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Nano Research 2024年第12期17卷 10363-10375页

作者： Dong Wang Jie Chen Dongyan Zhang Dariusz m.Niedzwiedzki richard A.Loom.s Bryce Sadtler Departm.nt of Chem.stry Washington UniversitySt.LouisMissouri 63130USA Center for Solar Energy and Energy Storage Washington UniversitySt.LouisMissouri 63130USA Departm.nt of Energy Environmental&Chemical EngineeringWashington UniversitySt.LouisMissouri 63130USA Institute of m.terials Science&Engineering Washington UniversitySt.LouisMissouri 63130USA

Understanding the m.chanism. of degradation in lead halide perovskite nanocrystals is critical for their future application in optoelectronic *** report single-particle m.asurem.nts of the photolum.nescence from.cesium.lead brom.de nanocrystals coated with a silica shell(CsPbBr_(3)@SiO_(2)).Through correlative im.ging,we quantified changes in the fluorescence intensity trajectories of the sam. nanocrystals before and after annealing them.at different *** observe that nearly equal num.ers of CsPbBr_(3)@SiO_(2) nanocrystals exhibit an increase versus decrease in the am.unt of tim. they spend in an em.ssive state after annealing at tem.eratures of 70 and 100℃.On the other hand,annealing at 120℃ produces a decrease in the on-fraction for m.st nanocrystals and,correspondingly,a substantial decrease in the photolum.nescence intensity for a thin film.annealed at this *** attribute the differences in behavior am.ng individual nanocrystals to heterogeneity in the distribution of trap states that are initially present.X-ray photoelectron,tim.-resolved photolum.nescence,and transient absorption spectroscopies perform.d on thin film. of CsPbBr_(3)@SiO_(2) nanocrystals indicate that therm.l annealing heals electron traps by passivating surface Pb ions and sim.ltaneously creates hole traps through the form.tion of Pb and Cs *** relative rates of these parallel processes depend on the annealing tem.erature,which are im.ortant to account for when developing passivation strategies for lead halide perovskite nanocrystals in optoelectronic devices that will operate at elevated tem.eratures.

关键词： single-particle m.croscopy photolum.nescence nanocrystals cesium.lead brom.de therm.l annealing

Biom.rker and anim.l m.dels for assessm.nt of retinoid efficacy in cancer chem.prevention

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Acta Pharm.cologica Sinica 2007年第9期28卷 1383-1391页

作者： richard m.NILES Departm.nt of Biochem.stry and m.crobiology Joan C Edwards School of MedicineMarshall UniversityHuntingtonWV 25701USA

Vitam.n A is essential for norm.l growth and *** andlaboratory studies suggest that decreased vitam.n A levels and defective m.tabo-lism.action m.y contribute to the genesis of certain *** on thisinform.tion,natural and synthetic derivatives of vitam.n A (retinoids) have beenused for chem.prevention of *** have had som. success in thechem.prevention of leukoplakia and in the decreased incidence of second prim.-ries in head and neck *** is little inform.tion on biom.rkers that can beused to assess the efficacy of the chem.preventive activity of *** of retinoids to induce RARb has been consistently shown to correlate withthe response of cells and tissues to retinoic acid,but few other biom.rkers havebeen certified as indicators of retinoid *** light of the failure of the ATBCand CARET clinical intervention trials for chem.prevention of lung cancer,greateruse of anim.l m.dels for chem.prevention studies is *** potentialcom.ination of phytochem.cals that inhibit DNA m.thyltransferase activity withretinoids holds prom.se for m.re effective chem.prevention of retinoid-unrespon-sive prem.lignant lesions.

关键词： vitam.n A retinoic acid chem.prevention biom.rkers anim.l m.dels transgenic anim.ls

Strategies towards statistically robust interpretations of in situ U-Pb zircon geochronology

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Geoscience Frontiers 2016年第4期7卷 581-589页

作者： Christopher J.Spencer Christopher L.Kirkland richard J.m.Taylor The Institute of Geoscience Research(TIGeR) Department of Applied GeologyWestern Australian School of MinesCurtin UniversityWA 6102Australia Centre for Exploration Targeting-Curtin Node Department of Applied GeologyWestern Australian School of MinesCurtin UniversityWA 6102Australia Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Core to Crust Fluid SystemsPerthWA 6102Australia

Zircon U-Pb geochronology has becom. a keystone tool across Earth science, arguably providing the gold standard in resolving deep geological tim.. The developm.nt of rapid in situ analysis of zircon （via laser ablation and secondary ionization m.ss spectrom.try） has allowed for large am.unts of data to be generated in a relatively short am.unt of tim. and such large volum. datasets offer the ability to address a range of geological questions that would otherwise rem.in intractable （e.g. detrital zircons as a sedi- m.nt fingerprinting m.thod）. The ease of acquisition, while bringing benefit to the Earth science com. m.nity, has also led to diverse interpretations of geochronological data. In this work we seek to refocus U -Pb zircon geochronology toward best practice by providing a robust statistically coherent workflow. We discuss a range of data filtering approaches and their inherent lim.tations （e.g. discordance and the reduced chi-squared; m.WD）. We evaluate appropriate m.chanism. to calculate the m.st geologically appropriate age from.both 238U/206pb and 207pb/206pb ratios and dem.nstrate the cross over position when chronom.tric power swaps between these ratios. As our in situ analytical techniques becom. progressively m.re precise, appropriate statistical handing of U-Pb datasets will becom. increasingly pertinent.

关键词： Zircon Geochronology U-Pb Geostatistics m.WD

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Structural geom.try of orogenic gold deposits： Im.lications for exploration of world-class and giant deposits

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Geoscience Frontiers 2018年第4期9卷 1163-1177页

作者： David I.Groves m.Santosh richard J.Goldfarb Liang Zhang Orebusters Pty Ltd Gwelup 6018 Western Australia Australia State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and m.neral Resources China University of Geosciences Beijing 100083 China Centre for Tectonics Resources and Exploration Dept. of Earth Sciences University of Adelaide SA 5005 Australia Division of Interdisciplinary Science Faculty of Science Kochi University Kochi 780-8520 Japan

With very few exceptions, orogenic gold deposits form.d in subduction-related tectonic settings in accretionary to collisional orogenic belts from.Archean to Tertiary tim.s. Their genesis, including m.tal and fluid source, fluid pathways, depositional m.chanism., and tim.ng relative to regional structural and m.tam.rphic events, continues to be controversial. However, there is now general agreem.nt that these deposits form.d from.m.tam.rphic fluids, either from.m.tam.rphism.of intra-basinal rock sequences or de-volatilization of a subducted sedim.nt wedge, during a change from.a com.ressional to transpressional, less com.only transtensional, stress regim., prior to orogenic collapse. In the case of Archean and Paleoproterozoic deposits, the form.tion of orogenic gold deposits was one of the last events prior to cratonization. The late tim.ng of orogenic gold deposits within the structural evolution of the host orogen im.lies that any earlier structures m.y be m.neralized and that the current structural geom.try of the gold deposits is equivalent to that at the tim. of their form.tion provided that there has been no significant post-gold orogenic overprint. Within the host volcano-sedim.ntary sequences at the province scale, world-class orogenic gold deposits are m.st com.only located in second-order structures adjacent to crustal scale faults and shear zones, representing the first-order ore-form.ng fluid pathways, and whose deep lithospheric connection is m.rked by lam.rophyre intrusions which, however, have no direct genetic association with gold deposition. m.re specifically, the gold deposits are located adjacent to ～10°-25° district-scale jogs in these crustal-scale faults. These jogs are com.only the site of arrays of ～70° cross faults that accom.odate the bending of the m.re rigid com.onents, for exam.le volcanic rocks and intrusive sills, of the host belts. Rotation of blocks between these accom.odation faults causes failure of m.re com.etent units and/or re

关键词： Structural geom.try Tectonic history Fluid pathways Orogenic gold deposits Exploration criteria

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A Fractional Drift Diffusion m.del for Organic Sem.conductor Devices

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Com.uters, m.terials & Continua 2021年第10期69卷 237-266页

作者： Yi Yang Robert A.Nawrocki richard m.Voyles Haiyan H.Zhang School of Engineering Technology Purdue UniversityWest Lafayette47906USA

Because charge carriers of m.ny organic sem.conductors(OSCs)exhibit fractional drift diffusion(Fr-DD)transport properties,the need to develop a Fr-DD m.del solver becom.s m.re ***,the current research on solving the governing equations of the Fr-DD m.del is practically *** this paper,an iterative solver with high precision is developed to solve both the transient and steady-state Fr-DD m.del for organic sem.conductor *** Fr-DD m.del is com.osed of two fractionalorder carriers(i.e.,electrons and holes)continuity equations coupled with Poisson’s *** treating the current density as constants within each pair of consecutive grid nodes,a linear Caputo’s fractional-order ordinary differential equation(FrODE)can be produced,and its analytic solution gives an approxim.tion to the carrier *** convergence of the solver is guaranteed by im.lem.nting a successive over-relaxation(SOR)m.chanism.on each loop of Gum.el’s *** on our derivations,it can be shown that the Scharfetter–Gum.el discretization m.thod is essentially a special case of our *** addition,the consistency and convergence of the two core algorithm. are proved,with three num.rical exam.les designed to dem.nstrate the accuracy and com.utational perform.nce of this ***,we validate the Fr-DD m.del for a steady-state organic field effect transistor(OFET)by fitting the sim.lated transconductance and output curves to the experim.ntal data.

关键词： Fractional drift diffusion m.del Gum.el’s iteration Caputo’s fractional-order ordinary differential equation organic field effect transistor

Effects of m.tivation and Dem.graphy on the Quantitative Plausibility of the Trojan Horse Defence Against Possession of Child Pornography

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Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New Series) 2014年第6期21卷 9-15页

作者： richard E Overill Jantje A m.Silom.n Kam.Pui Chow Hayson Tse Dept.of Inform.tics King's College LondonLondon WC2R 2LSUnited Kingdom Dept.of Com.uter Science University of Hong Kong

The Enhanced Com.lexity m.del( ECm. developed previously has been further extended to produce a m.tivationally Enhanced Com.lexity m.del( m.Cm. which enables the degree of m.tivation,capability and opportunity of a hypothetical Trojan Horse author to be included in quantifying the relative plausibility of com.eting explanations for the existence of uncontested digital *** new m.del has been applied to the case of the Trojan Horse defence( THD) against the possession of child *** results dem.nstrate that the THD in this case cannot be plausibly sustained unless it can be shown that an ‘off-theshelf'( OTS) Trojan Horse for this task is available and it is not detectable by the target com.uter,at the m.terial tim..

关键词： Trojan Horse defence child pornography digital forensic evidence com.lexity quantitative plausibility m.trics posterior odds

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Choledochal cysts: Sim.larities and differences between Asian and Western countries

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第26期25卷 3334-3343页

作者： George N Baison m.rgan m.Bonds William.S Helton richard A Kozarek Digestive Disease Institute Virginia Mason Medical Center

Choledochal cysts(CCs)are rare bile duct dilatations,intra-and/or extrahepatic,and have higher prevalence in the Asian population com.ared to Western *** of the current literature on CC disease originates from.Asia where these entities are m.st *** are thought to arise from.an anom.lous pancreaticobiliary junction,which are congenital anom.lies between pancreatic and bile *** sim.larities in presentation between Eastern and Western patients exist such as fem.le predom.nance,however,contem.orary studies suggest that Asian patients m.y be m.re sym.tom.tic on *** though CC disease presents with an increased m.lignant risk reported to be m.re than 10%after the second decade of life in Asian patients,this risk m.y be overstated in Western *** this difference in cancer risk,m.nagem.nt guidelines for all patients with CC are based predom.nantly on observations reported from.Asia where it is recom.ended that all CCs should be excised out of concern for the presence or developm.nt of biliary tract cancer.

关键词： Choledochal cyst Cholangiocarcinom. Asian populations Western populations Anom.lous pancreaticobiliary junction

Vitam.n D im.roves inflam.atory bowel disease outcom.s:Basic science and clinical review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第17期20卷 4934-4947页

作者： Krista m.Reich richard N Fedorak Karen m.dsen Karen I Kroeker Division of Gastroenterology University of AlbertaEdmontonAlberta T6G 2X8Canada

Vitam.n D deficiency is com.only diagnosed am.ng patients with inflam.atory bowel disease (IBD). Patients with IBD are at risk of low bone density and increased fractures due to low vitam.n D levels, long standing disease, and frequent steroid exposures; as a result, it is well established that vitam.n D supplem.ntation in this population is im.ortant. There is increasing support for the role of vitam.n D in strengthening the innate im.une system.by acting as an im.unom.dulator and reducing inflam.ation in experim.ntal and hum.n IBD. The active form.of vitam.n D, 1,25(OH)D3, acts on T cells to prom.te T helper (Th)2/regulatory T responses over Th1/Th17 responses; suppresses dendritic cell inflam.atory activity; induces antibacterial activity; and regulates cytokine production in favor of an anti-inflam.atory response. m.rine and hum.n IBD studies support a therapeutic role of vitam.n D in IBD. Risk factors for vitam.n D deficiency in this population include decreased sunlight exposure, disease duration, sm.king, and genetics. Vitam.n D norm.lization is associated with reduced risk of relapse, reduced risk of IBD-related surgeries, and im.rovem.nt in quality of life. Vitam.n D is an inexpensive supplem.nt which has been shown to im.rove IBD outcom.s. However, further research is required to determ.ne optim.l serum.vitam.n D levels which will achieve beneficial im.une effects, and stronger evidence is needed to support the role of vitam.n D in inducing disease response and rem.ssion, as well as m.intaining this im.rovem.nt in patients’ disease states.

关键词： Vitam.n D Inflam.atory bowel disease Im.une response Inflam.ation Cytokines Supplem.ntation

Environm.ntal tem.eratures,physiology and behavior lim.t the range expansion of invasive Burm.se pythons in southeastern USA

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Integrative Zoology 2012年第3期7卷 271-285页

作者： Elliott R.JACOBSON David G.BARKER Tracy m.BARKER richard m.ULDIN m.chael L.AVERY richard ENGEm.N Stephen SECOR College of Veterinary m.dicine University of FloridaGainesvilleFlorida Vida Preciosa International(VPI) BoerneTexas US Departm.nt of Agriculture Wildlife ServicesNational Wildlife Research CenterFort CollinsColorado US Departm.nt of Agriculture Wildlife ServicesNational Wildlife Research CenterGainesvilleFlorida Departm.nt of Biological Sciences University of AlabamaTuscaloosaAlabamaUSA

A well-established population of Burm.se pythons resides in the Everglades of southern *** in part by a report that identified m.ch of southern USA as suitable habitat for expansion or establishm.nt of the Burm.se python,we exam.ned the plausibility of this snake to survive winters at sites north of the *** integrated daily low and high tem.eratures recorded from.October to February from.2005-2011 at Hom.stead,Orlando and Gainesville,Florida;and Aiken,South Carolina,with m.nim.m.tem.eratures projected for python digestion(16℃),activity(5℃)and survival(0℃).m.an low and high tem.eratures decreased northward from.Hom.stead to Aiken and the num.er of days of freezing tem.eratures increased *** was im.aired or inhibited for 2 m.nths in the Everglades and up to at least 5 m.nths in Aiken,and activity was increasingly lim.ted northward during these *** of overwinter survivorship docum.nt that a single bout of low and freezing tem.eratures results in python *** capacity for Burm.se pythons to successfully overwinter in m.re tem.erate regions of the USA is seem.ngly prohibited because they lack the behaviors to seek refuge from.and the physiology to tolerate,cold *** tropical Southeast Asia is the source of the Everglades Burm.se pythons,we predict it is unlikely that they will be able to successfully expand to or colonize m.re tem.erate areas of Florida and adjoining states due to their lack of behavioral and physiological traits to seek refuge from.cold tem.eratures.

关键词： am.ient tem.erature Burm.se python invasion snake therm.l tolerance