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Differences in Kinetics,Kinematics and Muscle Activation Strategies in Male and Female Team Sport Athletes During Unanticipated Sidestepping

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2019年第2期1卷 159-167页

作者： Gillian Weir Mirra Stillman richard van emmerik Hannah Wyatt Carl Jewell Joseph Hamill Biomechanics Laboratory University of MassachusettsAmherstUSA Motor Control Laboratory University of MassachusettsAmherstUSA

Purpose The purpose of this study was to compare kinetics,kinematics and muscle activation strategies between male and female collegiate level athletes during unanticipated sidestepping tasks to further the understanding of sex-specific differ-ences in injury incidence and their potential influence on ACL injury *** Three-dimensional kinematics,ground reaction forces and surface electromyography of eight lower limb muscles were recorded during unanticipated sidestepping in 20 male soccer and 17 female field hockey National Collegiate Athlet-ics Association Division 1 ***,hip and knee kinematics,knee joint moments,total muscle activation(TMA:knee,gluteal,quadriceps,hamstrings and gastrocnemii)and directed co-contraction ratios(DCCR)were compared between groups with two-sample t *** No sex differences were observed for peak frontal and transverse plane knee moments(P>0.05),however males had 10%greater knee flexion moments(P=0.047).Females had lower hip flexion and abduction and greater hip internal rota-tion angles than males likely concomitant with the 30%reduction in gluteal TMA(P<0.05).Females had lower quadriceps TMA during pre-contact and weight acceptance and higher hamstrings TMA during weight acceptance(P<0.05).Group averages for DCCR were not representative of individual patterns,where the majority of males were quadriceps dominant compared with *** Female and male team sport athletes display similar frontal and transverse plane knee moments,however their ability to support/counter the load applied(i.e.,muscle activations strategies)to the knee joint differed.

关键词： Anterior cruciate ligament Injury Valgus Co-contraction

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Multiscale entropy:A tool for understanding the complexity of postural control

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2016年第1期5卷 44-51页

作者： Michael A.Busa richard E.A.van emmerik Department of Kinesiology University of Massachusetts Amherst

Clinical disorders often are characterized by a breakdown in dynamical processes that contribute to the control of upright *** to a large number of physiological processes operating at different time scales can lead to alterations in postural center of pressure(Co P)*** entropy(MSE) has been used to identify differences in fluctuations of postural Co P time series between groups with and without known physiological impairments at multiple time *** purpose of this paper is to:1) review basic elements and current developments in entropy techniques used to assess physiological complexity;and 2) identify how MSE can provide insights into the complexity of physiological systems operating at multiple time scales that underlie the control of *** review and synthesize evidence from the literature providing support for MSE as a valuable tool to evaluate the breakdown in the physiological processes that accompany changes due to aging and disease in postural *** evidence emerges from observed lower MSE values in individuals with multiple sclerosis,idiopathic scoliosis,and in older individuals with sensory ***,we suggest some future applications of MSE that will allow for further insight into how physiological deficits impact the complexity of postural fluctuations;this information may improve the development and evaluation of new therapeutic interventions.

关键词： Aging Movement disabilities Multiscale entropy Postural control Sensory loss

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Comparing dynamical systems concepts and techniques for biomechanical analysis

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2016年第1期5卷 3-13页

作者： richard E.A.van emmerik Scott W.Ducharme Avelino C.Amado Joseph Hamill Motor Control Laboratory Department of Kinesiology University of Massachusetts Amherst Amherst MA 01003 USA Biomechanics Laboratories Department of Kinesiology University of Massachusetts Amherst Amherst MA 01003 USA

Traditional biomechanical analyses of human movement are generally derived from linear *** these methods can be useful in many situations,they do not describe behaviors in human systems that are predominately *** this reason,nonlinear analysis methods based on a dynamical systems approach have become more prevalent in recent *** analysis techniques have provided new insights into how systems(1) maintain pattern stability,(2) transition into new states,and(3) are governed by short-and long-term(fractal) correlational processes at different spatio-temporal *** different aspects of system dynamics are typically investigated using concepts related to variability,stability,complexity,and *** purpose of this paper is to compare and contrast these different concepts and demonstrate that,although related,these terms represent fundamentally different aspects of system *** particular,we argue that variability should not uniformly be equated with stability or complexity of *** addition,current dynamic stability measures based on nonlinear analysis methods(such as the finite maximal Lyapunov exponent) can reveal local instabilities in movement dynamics,but the degree to which these local instabilities relate to global postural and gait stability and the ability to resist external perturbations remains to be ***,systematic studies are needed to relate observed reductions in complexity with aging and disease to the adaptive capabilities of the movement system and how complexity changes as a function of different task constraints.

关键词： Adaptability Complexity Dynamical systems Nonlinear dynamics Stability Variability

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