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Electricity principles & applications

2003年

作者： richard j. fowler.

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Current surgical treatment strategies for hepatocellular carcinoma in North America

2012年

作者： fowler.richard j.

ISBN: (纸本)0077567625;9780077567620;9780073373768;9780077521042

The eighth edition of Electricity: Principles and Applications is based on the same philosophy of previous editions. It continues to be written so that a student needs no prior knowledge of electrical theory and principles and at a level that allows students with limited math and reading skills can gain a clear understanding of electricity and electrical devices.

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World j.urnal of Gastroenterology 2014年第41期20卷 15007-15017页

作者： Adeel S Khan Kathryn j.fowler.William C Chapman Department of General and Vascular Surgery Aurora Bay Care Medical Center Department of Radiology Washington University School of Medicine Department of Surgery Section of Abdominal TransplantWashington University School of Medicine

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is an aggressive tumor that often occurs in the setting of chronic liver *** patients do not initially manifest any symptoms of HCC and present late when cure with surgical resection or transplantation is no longer *** this reason,patients at high risk for developing HCC are subj.cted to frequent screening *** surgical management of HCC is complex and requires an inter-disciplinary *** resection is the treatment of choice for HCC in patients without cirrhosis and is indicated in some patients with early cirrhosis(Child-Pugh A).Liver transplantation has emerged in the past decade as the standard of care for patients with cirrhosis and HCC meeting Milan criteria and in select patients with HCC beyond Milan ***-regional therapy with transarterial chemoembolization,transarterial embolization,radiofrequency ablation and other similar local treatments can be used as neo-adj.vant therapy to downstage HCC to within Milan criteria or as a bridge to transplantation in patients on transplant wait list.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Liver transplantation Liver resection Transarterial chemoembolization Radiofrequency ablation

Stereochenlical effects on functional selectivity at the dopamine D2L receptor

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Stereochenlical effects on functional selectivity at the dop...

Development and validation of an HPLC-UV method for analysis of methylphenidate hydrochloride and loxapine succinate in an activated carbon disposal system

第十五届国际药理学大会

作者： fowler.j. Corey Filizola Marta Weinstein Harel j.vitch j.nathan Mailman richard Department of Medicinal Chemistry. University of North Carolina Chapel Hill NC. Department of Physiology and Biophysics. Weill Medical College of Cornell University. New York. NY. Department of Physiology and Biophysics. Weill Medical College of Cornell University. New York. NY. Departments of Pharmacology and Psychiatry. Columbia University. New York. NY. Department of Medicinal Chemistry. University of North Carolina Chapel Hill NC.

＜正＞ The novel mechanism of functional selectivity （differential activation of pathways linked to a single receptor） has been shown for dopamine hD2L receptor regulated endpoints such as GIRK. MAPK. ACase. etc. The current work explored the hypothesis that functionally selective ligands induce unusual receptor conforma-tional states that lead to differential activation. We docked the propylnorapo-morphine enantiomers [ RNPA ＆ SNPA] to the D2R receptor to identify potential residues of importance, and then made and expressed selected mutant receptors. WT D2R binding confirmed that RNPA forms p - OH H bonds with both S5.46 and T3.37 whereas the m OH interacts with S5.42, while SNPA H- bonds to S5.42 （p ＆ m OH）. When mutated, differential effects were seen on functional endpoints （e.g.. S5.42A caused loss of D2R mediated effects on ACase. but not MAPK or AA release）. These data demonstrate that single point receptor mutations can make a "normal" ligand become functionally selective, or change the character of a functionally selective compound. We hypothesize that ligandspecific residue interactions contribute to the conformational changes needed to result in activation of specific heterotrimeric complexes.

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j.urnal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2018年第6期8卷 349-356页

作者： Pooj. Bakshi Andrew Korey William fowler.Aj.y K.Banga Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences Mercer UniversityAtlantaGA 30341USA Verde Environmental Technologies 12900 Whitewater DriveMinnetonkaMN 55343USA

Unused medications have the possibility of being abused, causing serious harm to individuals who were not prescribed the drug. The Food and Drug Administration(FDA) recommends the proper disposal of unused prescribed medications to maintain safety and prevent environmental hazards. However, many of the current disposal techniques do not properly address safety. A drug disposal pouch containing granular activated carbon offers a unique disposal method to deactivate residual or expired medication in a convenient, effective, and safe manner. A robust and validated method for methylphenidate hydrochloride and loxapine succinate was developed using high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) and the deactivation efficiency of the disposal system was tested. Methylphenidate hydrochloride was analyzed on a C18 analytical column(250 mm ?4.60 mm, 100?) using acetonitrile-water(0.05%(v/v) trifluoroacetic acid) as the mobile phase at a flow rate of1.0 mL/min with a run time of 15 min and retention time of 7.8 min. Loxapine succinate was separated on a C8100?(250 mm ? 4.6 mm, 5 mm) column maintained at 25 °C using a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The run time was 10 min and the retention time of the drug was around 4.6 min. Mobile phase was composed of acetonitrile and water(0.3% triethylamine) at pH 3.0 as 40:60(v/v). Reference standard solutions(100 mg/mL) for both drugs were prepared by dissolving in mobile phases. These methods provide good linearity(R2? 0.999) over the range of 5–100 mg/mL for methylphenidate hydrochloride and 0.1–100 mg/mL for loxapine succinate. The assay methods were successfully applied to study the deactivation of these drugs.

关键词： Methylphenidate hydrochloride Loxapine succinate Activated carbon Analytical method development FDA drug disposal

Reproductive biology of largehead hairtail(Trichiurus lepturus)in south-eastern Australia

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2023年第2期8卷 148-158页

作者： Chantelle Clain j.hn Stewart Ashley fowler.Sandra Diamond School of Science Western Sydney UniversityLocked Bag 1797PenrithNSW2751Australia NSW Department of Primary Industries Sydney Institute of Marine ScienceChowder Bay RoadMosmanNSW2088Australia

Knowledge of reproductive biology and life-history traits of populations exploited by fisheries is important for their sustainable *** investigated the life-history traits of Trichiurus lepturus(largehead hairtail)in south-eastern Australia;a region of low exploitation for this otherwise heavily exploited circumglobal species,to investigate whether there were differences in the reproductive biology and life-history traits in the south-east Australian population compared with those in other *** also used histological sections to examine male and female gonads at a microscopic *** lepturus in south-eastern Australia had a greater maximum length(193 cm total length(TL)),matured at a larger length(108 cm TL at 50%mature)and had a spawning period(March to September,Austral winter)that was inconsistent with other *** overall sex ratio of 1:0.4 females:males was consistent with a female dominant sex ratio observed in other regions,particularly in larger length ***,females in the current study dominated samples from both estuarine and coastal habitats,as well as during the spawning and non-spawning periods,which is not consistent with the patterns found in other *** in south-eastern Australia may relate to limited fishing pressure,genetic variation,or differences in environmental factors that influence reproductive development,including temperature,trophic resources and habitat.

关键词： Fisheries Length at maturity Histology Spawning period Sex ratio Trichiurus

International chicken trade and increased risk for introducing or reintroducing highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N1) to uninfected countries

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2017年第4期2卷 412-418页

作者： j.nnifer M.Radin richard A.Shaffer Suzanne P.Lindsay Maria Rosario GAraneta Rema Raman j.mes H.fowler j.int Doctoral Program in Public Health(Epidemiology) San Diego State University/University of CaliforniaSan DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics San Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCA 92182USA Department of Family and Preventive Medicine University of CaliforniaSan DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA Department of Political Sciences University of CaliforniaSan DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA Division of Medical Genetics University of CaliforniaSan DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA

Every year billions of chickens are shipped thousands of miles around the globe in order to meet the ever increasing demands for this cheap and nutritious protein ***,transporting chickens internationally can also increase the chance for introducing zoonotic viruses,such as highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1)to new *** study used a retrospective analysis of poultry trading data from 2003 through 2011 to assess the risk of H5N1 poultry infection in an importing *** found that the risk of infection in an importing country increased by a factor of 1.3(95%CI:1.1e1.5)for every 10-fold increase in live chickens imported from countries experiencing at least one H5N1 poultry case during that *** results suggest that the risk in a particular country can be significantly reduced if imports from countries experiencing an outbreak are decreased during the year of infection or if biosecurity measures such as screening,vaccination,and infection control practices are *** findings show that limiting trade of live chickens or increasing infection control practices during contagious periods may be an important step in reducing the spread of H5N1 and other emerging avian influenza viruses.

关键词： Highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) Poultry trade Transmission model Zoonotic disease

The diverse landscape of AB5-type toxins

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Engineering Microbiology 2023年第4期3卷 90-104页

作者： Paris I.Brown Adaobi Oj.akor Antonio j.Chemello Casey C.fowler Department of Biological Sciences University of AlbertaEdmontonAB T6G2E9Canada

AB_(5)-type toxins are a group of secreted protein toxins that are central virulence factors for bacterial pathogens such as Shigella dysenteriae,Vibrio cholerae,Bordetella pertussis,and certain lineages of pathogenic Escherichia coli and Salmonella ***_(5) toxins are composed of an active(A)subunit that manipulates host cell biology in complex with a pentameric binding/delivery(B)subunit that mediates the toxin’s entry into host cells and its subsequent intracellular *** speaking,all known AB_(5)-type toxins adopt similar structural architectures and employ similar mechanisms of binding,entering and trafficking within host *** this,there is a remarkable amount of diversity amongst AB_(5)-type toxins;this includes different toxin families with unrelated activities,as well as variation within families that can have profound functional *** this review,we discuss the diversity that exists amongst characterized AB_(5)-type toxins,with an emphasis on the genetic and functional variability within AB_(5) toxin families,how this may have evolved,and its impact on human disease.

关键词： Bacterial pathogenesis Pathogen evolution Ab-type toxins Ab5-type toxins Shiga toxin Cholera toxin Heat-labile toxin Pertussis toxin Typhoid toxin ArtAB toxin

Insights and reviews on battery lifetime prediction from research to practice

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j.urnal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第7期94卷 716-739页

作者： Xudong Qu Dapai Shi j.ngyuan Zhao Manh-Kien Tran Zhenghong Wang Michael fowler.Yubo Lian Andrew FBurke Hubei Longzhong Laboratory Hubei University of Arts and ScienceXiangyang 441000HubeiChina Institute of Transportation Studies University of California DavisDavisCA 95616USA Department of Chemical Engineering University of WaterlooWaterlooOntario N2L 3G1Canada BYD Automotive Engineering Research Institute Shenzhen 518118GuangdongChina

The rising demand for energy storage solutions,especially in the electric vehicle and renewable energy sectors,highlights the importance of accurately predicting battery health to enhance their longevity and *** article comprehensively examines various methods used to forecast battery health,including physics-based models,empirical models,and equivalent circuit models,among *** delves into the promise of data-driven prognostics,utilizing both conventional machine learning and cuttingedge deep neural network *** advantages and limitations of hybrid models are thoroughly analyzed,with a focus on the benefits of integrating diverse data sources to improve prognostic *** practical case studies,the article showcases the effectiveness and flexibility of these *** also critically addresses the challenges encountered in applying battery health prognostics in realworld scenarios,such as issues of scalability,complexity,and data *** these challenges,the article underscores the emerging opportunities brought about by recent technological,academic,and research *** include the development of digital twin models for batteries,the use of data-centric AI and standardized benchmarking,the potential integration of blockchain technology for enhanced data security and transparency,and the synergy between edge and cloud computing to boost data analysis and *** primary goal of this article is to enrich the understanding of current battery health prognostic techniques and to inspire further research aimed at overcoming existing hurdles and tapping into new *** concludes with a visionary perspective on future research directions and potential developments in this evolving field,encouraging both researchers and practitioners to explore innovative solutions.

关键词： Batteries Lifetime Health Machine learning Deep learning Field Real world

Diagnosing non-hepatocellular carcinoma malignancies on CT/MRI and contrast enhanced ultrasound: the Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System approach

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Hepatoma Research 2020年第4期6卷 60-69页

作者： Kathryn j.0}Guilherme Moura Cunha Tae Kyoung Kim Department of Diagnostic Radiology University of California at San DiegoSan DiegoCA 92130USA University of Toronto Joint Department of Medical ImagingUniversity Health Network/Mount Sinai Hospital/Women’s College HospitalToronto M5G 2N2Canada

The Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System(LI-RADS)provides a stepwise algorithmic approach that is proven to be highly accurate in diagnosing hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)in patients at *** essential and early step in the algorithm is the diagnosis of malignancies other than HCC,such as cholangiocarcinoma and combined tumors,by application of LR-M features and *** LR-M category captures most non-HCC malignancies and some atypical *** exclusion of non-HCC malignancies is important for maintaining the high specificity of the LR-5,definite HCC *** review provides an overview of the approach to diagnosing non-HCC malignancies using LI-RADS CT/MRI and contrast enhanced ultrasound algorithms.

关键词： Magnetic resonance imaging computer tomography contrast-enhanced ultrasound