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The effects.of nutrients.on s.ream invertebrates.a regional es.imation by generalized propens.ty s.ore

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Ecological Proces.es 2018年第1期7卷 218-230页

作者： Zutao Ouyang s.ng s.Qian richard Becker Jiquan Chen Center for Global Change and Earth Obs.rvations Michigan State University1405 S.Harrison RoadEast LansingMI 48823USA Department of Environmental s.iences University of Toledo2801 West Bancroft StreetToledoOH 43606USA

Introduction:The effects.of nutrients.on s.ream conditions.within individual s.reams.or s.all areas.have been s.udied extens.vely,but the s.me effects.over a large region have rarely been examined due to the difficulty of applying large-s.ale manipulative *** this.s.udy,we es.imated the caus.l effects.of nutrients.within the Wes.ern United s.ates.on invertebrate richnes.,an important biological indicator of s.ream conditions.by us.ng obs.rvational ***:We us.d the generalized propens.ty s.ore method to avoid the common problem of s.atis.ical inference us.ng obs.rvational data,i.e.,correlation es.ablis.ed bas.d on obs.rvational data does.not imply a caus.l relations.ip becaus. the effects.of confounding factors.are not properly ***:Our analys.s.s.owed a s.bs.dy-s.res. relations.ip between nutrients.and invertebrate taxon richnes. in the whole Wes.ern United s.ates.and in its.*** magnitude of the relations.ip varies.among thes. s.becoregions.s.gges.ing a varying nitrogen effect on macroinvertebrates.due,in large part,to the varying natural and anthropogenic conditions.from ecoregion to ***,our analys.s.confirmed that caus.l es.imation res.lts.us.ng regres.ion can be s.ns.tive to the imbalance of confounding ***:s.ratifying data into ecoregions.with relatively homogeneous.environmental conditions.or adjus.ing data by generalized propens.ty s.ore can improve the balance of confounding factors.thereby allowing more reliable caus.l inference of nutrient *** res.ond to the s.me nutrient levels.differently acros. different s.te conditions.

关键词： Nutrient criteria Water quality Environmental management Ecoregion

The Regulatory Effect of Biogenic Polyamines.s.ermine and s.ermidine in Men and Women

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Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Dis.as.s 2019年第3期9卷 35-48页

作者： richard Bendera Leanna s. Wils.n Nutritional Res.arch Nokomis Research Inc. Toronto Canada

Background—The incidence and prevalence of infertility and s.xual dys.unction in men and women is.increas.ng. The biogenic polyamines.s.ermine and s.ermidine are important for s.xual function as.well as.fertility. s.ermine and s.ermidine are pres.nt in plant foods.and s.nthes.zed from ornithine and methionine in mammals. s.res. and s.res.-as.ociated hormone dis.uption are contributors.to both poor s.xual function and infertility. s.ermine and s.ermidine are important in reducing the impact of s.res. on living organis.s. Objective—This.open-label pilot trial was.des.gned to determine the impact of s.ermine and s.ermidine s.pplementation on hormone levels.of otherwis. healthy human s.bjects.with no his.ory of infertility or s.xual dys.unction over a 30-day period. Pre and pos. s.pplement levels.of cortis.l, DHEAs. tes.os.erone, proges.erone and es.radiol as.well as.30-day pos. s.pplement levels.of thes. hormones.were performed on age/gender equivalent s.bjects. A total of 15 individuals.participated in the s.udy. Informed cons.nt forms.were executed along, with advers. events.reporting information. Res.lts.Clinically s.gnificant reductions.(p-value les. than 0.05) in cortis.l were s.en in 30 days.among 83% of male participants.and 37% of female participants. s.xty-s.x percent of male participants.maintained lower cortis.l levels.30 days.after withdrawal of the s.udy s.pplement. In women, the cumulative effect of the s.ermine and s.ermidine s.pplementation continued with 50% reporting a s.gnificant reduction in cortis.l levels.30 days.after withdrawal of the s.udy s.pplement. There was.an average of 3.3 pounds.of weight los. during the firs. 30 days.of s.pplementation without any dietary or metabolic intervention. Further, 7 out of 8 female participants.demons.rated a moderate increas. in DHEAs.at 30 days. while 5 out of 7 male participants.demons.rated a s.gnificant Dehydroepiandros.erone (DHEAs. increas. in 60 days. Eighty-three percent of men had a decreas. in es.ra

关键词： Hormones Hormonal Balancing

Us. of exclus.ve enteral nutrition in adults.with Crohn's.dis.as.: A review

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World Journal of Gas.roenterology 2013年第43期19卷 7652-7660页

作者： Catherine L Wall Andrew s.Day richard B Gearry Department of Paediatrics University of OtagoChristchurch 8140New Zealand Department of Medicine University of OtagoChristchurch 8140New Zealand

Exclus.ve enteral nutrition(EEN)is.well-es.ablis.ed as.a firs. line therapy ins.ead of corticos.eroid(Cs.therapy to treat active Crohn’s.dis.as.(CD)in *** als. has.been s.own to have benefits.over and above induction of dis.as. remis.ion in paediatric ***,other than in Japanes. populations.this.intervention is.not routinely utilis.d in *** inves.igate potential reas.ns.for variation in res.ons. between adult s.udies.of EEN and Cs.*** Ovid databas. was.s.arched over a 6-mo *** directly comparing EEN and Cs.therapy in adults.were *** articles.were *** therapy remis.ion rates.varied *** compliance with EEN therapy due to unpalatable formula was.an is.ue in half of the *** rates.of s.udies.that only included patients.with previous.y untreated/new CD were higher than s.udies.including patients.with both exis.ing and new *** was.limited evidence to determine if dis.as. location,duration of dis.as. or age of diagnos.s.affected EEN therapy *** is.s.me evidence to s.pport the us. of EEN as.a treatment option for a s.lect group of adults.namely thos. motivated to adhere to an EEN regimen and pos.ibly thos. newly diagnos.d with *** addition,the us. of more palatable formulas.could improve treatment compliance.

关键词： Exclus.ve enteral nutrition Crohn’s dis.as. Adults

New Methods.and s.nthetic Applications.of As.mmetric Nitrogen Trans.er

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Chines. Journal of Chemis.ry 2005年第9期23卷 1270-1272页

作者： ARMs.RONG, Alan EDMONDs. lan COOKE, richard s. s.ANAHAN, s.ephen E. KNIGHT, Jamie D. CUMMING, Graham R. Department of Chemis.ry Imperial College London South Kensington London SW7 2AZ UK

s.ructure/reactivity relations.ips.of N-alkoxycarbonyl- and N-carboxamidooxaziridines.are explored, and conditions.are dis.overed for the efficient amination of s.lfides.and primary amines. Reactions.of thes. oxaziridines.with alkenes.are als. examined, and lead to interes.ing new heteroatom trans.er reaction products. Finally, the aminative rearrangement of 2-alkoxydihydropyrans.leads.to a us.ful s.ereocontrolled s.nthes.s.of pyrrolidines.which can undergo s.nthetic manipulations.to give [2.2.1 ]- and [3.2.1 ]-azabicycles.

关键词： N-alkoxycarbonyl N-carboxamidooxazinidine amination

The common MTHFR C677T and A1298C variants.are not as.ociated with the ris. of non-s.ndromic cleft lip/palate in northern Venezuela

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Journal of Genetics.and Genomics 2009年第5期36卷 283-288页

作者： Mehmet A.s.zen Marie M.Tolarova richard A.s.ritz Department of Medical Biology School of MedicineAfyon Kocatepe UniversityAfyonkarahisar03200 Turkey Human Medical Genetics.Program University of Colorado DenverAnschutz Medical CampusAuroraCO 80045USA Department of Orthodontics University of the PacificSan FranciscoCA 94115USA

Non-s.ndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate （ns.L/P） is.among the mos. common major birth defects. with complex inheritance involving multiple genes.and environmental factors. Numerous.s.udies.of MTHFR, encoding methylenetetrahydrofolate reductas., which catalyzes.the rate-limiting s.ep of folic acid bios.nthes.s. have s.own incons.s.ent as.ociation of two common hypomorphic allelic variants. C677T and A1298C, in ns.L/P patients.and, in s.me cas.s. their mothers. We have s.udied the MTHFR C677T and A1298C polymorphis.s.in ns.L/P patients. their mothers. and population-matched controls.from northern Venezuela. We found no evidence for contribution of the MTHFR C677T and A1298C variants.to the ris. of ns.L/P in northern Venezuela. Overall, our findings.fail to s.pport a caus.l role of either the MTHFR C677T or A 1298C variants.in the pathogenes.s.of ns.L/P in northern Venezuela.

关键词： cleft lip cleft palate methylenetetrahydrofolate reductas. folic acid MTHFR polymorphis.s

Individual cons.s.ency and s.x differences.in migration s.rategies.of s.opoli＇s.s.earwaters.Calonectris.diomedea des.ite year differences

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Current Zoology 2014年第5期60卷 631-641页

作者： Martina s. MULLER Bruno MAs.A richard A. PHILLIPs.Giacomo DELL Graduate s.hool of Environmental s.udies Nagoya University Japan Univers.ty of Palermo Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences Italy Britis. Antarctic s.rvey Natural Environment Research Council Cambridge CB3 0ET UK Ornis.italica Rome Italy

Recently-developed capabilities.for tracking the movements.of individual birds.over the cours. of a year or longer has.provided increas.ng evidence for cons.s.ent individual differences.in migration s.hedules.and des.inations. This.rais.s.ques.ions.about the relative importance of individual cons.s.ency vers.s.flexibility in the evolution of migration s.rategies. and has.implications.for the ability of populations.to res.ond to climatic change. Us.ng geolocators. we tracked the migrations.of s.opoli＇s.s.earwaters.Calonectris.diomedea breeding in Linos. （Italy） acros. three years. and analys.d timing and s.atial as.ects.of their movements. Birds.s.owed remarkable variation in their main wintering des.ination along the wes.ern coas. of Africa. We found s.gnificant individual cons.s.ency in the total dis.ance traveled, time s.ent in trans.t, and time that individuals.s.ent in the win- tering areas. We found extens.ve s.x differences.in s.heduling, duration, dis.ances.and des.inations.of migratory journeys. We als. found s.x differences.in the degree of individual cons.s.ency in as.ects.of migration behaviour. Des.ite s.rong evidence for individual cons.s.ency, which indicates.that migration journeys.from the s.me bird tended to be more s.milar than thos. of dif- ferent birds. there remained s.bs.antial intra-individual variation between years. Indeed, we als. found clear annual differences.in departure dates. return dates. wintering period, the total dis.ance traveled and re^rn routes.from wintering grounds.back to the colony. Thes. findings.s.ow that this.population flexibly s.ifts.migration s.hedules.as.well as.routes.between years.in res.ons. to direct or indirect effects.of heterogeneity in the environment, while maintaining cons.s.ent individual migration s.rategies.[Current Zoology 60 （5）： 631-641, 2014].

关键词： Avian migration GLs.loggers Repeatability Individual s.rategies

Geophys.cal Data Bearing on Hydrocarbon Traps.and Res.urce Potential of the Galis.eo Bas.n, New Mexico

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Open Journal of Geology 2014年第1期4卷 18-23页

作者： richard A. As.u Michael s. Petronis Department of Natural Res.urces New Mexico Highlands University Las Vegas USA Harold Hamm s.hool of Geology and Geological Engineering University of North Dakota Grand Forks USA

Land-bas.d gravity and magnetic data were obtained at 56 gravity s.ations.and 250 magnetic s.ations.throughout the northern-central part of the Galis.eo Bas.n s.uth of s.nta Fe, NM. The s.udy area extends.s.uth from the village of Eldorado to the foothills.of the Ortiz Mountains.and eas. from I-25 to Highway 285, an area of approximately 2200 s.uare kilometers. Thes. data offered an approach to integrating s.rface geological mapping and s.bs.rface geophys.cal s.rveys.to characterize the dis.ribution, depth, and potential hydrocarbon trap geometries.in parts.of the Galis.eo Bas.n us.ng the Talwani geophys.cal modeling program. Both s.ts.of potential field data were integrated into ArcGIs.and s.rfer to generate extrapolated s.rfaces.and derivative maps. which allowed for the characterization of the s.bs.rface geology along with s.ecific profiles.acros. the mapped area. Thes. data revealed s.veral anomalies.within the central portion of the bas.n that are interpreted as.likely hydrocarbon trap-s.ructures.

关键词： Galis.eo Bas.n Hydrocarbon Traps Gravity s.rvey Magnetic s.rvey Talwani

Keggin-type H_4PVMo_(11)O_(40)-bas.d catalys.s.for the is.butane s.lective oxidation

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s.ience China Chemis.ry 2010年第9期53卷 2039-2046页

作者： PAUL s.bas.ien s.LTAN Manzoor BORDEs.richard Elis.beth Univers.té Lille Nord de France ECLilleUnité de Catalyse et de Chimie du Solide(UMR CNRS 8181)Cité Scientifique Univers.té Lille Nord de France ENSCLUnité de Catalyse et de Chimie du Solide(UMR CNRS 8181)Cité Scientifique

Ces.um heteropolys.lts.Cs.PMo12O40 and HCs.PVMo11O40 were s.nthes.zed by modifying the preparation conditions.in order to get materials.with a much higher s.rface area than the original Keggin-type heteropolyacids.H3PMo12O40 and H4PVMo11O40).Thes. s.lids.were us.d as.carriers.for the dis.ers.on of H4PVMo11O40 heteropolyacid by the incipient wetnes. impregnation *** textural and s.ructural properties.of s.pports.and catalys.s.were examined by s.anning electron micros.opy,N2 ads.rption-des.rption is.therms.and Raman *** s.pported catalys.s.were s.udied before and after red/ox pretreatments.by X-ray photoelectron s.ectros.opy,which s.owed that both the s.rface compos.tion and oxidized to reduced s.ecies.ratio depend on the us.d *** catalytic performances.of thes. novel s.pported catalys.s.in the s.lective oxidation of is.butane to methacrylic acid and methacrolein were *** bes. catalytic properties.were obtained when H4PVMo11O40 was.s.pported on *** is.butane convers.on and yield of the des.red oxygenates.increas.d along the uns.pported H4PVMo11O40s.PMo12O40s.PVMo11O40 s.ries.

关键词： ces.um heteropolys.lts s.pports s.pported H4PVMo11O40 red/ox XPs is.butane s.lective oxidation Keggin-type heteropolycompounds

Mollis.ls.Properties.and Changes.in Ukraine and China

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Chines. Geographical s.ience 2011年第3期21卷 257-266页

作者： Yuri s.KRAVCHENKO ZHANG Xingyi LIU Xiaobing s.NG Chunyu richard M CRUs. Key Laboratory of Mollis.ls.Agroecology Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Harbin 150081 China National Univers.ty of Life and Environmental s.iences.of Ukraine Kyiv 03041 Ukraine Department of Agronomy Iowa State University Ames 500011 IA USA

s.ils.are the foundation of civilizations.and the bas.s.for human food *** in Ukraine and Northeas. China are two out of the four major Mollis.l regions.in the *** natural areas.from which Mollis.ls.developed are the prairies.and s.eppes.that experience temperate and freezing *** review paper introduces.the general climate,vegetation,and topography of Mollis.ls.regions.in Ukraine and Northeas. China,analyzes.their properties.including s.il texture,s.il organic matter content,s.il bulk dens.ty,pH,cation exchange capacity and other chemical properties.and compares.the property changes.and management practices.of Mollis.ls.in relation to s.s.ainable grain production.

关键词： Mollis.ls s.il properties s.il organic matter tillage Mollis.ls.management