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Glutamate reduces experimental intestinal hyperpermeability and facilitates glutamine support of gut integrity

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第12期17卷 1569-1573页

作者： Mechteld AR Vermeulen jeffrey de jong Mathijs j Vaessen Paul AM van Leeuwen alexander Pj Houdijk Department of Surgery VU University Medical Center1007 MB AmsterdamThe Netherlands Department of Surgery Gemini Hospital1782 GZ Den HelderThe Netherlands Department of Surgery Medical Center Alkmaar1815 JD AlkmaarThe Netherlands

AIM:To assess whether glutamate plays a similar role to glutamine in preserving gut wall ***:The effects of glutamine and glutamate on induced hyperpermeability in intestinal cell lines were *** hyperpermeability was induced in *** and HT-29CL.19A cell lines by adding phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate(PDB) apically,after which the effects of glutamine and glutamate on horseradish peroxidase(HRP) diffusion were *** inhibitor of glutamate transport(L-trans-pyrrolidine-2,4-dicarboxylic acid:trans-PDC) and an irreversible blocker(acivicin) of the extracellular glutamine to glutamate converting enzyme,γ-glutamyltransferase,were ***:Apical to basolateral HRP flux increased significantly compared to controls not exposed to PDB (n=30,P<0.001).Glutamine application reduced hyperpermeability by 19%and 39%in the respective cell *** application reduced hyperpermeability by 30%and 20%,*** of HT29CL.19A cells with acivicin and subsequent PDB and glutamine addition increased permeability *** of *** cells with trans-PDC followed by PDB and glutamate addition also resulted in high permeability ***:Apical glutamate-similar to glutaminecan decrease induced paracellular *** conversion of glutamine to glutamate and subsequent uptake of glutamate could be a pivotal step in the mechanism underlying the protective effect of glutamine.

关键词： Apical Basolateral Flux Glutamate Glutamine Gut protection Gut wall integrity Intestine Permeability

Nitrate reductase activity in high-mountain plants:a test across species,growth form and habitat type

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journal of Plant Ecology 2019年第3期12卷 519-530页

作者： Adam Rajsz Bronisław Wojtuń Lucyna Mróz Ludwik Żołnierz alexander j.Kempers Department of Ecology Biogeochemistry and Environmental ProtectionWrocław Universityul.Kanonia 6/850-328 WrocławPoland Department of Botany and Plant Ecology University of Environmental and Life Sciences.Pl.Grunwaldzki 24a50-363 WrocławPoland Radboud University Nijmegen Institute for Water and Wetland ResearchDepartment of Environmental ScienceHeyendaalseweg 1356525 AJ NijmegenThe Netherlands

Aims For many terrestrial plants,nitrate is the most important form of available soil nitrogen for ***,many plant species,which grow on acidic,ammonium-dominated soils,exhibit a con-stantly low level of nitrate reductase activity(NRA).Little is known about NRA in high-mountain vascular plants in similar *** tested the hypothesis that high-mountain vascular plants in acidic and ammonium-dominated habitats have low levels of *** Twenty-six plant species of the families Asteraceae,Ericaceae,Poaceae,Polygonaceae,Salicaceae,Pinaceae,Ranunculaceae,Woodsiaceae,Cyperaceae,juncaceae,Rosaceae and Urticaceae representing different growth forms were investigated in seven native and anthropogenic habitats of subalpine and alpine belts of the Karkonosze(Hercynian middle-mountains,Central Europe),with respect to leaf NRA and mineral nitrogen forms in *** was measured by an in vivo assay for the first time directly in the field using portable water *** Findings An NRA study of vascular plants from high mountains is presented for the first time,and most of the studied subalpine and alpine species were subjected to field measurements for the first time *** among species,families,growth forms and habitats for NRA were *** differences reflected mainly the taxonomical position and in part ecological *** analysis confirmed that variance component showed that enzyme activities were mostly explained by plant species and ***,the subalpine and alpine species from their native habitats are characterized by very low and low ability for nitrate *** also compared NRA with Ellenberg’s N val-ues for the studied *** a regression equation,N values of some species were calculated for the first time and corrected for the others.

关键词： nitrate reductase subalpine and alpine habitats Ellenberg's N values the Karkonosze Hercynian middle-mountains

Classifying handedness in chiral nanomaterials using label error robust deep learning

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 1417-1423页

作者： C.K.Groschner alexander j.Pattison Assaf Ben-Moshe A.Paul Alivisatos Wolfgang Theis M.C.Scott Department of Materials Science and Engineering UC BerkeleyBerkeleyCAUSA School of Physics and Astronomy University of BirminghamBirminghamUK Department of Chemistry University of CaliforniaBerkeleyBerkeleyCAUSA Materials Sciences Division Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCAUSA Molecular Foundry Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyBerkeleyCAUSA

High-throughput scanning electron microscopy(SEM)coupled with classification using neural networks is an ideal method to determine the morphological handedness of large populations of chiral *** labeling removes the time-consuming manual labeling of training data,but introduces label error,and subsequently classification error in the trained neural ***,we evaluate methods to minimize classification error when training from automated labels of SEM datasets of chiral Tellurium *** the mirror relationship between images of opposite handed particles,we artificially create populations of varying label *** analyze the impact of label error rate and training method on the classification error of neural networks on an ideal dataset and on a practical *** the three training methods considered,we find that a pretraining approach yields the most accurate results across label error rates on ideal datasets,where size and other morphological variables are held constant,but that a co-teaching approach performs the best in practical application.

关键词： error chiral remove

TiO2 nanosheets synthesized by atomic layer deposition for photocatalysis

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2016年第5期26卷 493-497页

作者： Riyanto Edy Yuting Zhao Gaoshan S.Huang jianjun j.Shi jing Zhang alexander A.Solovev Yongfeng Mei State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials College of Material Science and Engineering Donghua University Department of Materials Science Fudan University College of Science Donghua University

Two-dimensional TiOnanosheets were synthesized by atomic layer deposition(ALD) on dissolvable sacrificial polymer layer. The photocatalytic performance of free-standing TiOnanosheets prepared with different numbers of ALD cycles(100, 300, 500, and 1000) were investigated by evaluating the degradation rates of methyl orange solutions. It is shown that the photocatalytic activity increases due to Tidefect and the locally ordered structures in amorphous TiOnanosheets. The difference in the surface areas of nanosheets may also play a crucial role in the photocatalytic activity. The results obtained in this work can have potential applications in fields like water splitting and dye-sensitized solar cells.

关键词： TiO2 Atomic layer deposition Nanosheet Photocatalysis

Patient Feedback for Acupuncture Practice Improvement:A Survey from Mayo Clinic

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Chinese journal of Integrative Medicine 2017年第11期23卷 816-821页

作者： Barbara S Thomley Saswati Mahapatra Brent A Bauer Molly j Mallory LI Guang-xi alexander Do Tony Y Chon Division of Operations Mayo Clinic HospitalAZ(85054)United States Integrative Medicine and Health Division of General Internal MedicineMayo ClinicMN(55902)United States

Objective： To understand patient satisfaction with acupuncture appointment duration for the first and subsequent appointments in the plan of care, time spent with the acupuncture provider, willingness to pay for longer duration appointments, and lack of insurance coverage. Methods： Patients who were referred for an acupuncture consult to the Center for Integrative Medicine at Mayo Clinic were asked to participate in the survey in August 2014. Patients were given paper survey at time of appointment check-in and entered into Research Electronic Data Capture Survey database tool to reveal patient-reported outcomes. Results： In total, 104 of 329 patients receiving acupuncture treatment responded to the survey with a 32% response rate. Insight and recommended changes to the duration of the initial and subsequent appointments were obtained. Most patients reported that time spent with the provider（76 cases, 74%） and appointment length（74 cases, 68%） were ＂just right＂. Seventy cases（70%） of respondents indicated that they wanted longer treatment. Patients reported return appointments with duration of 30 min was not enough. Fifty-three patients（62%） were willing to pay for additional costs not covered by insurance. Conclusions： We used patient feedback to assess the acupuncture practice in a complementary and integrative medicine program. Most patients referred for the acupuncture consult appeared to be satisfied with the current level of practice. These findings were used to establish a quality improvement plan that may be implemented to improve patient satisfaction with the acupuncture practice.

关键词： care survey health integrative medicine acupuncture practice

Moving beyond Wastewater:Perspectives on Environmental Surveillance of Infectious Diseases for Public Health Action in Low-Resource Settings

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Environment & Health 2024年第10期2卷 684-687页

作者： jeseth Delgado Vela Sarah E.Philo joe Brown Mami Taniuchi Molly Cantrell Alexandra Kossik Maya Ramaswamy Sitara SR Ajjampur Fatma Z.Guerfali Rochelle H.Holm john Scott Meschke Maria Catherine B.Otero Amy j.Pickering Mahbubur Rahman alexander G.Shaw Abhilasha Shrestha Kwanrawee Sirikanchana Vivi Maketa Tevuzula Rolf U.Halden Alexandria B.Boehm Kyle Bibby Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Duke UniversityDurhamNorth Carolina 27710United States Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences University of Notre DameSouth BendIndiana 46556United States Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Southern California Los AngelesCA 90007USA Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNorth Carolina 27599United States Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health University of VirginiaCharlottesvilleVirginia 22903United States Waterborne Disease Prevention Branch U.S.Centers for Disease ControlAtlantaGeorgia 30329United States The Wellcome Trust Research Laboratory Christian Medical CollegeVellore 632004India Laboratory of Transmission Control and Immunobiology of Infections(LTCII)Institut Pasteur de TunisTunis-Belvédère 1002Tunisia UniversitéTunis El Manar Tunis 1002Tunisia Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute School of MedicineUniversity of LouisvilleLouisvilleKentucky 40202United States Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences School of Public HealthUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashington 98195United States College of Medicine University of the Philippines ManilaManila 2801Philippines Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of CaliforniaBerkeleyBerkeleyCalifornia 94720United States Institute of Epidemiology Disease Control and Research(IEDCR)Dhaka 1212Bangladesh Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology Imperial College LondonLondon SW72AZU.K. Division of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences University of Illinois Chicago School of Public HealthChicagoIllinois 60612United States Research Laboratory of Biotechnology Chulabhorn Research InstituteBangkok 10210Thailand Department of Tropical Medicine University of KinshasaKinshasa/DR 63090201Congo School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment Arizona State UniversityTempe

Although testing wastewater for public health surveillance has recently received significant attention in the United States,researchers and public health professionals have long realized the tremendous promise of environmental surveillance(ES),defined as tracking pathogens of interest in fecally contaminated surface waters,soil,or fomites,in low-resource settings for public health action.1,2 The power of ES in lowresource settings is most clearly illustrated with the over 30 years of well-established and standardized polio *** part of the Global Polio Eradication Initiative,the World Health Organization(WHO)has accredited 146 laboratories within the Global Polio Lab Network(GPLN).These facilities across 92 countries process over 8,000 wastewater or fecally contaminated surface water samples per year,in addition to over 220,000 stool samples annually.3 The data generated from the GPLN are closely linked to clear public health action related to targeted vaccination *** investment and adoption of ES for polio eradication efforts serves as a use-case for other targets of *** explore the current state of the field,the National Science Foundation-funded Research Coordination Network(RCN)on Wastewater Based Epidemiology for SARS-CoV-2 and Emerging Public Health Threats held a workshop in December 2023 to discuss the opportunities and challenges for ES in low-resource settings(Figure 1).Discussions during the workshop highlighted knowledge gaps,best-practices,target selection,academic/government/private partnerships and overall public health action and sustainability of these programs.

关键词： wastewater Wastewater annually

5-Fluorouracil-related enhancement of adenoviral infection is Coxsackievirus-adenovirus receptor independent and associated with morphological changes in lipid membranes

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第32期12卷 5168-5174页

作者： Chiara Cabrele Mandy Vogel Pompiliu Piso Markus Rentsch josef Schroder Karl W jauch Hans j Schlitt alexander Beham Department of Surgery Clinic of the Regensburg University Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11D-93053RegensburgGermany

AIM： To evaluate the mechanism underlying the effects of 5-Fluorouracil （5-FU） on adenoviral infection. METHODS： Low and high Coxsackievirus-Adenovirus Receptor （CAR） expressing human colon carcinoma cell lines were treated with 5-FU and two El-deleted adenoviral constructs, one transferring GFP （Ad/CMV- GFP） the other bax （Ad/CEA-bax）. The number of infected cells were monitored by GFP expression. To evaluate the effects of 5-FU in a receptor free system, Ad/GFP were encapsulated in liposomes and treated with 5-FU. Ad/GFP release was estimated with PCR and infection of 293 cells with the supernatant. Electron microscopy of the Ad5-GFP-liposome complex was made to investigate morphological changes of the liposomes after 5-FU. RESULTS： Infection rates of all cell lines increased from 50% to 98% with emerging 5-FU concentrations. The enhanced viral uptake was independent of the CAR expression. Additionally, 5-FU treated liposomes released 2-2.5 times more adenoviruses. Furthermore, 5-FU- treated liposomes appeared irregular and porous-like. CONCLUSION： adenoviral uptake is enhanced in the presence of 5-FU irrespective of CAR and is associated with morphological changes in membranes making the combination of both a promising option in gene therapy.

关键词： 5-Fluorouracil Coxsackievirus-adenovirusreceptor Adenoviral infection Gene therapy

Is the schatzki ring a unique esophageal entity?

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第23期17卷 2838-2843页

作者： Michaela Müller Ines Gockel Philip Hedwig alexander j Eckardt Kathrin Kuhr jochem Knig Volker F Eckardt Department of Gastroenterology German Clinic for Diagnostics Wiesbaden65191 WiesbadenGermany Department of General and Abdominal Surgery University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz55131 MainzGermany Institute of Medical Statistics Informatics and EpidemiologyUniversity of Cologne50924 CologneGermany Institute of Medical Biostatistics Epidemiology and InformaticsUniversity Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz55131 MainzGermany

AIM： To study, whether the association of Schatzki rings with other esophageal disorders support one of the theories about its etiology. METHODS： From 1987 until 2007, all patients with newly diagnosed symptomatic Schatzki rings （SRs） were prospectively registered and followed. All of them underwent structured interviews with regards to clinical symptoms, as well as endoscopic and/or radiographic examinations. Endoscopic and radiographic studies determined the presence of an SR and additional morp- hological abnormalities. RESULTS： One hundred and sixty-seven patients （125 male, 42 female） with a mean age of 57.1±14.6 years were studied. All patients complained of intermittent dysphagia for solid food and 113 （79.6%） patients had a history of food impaction. Patients experienced symptoms for a mean of 4.7± 5.2 years before diagnosis. Only in 23.4% of the 64 patients who had endoscopic and/or radiological examinations before their first presentation to our clinic, was the SR previously diagnosed. At presentation, the mean ring diameter was 13.9 4- 4.97 mm. One hundred and sixty-two （97%） patients showed a sliding hiatal hernia. Erosive reflux esophagitis was found in 47 （28.1%） patients. Twenty-six （15.6%） of 167 patients showed single or multiple esophageal webs; five （3.0%） patients exhibited eosinophilic esophagitis; and four （2.4%） had esophageal diverticula. Four （7%） of 57 patients undergoing esophageal manometry had non- specific esophageal motility disorders. CONCLUSION： Schatzki rings are frequently associated with additional esophageal disorders, which support the assumption of a multifactorial etiology. Despite typical symptoms, SRs might be overlooked.

关键词： Schatzki ring Dysphagia Food impaction Gastroesophageal reflux disease Esophageal web

Biliary complications following liver transplantation: Singlecenter experience over three decades and recent risk factors

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World journal of Hepatology 2017年第3期9卷 147-154页

作者： alexander Kaltenborn André Gutcke jill Gwiasda jürgen Klempnauer Harald Schrem Department of Trauma and Orthopedic Surgery Federal Armed Forces Hospital Wester-stede Core Facility Quality Management and Health Tech-nology Assessment in Transplantation Integrated Research and Treatment Facility Transplantation (IFB-Tx)Hannover Medical School Department of General Visceral and Transplant Surgery Hannover Medical School

AIM To identify independent risk factors for biliary complications in a center with three decades of experience in liver *** A total of 1607 consecutive liver transplantations were analyzed in a retrospective study. Detailed subset analysis was performed in 417 patients, which have been transplanted since the introduction of Model of End-Stage Liver Disease(MELD)-based liver allocation. Risk factors for the onset of anastomotic biliary complications were identified with multivariable binary logisticregression analyses. The identified risk factors in regression analyses were compiled into a prognostic model. The applicability was evaluated with receiver operating characteristic curve analyses. Furthermore, Kaplan-Meier analyses with the log rank test were applied where appropriate. RESULTS Biliary complications were observed in 227 cases(14.1%). Four hundred and seventeen(26%) transplantations were performed after the introduction of MELD-based donor organ allocation. Since then, 21%(n = 89) of the patients suffered from biliary complications, which are further categorized into anastomotic bile leaks [46%(n = 41)], anastomotic strictures [25%(n = 22)], cholangitis [8%(n = 7)] and non-anastomotic strictures [3%(n = 3)]. The remaining 18%(n = 16) were not further classified. After adjustment for all univariably significant variables, the recipient MELD-score at transplantation(P = 0.006; OR = 1.035; 95%CI: 1.010-1.060), the development of hepatic artery thrombosis post-operatively(P = 0.019; OR = 3.543; 95%CI: 1.233-10.178), as well as the donor creatinine prior to explantation(P = 0.010; OR = 1.003; 95%CI: 1.001-1.006) were revealed as independent risk factors for biliary complications. The compilation of these identified risk factors into a prognostic model was shown to have good prognostic abilities in the investigated cohort with an area under the receiver operating curve of *** The parallel occurrence of high recipient MELD and imp

关键词： Biliary complications Liver transplantation Prognostic model Risk factors Multivariable analyses