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DNA Markers for Selection of Late Blight Resistant Potato Breeding Lines

American Journal of Plant Sciences 2017年第6期8卷 1197-1209页

作者： Shaohua Chen Tudor Borza Bohyun Byun Robert Coffin Joyce Coffin rick peters Gefu Wang-Pruski Department of Plant Food and Environmental Sciences Faculty of Agriculture Dalhousie University Truro Canada Privar Farm Inc. North Wiltshire Canada Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Charlottetown Research and Development Centre Charlottetown Canada Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou China

Potato late blight, caused by the oomycete Phytophthora infestans, is one of the most devastating diseases in the agricultural sector around the world. Many genes (R genes) conferring resistance to late blight have been identified in various potato species and most of these R genes have been used in potato breeding. The aim of this study was to develop and validate PCR-based assays for the R genes Rpi-blb1, Rpi-blb2, Rpi-blb3 and Rpi-bt1, to distinguish between late blight resistant and late blight susceptible potato progeny in the given breeding background. A total of 100 breeding progeny were screened for the presence of these R genes and tested for resistance against P. infestans mating type A2, genotype US-8 strain, using detached leaf and tuber rot assays. PCR products for the Rpi-blb1 and Rpi-bt1 resistance genes were identified in the resistant progeny but were absent in the susceptible ones;therefore these PCR assays could differentiate between late blight resistant and susceptible plants. Genotypic data from the DNA markers derived from the Rpi-blb1 and Rpi-bt1 genes was found to correlate with the phenotypic data for foliar late blight but not with data for tuber rot. Our results demonstrate that markers derived from these two R genes could be useful for marker-assisted selection (MAS) for foliar late blight resistance in potato breeding programs.

关键词： Late Blight Phytophthora infestans Resistance R genes DNA Markers

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Inclusion engineering and metallurgy of calcium treatment

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2018年第2期25卷 133-145页

作者： Sunday Abraham rick Bodnar Justin Raines Yufeng Wang SSAB Americas Muscatine IA 52761 USA

Although a great deal of research has been done in the area of inclusion control during steelmaking, a complete description of the process of inclusion modification and shape control cannot be found in literatures. As a result, the terms ＂inclusion modification＂ and ＂shape control＂ are often used loosely in the technical community. To utilize the full potential offered by a calcium treatment, it is important to understand why an inclusion whose composition has been modified may not necessarily have its shape modified. With the purpose of decoupling the process of inclusion phase change from inclusion shape control, and to provide a complete description of the metallurgy of calcium treatment, a detailed literature survey has been performed on the subject. By coupling the survey with a new concept developed to tailor the cleanliness of steels to the intended applications, the hope is to provide the reader with valuable information on calcium treatment for inclusion modification and shape control.

关键词： Nonmetallic inclusion Cleanliness Calcium treatment Inclusion modification Inclusion shape control

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