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Muscle, myeloid cells, and complement: a complex interaction

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2018年第11期15卷 992-993页

作者： jessy j.alexander richard j.Quigg Department of Medicine SUNY at BuffaloBuffaloNY14086USA

The complement system is a critical arm of the immune system that plays an important role not only in maintaining health but also contributes to *** activation generates biologically active products C3a and C5a,which are important links between complement and cellular *** studies have revealed that C5a/C5aR signaling is critical in both humoral and inflammatory responses,resulting in functional renal insufficiency in immune complex-mediated glomerulonephritis.1 Consistent with these studies and considering the complexity of complement system interactions based on location and setting,a recent article by Zhang et al.2 has shed light on C3a/C3aR signaling as the link that regulates monocyte function and trafficking and facilitates skeletal muscle *** commentary highlights the important themes originating from the work described,which include the following:(1)complement C3 depletion reduced muscle regeneration,(2)C3a signaling through its G-coupled receptor C3aR facilitated muscle regeneration by regulating monocyte/macrophage infiltration through CCL5,and(3)C5a/C5aR signaling does not affect monocyte/macrophage infiltration in this particular setting.

关键词： complex interaction critical

Enhancing 3D Reconstruction Accuracy of FIB Tomography Data Using Multi‑voltage Images and Multimodal Machine Learning

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Nanomanufacturing and Metrology 2024年第1期7卷 48-60页

作者： Trushal Sardhara alexander Shkurmanov Yong Li Lukas Riedel Shan Shi Christian j.Cyron Roland C.Aydin Martin Ritter Institute for Continuum and Material Mechanics Hamburg University of TechnologyHamburgGermany Electron Microscopy Unit Hamburg University of TechnologyHamburgGermany Institute of Materials Physics and Technology Hamburg University of TechnologyHamburgGermany Institute of Materials Mechanics Helmholtz-Zentrum HereonGeesthachtGermany Research Group of Integrated Metallic Nanomaterials Systems Hamburg University of TechnologyHamburgGermany Institute of Material Systems Modeling Helmholtz-Zentrum HereonGeesthachtGermany

FIB-SEM tomography is a powerful technique that integrates a focused ion beam(FIB)and a scanning electron microscope(SEM)to capture high-resolution imaging data of *** approach involves collecting in-plane SEM imagesand using FIB to remove material layers for imaging subsequent planes,thereby producing image ***,theseimage stacks in FIB-SEM tomography are subject to the shine-through effect,which makes structures visible from theposterior regions of the current *** artifact introduces an ambiguity between image intensity and structures in thecurrent plane,making conventional segmentation methods such as thresholding or the k-means algorithm *** study,we propose a multimodal machine learning approach that combines intensity information obtained at differentelectron beam accelerating voltages to improve the three-dimensional(3D)reconstruction of *** treatingthe increased shine-through effect at higher accelerating voltages as a form of additional information,the proposed methodsignificantly improves segmentation accuracy and leads to more precise 3D reconstructions for real FIB tomography data.

关键词： Multimodal machine learning Multi-voltage images FIB-SEM Overdeterministic systems 3D reconstruction FIB tomography

Effect of arsenic contaminated irrigation water on Lens culinaris *** toxicity assessment using lux marked biosensor

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journal of Environmental Sciences 2012年第6期24卷 1106-1116页

作者： F.R.Sadeque Ahmed Ian j.alexander Mwinyikione Mwinyihija Ken Killham Department of Environment (Climate Change) E-16 AgargaonDhakaBangladesh School of Biological Sciences Institute of Biological and Environmental SciencesUniversity of AberdeenAberdeenAB24 3UUUK Kenya Leather Development Council P.O.Box 14480NairobiKenya Remedios Limited Balgownie Technology CentreCampus 3 Balgownie DriveAberdeenAB22 8GWUK

Contamination of irrigation water represents a major constraint to Bangladesh agriculture,resulting in elevated levels in the terrestrial *** bacterial biosensor technology has previously been used to measure the toxicity of metals in various environmental *** arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi have their most significant effect on phosphorus uptake,but showed alleviated metal toxicity to the host *** study examined the effects of arsenic and inoculation with an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus,Glomus mosseae,on lentil （Lens culinaris ***）.Plants were grown with and without arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculum for 9 weeks in a sand and terra-green mixture （50：50,V/V） and watered with five levels of arsenic （0,1,2,5,10 mg As/L arsenate）.The results showed that arsenic addition above 1 mg/L significantly reduced percentage of mycorrhizal root *** further analysis a close relationship was established with the vegetative and reproductive properties of lentil （***） plants compared to the percentage bioluminescence of the soil ***,arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal inoculation reduced arsenic concentration in roots and *** concentrations of arsenic （5,10 mg As/L arsenate） reduced the mycorrhizal efficiency to increase phosphorus content and nitrogen ***,this study showed that increased concentration of arsenic in irrigation water had direct implications to the lentil （***） plants overall *** the use of bioassay demonstrated that mycorrhiza and clay particle reduced arsenic bioavailability in soil.

关键词： bioassay contaminated water lentil trace metals vegetative response

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A new perspective on intervertebral disc calcification—from bench to bedside

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Bone Research 2024年第1期12卷 50-61页

作者： Emanuel j.Novais Rajkishen Narayanan jose A.Canseco Koen van de Wetering Christopher K.Kepler Alan S.Hilibrand alexander R.Vaccaro Makarand V.Risbud Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Sidney Kimmel Medical CollegeThomas Jefferson UniversityPhiladelphiaPAUSA Unidade Local de Saúde do Litoral Alentejano Orthopedic DepartmentSantiago do CacémPortugal Rothman Orthopedic Institute at Thomas jefferson University PhiladelphiaPAUSA

Disc degeneration primarily contributes to chronic low back and neck ***,there is an urgent need to understand the spectrum of disc degeneration phenotypes such as fibrosis,ectopic calcification,herniation,or mixed *** these phenotypes,disc calcification is the least *** calcification,by definition,is the pathological mineralization of soft tissues,widely studied in the context of conditions that afflict vasculature,skin,and ***,disc calcification is associated with poor surgical outcomes and back pain refractory to conservative *** is frequently seen as a consequence of disc aging and progressive degeneration but exhibits unique molecular and morphological characteristics:hypertrophic chondrocyte-like cell differentiation;TNAP,ENPP1,and ANK upregulation;cell death;altered Pi and PPi homeostasis;and local *** studies in mouse models have provided a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying this *** is essential to recognize that the presentation and nature of mineralization differ between AF,NP,and EP ***,the combination of anatomic location,genetics,and environmental stressors,such as aging or trauma,govern the predisposition to ***,the systemic regulation of calcium and Pi metabolism is less important than the local activity of PPi modulated by the ANK-ENPP1 axis,along with disc cell death and differentiation *** there is limited understanding of this phenotype,understanding the molecular pathways governing local intervertebral disc calcification may lead to developing disease-modifying drugs and better clinical management of degeneration-related pathologies.

关键词： degeneration metabolism intervertebral

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Double negative T cells,a potential biomarker for systemic lupus erythematosus

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Precision Clinical Medicine 2020年第1期3卷 34-43页

作者： jessy j.alexander alexander jacob Anthony Chang richard j.Quigg james N.jarvis Department of Pathology University of ChicagoChicagoIL 60637USA Departments of Medicine PediatricsJacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences and GeneticsGenomics&Bioinformatics ProgramUniversity at BuffaloBuffaloNY 14203USA

Systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)is an autoimmune disease that is a challenge to diagnose and *** is an urgent need for biomarkers to help define organ involvement,and more effective therapies.A unique population of T cells,the CD3^(+)CD4^(−)CD8^(−)(DNeg)cells,is significantly increased in lupus *** cases(53%)of pediatric SLE patients had elevated DNeg cells in their peripheral blood,which correlated with kidney function(R^(2)=0.54).Significant infiltration of DNeg cells was observed in both adult and pediatric lupus kidneys by *** the first time,this study provides direct evidence that DNeg cells facilitate kidney injury in preclinical 8-week-old MRL/lpr lupus *** lupus mice,the increase in DNeg cells tracked with worsening disease and correlated with kidney function(R^(2)=0.85).Our results show that DNeg cells per se can cause kidney dysfunction,increase in number with increase in disease pathology,and could serve as a potential biomarker.

关键词： CD3^(+)CD4^(−)CD8^(−)T cells glomerulonephritis inflammation lupus

Modular-integrative modeling: a new framework for building brain models that blend biological realism and functional performance

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National Science Review 2024年第5期11卷 13-16页

作者： Mario Senden Sacha j.van Albada Giovanni Pezzulo Egidio Falotico Ibrahim Hashim alexander Kroner Anno C.Kurth Pablo Lanillos Vaishnavi Narayanan Cyriel Pennartz Mihai A.Petrovici Lea Steffen Tonio Weidler Rainer Goebel Department of Cognitive Neuroscience Maastricht University Maastricht Brain Imaging Centre Maastricht University Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine(INM-6) and Institute for Advanced Simulation(IAS-6) and jARA-Institut Brain Structure-Function Relationships(INM-10) Jülich Research Center Institute of Zoology University of Cologne Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies The Bio Robotics Institute Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna RWTH Aachen University Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and BehaviorRadboud University Cognitive and Systems Neuroscience Group Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences University of Amsterdam Department of Physiology University of Bern FZI Research Center of Information Technology

To cope with the immense complexity of the brain, neuroscientific research often focuses on isolated brain structures or circumscribed perceptual, cognitive or motor functions [1]. This reductionist approach overlooks the intricate and multifaceted interplay among various structural and functional *** instance, even simple movements require the coordinated activation of numerous neuronal populations across multiple brain regions [2].

关键词： WORLD SURVEY PROjECTS

The Oral Health Status of Person with Special Needs in Kumasi

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Open journal of Stomatology 2024年第1期14卷 14-31页

作者： Ama Agyeibea Amuasi alexander Oti-Acheampong Victoria N. A. Boadu Lord j. j. Gowans The Department Child Oral Health & Orthodontics School of Medicine and Dentistry College of Health Sciences Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana The Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Sciences School of Medicine and Dentistry College of Health Sciences Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana The Department of Community Dentistry School of Medicine and Dentistry College of Health Sciences Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana

Background: The most prevalent non-communicable disease worldwide is oral health-related disease, with dental caries and periodontal conditions being common. Oral health status significantly impacts overall health and quality of life. Barriers to dental care affect children with special needs. This study evaluates the oral health status and treatment requirements of people with special needs. Methodology: This descriptive cross-sectional study in Kumasi, Ghana examined oral health status among people, 121 children with special needs over two months, in june-july 2022. Dental caries, periodontal changes, malocclusion, and trauma were assessed. The data was analyzed using SPSS 20.0. Results: The oral health status among people with special needs in this study was generally moderate, with a range from very good to very poor. The prevalence of dental caries was 37%, with a mean DMFT score of 2.82. Periodontal health showed unsatisfactory indicators such as mobile teeth, poor gingival health, high plaque scores, and the presence of halitosis. Conclusion: This descriptive study aimed to provide baseline data on the oral health status of special needs students in Kumasi, addressing the lack of knowledge in this area. It highlighted the importance of dental care in maintaining good oral health and overall well-being in individuals with special needs. Coordinated efforts by dental professionals are needed to provide dental health education and preventive interventions for these children.

关键词： Special Needs Oral Health Dental Caries Periodontal Diseases Malocclusion

Characteristics of the SOL ion-to-electron temperature ratio on the j-TEXT tokamak with different plasma configurations

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Plasma Science and Technology 2024年第2期26卷 13-21页

作者：李存凯梁云峰江中和周松华建坤阳杰杨庆虎 alexander KNIEPS Philipp DREWS 徐鑫毛飞越谢伟杨雨桐郭金龙李杨波任正康陈志鹏王能超 the j-TEXT Team International joint Research Laboratory of Magnetic Confinement Fusion and Plasma Physics State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and TechnologySchool of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074People's Republic of China Forschungszentrum jülich GmbH Institut für Energie-und Klimaforschung—PlasmaphysikPartner of the Trilateral Euregio Cluster(TEC)Julich 52425Germany 不详

Accurate measurement of the average plasma parameters in the edge region,including the temperature and density of electrons and ions,is critical for understanding the characteristics of the scrape-off layer(SOL) and divertor plasma transport in magnetically confined fusion *** the j-TEXT tokamak,a multi-channel retarding field analyzer(RFA) probe has been developed to study average plasma parameters in the edge region under various poloidal divertor and island divertor *** edge radial profile of the ion-to-electron temperature ratio,τ_(i/e),has been determined,which gradually decreases as the SOL ion self-collisionality,v_(SOL)*,*** is broadly consistent with what has been observed previously from various tokamak ***,the comparison of experimental results under different configurations shows that in the poloidal divertor configuration,even under the same v_(SOL)*,τ_(i/e) in the SOL region becomes smaller as the distance from the X-point to the target plate *** the island divertor configuration,τ_(i/e) near the O-point is higher than that near the X-point at the same v_(SOL)*,and both are higher than those in the limiter *** results suggest that the magnetic configuration plays a critical role in the energy distributions between electrons and ions at the plasma boundary.

关键词： ion temperature island divertor poloidal divertor retarding field analyzer(RFA)probe

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A novel diagnostic gene region for distinguishing between two pest fruit flies:Bactrocera tryoni(Froggatt)and Bactrocera neohumeralis(Hardy)(Diptera:Tephritidae)

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Insect Science 2024年第4期31卷 1285-1295页

作者： Melissa L.Starkie Elizabeth V.Fowler alexander M.Piper Xiaocheng Zhu Pauline Wyatt David Gopurenko Matt N.Krosch Francesca Strutt Karen F.Armstrong Hamish Patrick Mark K.Schutze Mark j.Blacket Department of Agriculture and Fisheries BiosecurityBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia Agriculture Victoria AgriBioBundooraVictoriaAustralia Department of Primary Industries Wagga Wagga Agricultural InstituteWagga WaggaNew South WalesAustralia Forensic Services Group Queensland Police ServiceBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia Department of Pest-management and Conservation Lincoln UniversityLincolnNew Zealand Better Border Biosecurity(B3 B3nz.org.nz)LincolnNew Zealand

Bactrocera tryoni and Bactrocera neohumeralis are morphologically similar sibling pest fruit fly species that possess different biological attributes,geographic distributions,and host *** need to differentiate between the two species is critical for accurate pest status assessment,management,biosecurity,and maintenance of reference *** morphologically similar,adults may be separated based on subtle characters;however,some characters exhibit intraspecific variability,creating overlap between the two ***,there is currently no single molecular marker or rapid diagnostic assay that can reliably distinguish between *** and ***;therefore,ambiguous samples remain *** we report the first molecular marker that can consistently distinguish between *** and *** diagnostic region consists of two adjacent single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)within the pangolin(pan)gene *** confirmed the genotypes of each species are consistent across their distributional range,then developed a tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system(ARMS)PCR assay for rapid diagnosis of the *** assay utilizes four primers in multiplex,with two outer universal primers,and two internal primers:one designed to target two adjacent SNPs(AA)present in *** and the other targeting adjacent SNPs present in ***(GG).The assay accurately discriminates between the two species,but their SNP genotypes are shared with other nontarget tephritid fruit fly ***,this assay is most suited to adult diagnostics where species confirmation is necessary in determining ambiguous surveillance trap catches;maintaining pure colony lines;and in Sterile Insect Technique management responses.

关键词： ARMS-PCR colony molecular diagnostics pangolin tetra-primer