃料电池对满足能源需求具有重要意义。采用可再生的绿色生物质能源制备甲烷,并采用催化甲烷水蒸气重整制氢的方法值得探索和研究。在本项研究中,采用等体积浸渍法分别制备了 Ni/γ-Al2O3催化剂以及低成本改性Ni-Al2O3/MgO/CaO和NiLa-Al2C3/MgO/CaO催化剂,探究其对甲烷转化率以及氢收率的影响。并采用BET、XRD以及TPR等表征手段探究了催化剂的物化性能。结果表明这些催化剂在600℃-750℃的温度区间内对甲烷水蒸气重整制氢都有较高的效率及稳定性。其中,改性NiLa-Al2O3/MgO/CaO催化剂在热耗较少的低温条件下维持了连续8h的高催化活性,并达到了 98.60%的转化效率。这说明NiLa-Al2C3/MgO/CaO是一种经济、有效、高效的甲烷重整制氢催化剂,达到了生产及运行成本低,效率高的目的。

关键词：催化蒸汽重整制氢镍基催化剂燃料电池

Prognostic significance of retinoblastoma gene mutation in retinoblastoma eye with respect to pathological risk factors

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Natural Science 2013年第3期5卷 411-418页

作者： Asad Aslam Khan riffat Mehboob Mulazim Hussain Bukhari Department of Ophthalmology King Edward Medical University Lahore Pakistan Department of Pathology King Edward Medical University Lahore Pakistan

Retinoblastoma (Rb) was reported firstly by Benedict is the commonest pediatric intraocular malignant tumor in children younger than 5 years of age. The study was conducted to detect the RB-1 gene for prognostic evaluation in retinoblastoma and to see the frequency of RB-1 gene in our population. This was a retrospective descriptive analytical study. Five years biopsies (January, 2006 to December 2011) of the retinoblastoma, from the Pathology department, was retrieved to see optic nerve involvement in all the retrieved specimens. The study was taken to see the mutation of RB1 gene by immunohistochemistry and PCR. The study plan was approved from Institutional Review Board (IRB) of the University. All the cases showed positivity of abnormal Rb-1 gene proteins expression by Immunohistochemistry staining. On PCR, 51/52 (98%) tumors expressed gene mutation as compared to 100% expression shown by IHC. Out of these, 28/51 (55%) cases showed ONI and ODI with positivity for mutated RB gene. A positive association was seen among RB gene mutation with ONI and ODI (p = 0.05). There were 33/51 (65%) cases who did not show any EOE but showed PCR positivity for RB gene mutation. While there were 18/51 (35%) cases who showed EOE and positivity of PCR for Rb-1 gene mutation and a positive association was seen with EOE and gene mutation (p = 0.005). The most common sequence of mutation was on 13 with 33 cases for double mutation, 12 cases for single and 6 patients for triple pattern of mutation. Most of the double and triple sequences of mutations were associated with ONI, ODI and EOE. We concluded that mutation of RB-1 gene is responsible in causation of the tumors with a positive association with tumor size and tumor extension (optic nerve, and extraocular extension), and mutation affects patients with all ages, both gender and unilateral and bilateral tumors.

关键词： Retinoblastoma RB-1 Gene Optic Nerve Optic Disc Extra-Occular Extention PCR Immunohistochemistry Sequencing

Effects of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Metals Uptake, Physiological and Biochemical Response of <i>Medicago Sativa</i>L. with Increasing Zn and Cd Concentrations in Soil

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2015年第18期6卷 2906-2923页

作者： Sadia Kanwal Asma Bano riffat Naseem Malik Environmental Biology and Ecotoxicology Laboratory Department of Environmental Sciences Faculty of Biological Sciences Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad Pakistan

The effect of mycorrhizal symbiosis on metal accumulation and plant tolerance are not commonly studied in medicinal plants under metal stress. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of mycorrhiza on alfalfa plants with the increase of Zn and Cd toxicity. The experiment was conducted under controlled laboratory conditions. Zinc (Zn) and cadmium (Cd) uptake, some biochemical and physiological parameters were studied in eight-week-old alfalfa plants in response to inoculation or not with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and with the increase of Zn (0, 100, 300, 900 mg·kg-1) and Cd concentrations (0, 100, 300, 600 mg·kg-1) in soil. The results showed that mycorrhizal (M) plants exhibited tolerance to Zn and Cd up to 300 mg·kg-1 in comparison to non-mycorrhizal (NM) plants which exhibited a significant growth reduction at the same soil Zn and Cd level. M inoculation reduced the Zn and Cd accumulation in shoot and showed higher Zn and Cd contents in roots which showed a different Zn and Cd distribution in AMF associated or non-associated plants. Mycorrhizal plants increased phosphorus (P) contents at all Zn and Cd concentrations except the highest (600 and 900 mg·kg-1) leading significant alterations in biochemical contents such as proline, antioxidant enzymes in leaves and also in nutrients (N, P, K, Cu, Ni, Fe, Mn). Zn and cadmium toxicity cause to increase the proline content in shoot of NM plants, however, proline contents are lower in M plants. Results confirmed that AMF protected alfalfa plants against Zn and Cd toxicity. Mycorrhizal colonization was able to form an efficient symbiosis with alfalfa plants in moderately contaminated Zn and Cd soils (300 mg·kg-1) and play an important role in food quality and safety.

关键词： Zinc Cadmium Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Alfalfa Phosphorus Antioxidant Enzymes

Association of retinoblastoma with clinical and histopathological risk factors

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Natural Science 2013年第4期5卷 437-444页

作者： Asad Aslam Khan Mulazim Hussain Bukhari riffat Mehboob Department of Ophthalmology Mayo Hospital King Edward Medical University Lahore Pakistan

A study was conducted to see the association of retinoblastoma with age, bilaterism, Tumor size, site, grades, involvement of anterior chamber, iris, ciliary body, choroid, sclera and optic nerve, and extraocular extension. This was a retrospective descriptive analytical study. The records of the Institute of Ophthalmology, King Edward Medical University/Mayo hospital, Lahore: Pakistan January 2006-Dec 2011 was analyzed. Five years biopsies (June 2006 to June 2012) of the retinoblastoma, from the Pathology department, was retrieved to see optic nerve involvement in all the retrieved specimens. The mean age was 3.54 ± 1.686 years. There were 15 cases of bilateral retinoblastoma and 37 cases with unilateral neoplasms. The age range of bilateral tumors was 2 - 6 years while the range in unilateral tumor was 1 - 10 years male to female ratio was 1:1.5. Among 52 cases, 37 (71.2%) patients were unilateral retinoblastoma and 15 (28.28%) patients were with bilateral disease. On radiological examination of patients suffering from retinoblastoma by B-Scan (Ultrasound), there were 33 (63.5%) cases with exophytic presentation while 18 (34.6%) cases showed endophytic morphology. On clinical examinations, 28 patients presented with proptosis of (it was the most common presenting sign in our patients, accounting for about 53.8% of cases), 20 cases presented with leucocoria eye with strabismus. 29/52 patients showed involvement with optic nerve, 17 were from 1 - 3 years age and 12 were from 4 - 6 years. Statistically there was no difference in the involvement of optic nerve, disc involvement and extra ocular extension with the age of patients (p = 0.217). There was also no statistical difference seen in age and gender for but a strong association was seen with patient’s presentation, symptoms and size of the tumors and anterior chamber, iris, ciliary body, choroid, sclera and optic nerve, and extra ocular extension. We concluded that a positive association was seen with tumor size

关键词： Retinoblastoma Optic Nerve Optic Disc Extra Ocular Extension