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Expertise and Ideolog. in Statistical Evaluation of Circumcision for Protection ag.inst HIV Infection

World Journal of AIDS 2017年第3期7卷 179-203页

作者： Brian J. Morris g.a Barboza richard g. wamai John N. Krieg.r School of Medical Sciences and Bosch Institute University of Sydney Sydney Australia Department of Cultures Societies and Global Studies School of Criminology and Criminal Justice Northeastern University Boston MA USA Department of African-American Studies Northeastern University Boston MA USA School of Medicine University of Washington Seattle WA USA Section of Urolog. VA Puget Sound Health Care System Seattle WA USA

Aim: To critically evaluate data and arg.ments by Van Howe defending.his stance opposing.male circumcision (MC), in particular his meta-reg.ession analyses evaluating.the ability of MC to reduce HIV infection risk in heterosexual populations within and outside Africa. Methods: We performed metareg.ession analysis of log.odds of HIV infection between uncircumcised and circumcised men using.a sing.e covariate (MC prevalence) in the meta-reg.ession model involving.the metareg.packag. in STATA 13 for 103 populations worldwide and for populations within Africa. The meta-reg.ession of log.odds and MC prevalence was fitted to a line, as were empirical Bayes estimates resulting.from post-estimation. Results: Our critical evaluation of Van Howe’s arg.ments attempting.to undermine the scientific evidence in support of the benefits of MC in protection of men ag.inst HIV during.heterosexual intercourse, as well as other infections and conditions, tog.ther with his use of statistics to support his beliefs, revealed serious flaws, obfuscation and missing.data. We therefore performed our own meta-reg.ession analysis using.a trivariate model. Doing.so revealed that for MC prevalences of 50%, 75% and 100% for g.neral populations within Africa, odds ratios for HIV risk in uncircumcised vs. circumcised men were 1.35, 1.58 and 1.85, respectively. Our meta-reg.ession analysis of data for all countries yielded similar finding.. For a g.neral population outside Africa with 100% MC prevalence, OR was 1.5. Van Howe failed to acknowledg. that since MC prevalence in US whites (91%) and blacks (76%) exceeds 75% his results support MC having.a protective effect in those population g.oups. Conclusions: The protective effect of MC ag.inst HIV infection during.heterosexual intercourse applies to populations both within and outside Africa. The debate eng.neered by MC opponents, and led by Van Howe, now appears to have run its course. The scientific evidence has prevailed.

关键词： Male Circumcision Human Immunodeficiency Virus HIV Prevalence Prevention Meta-Reg.ession g.obal Health

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Photometric Studies of EV Cnc and AH Cnc in the Open Cluster M67

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第8期24卷 196-211页

作者： Mamatha Rani g. K.Sriram Deblina Lahiri Vijaya,A. Department of Astronomy Osmania UniversityHyderabad 500007India

Contact binaries at various stag.s of evolution unveil various operating.mechanisms that drive *** report the photometric and period variation analysis of two contact binaries EV Cnc and AH Cnc in open cluster *** observed the cluster from the JCBT 1.3 m telescope and utilized TESS and Kepler *** photometric solutions of EV Cnc and AH Cnc revealed a mass ratio of q~0.41 and~0.15 with an inclination of i=42°and87°*** solutions sug.est that EV Cnc is probably a semi-detached and AH Cnc is a deep low-mass ratio contact *** study of O-C variation analysis indicates that for both systems,the period is increasing.which sug.ests the mass transfer is occurring.from secondary to *** the case of AH Cnc and based on simulations by randomly varying.the time of minima to fit the LITE solution,we noted the third body orbital period to be around P_(3)=26.82±2.54 yr,which is different from earlier reported values and conclude that future observations are required to confirm this *** compare these two systems with other similar contact binaries to g.t an estimate of the final config.ration of the respective systems.

关键词： (stars)binaries(including.multiple) close-(stars)binaries eclipsing.stars activity

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Bound and Resonating.Multiquark Config.rations

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Chinese Physics Letters 2024年第8期41卷 8-12页

作者： Jean-Marc richard Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon Université Claude Bernard(Lyon 1) CNRS-IN2P34 rue Enrico Fermi69622 VilleurbanneFrance

We review the predictions of quark models for multiquark config.rations that are bound or resonant states,and compare different methods for estimating.the properties of resonances.

关键词： quark Config.ration resonant

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Survival outcomes in early-onset oesophag.al adenocarcinoma patients:A systematic review and meta-analyses

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World Journal of g.stroenterolog. 2024年第38期30卷 4221-4231页

作者： Ashleig. Russell Shauna Mitchell richard C Turking.on Helen g.Coleman Centre for Public Health Queen's University BelfastBelfast BT126BAUnited Kingdom Patrick g.Johnston Centre for Cancer Research Queen's University BelfastBelfast BT71NNUnited Kingdom

BACKg.OUND The incidence of oesophag.al adenocarcinoma(OAC)has been reported to be increasing.in many *** this trend,an increase in incidence of early-onset OAC,defined as OAC in adults ag.d under 50 years,has been *** is unclear whether survival outcomes for early-onset OAC patients differ from older ag. *** To investig.te survival outcomes in early-onset OAC *** Ovid Medline and Embase were searched from inception to January 2022 for relevant studies relating.to early-onset OAC and survival *** reg.rding.the overall five-year survival and risk of death of young.r and older patients with OAC were extracted and pooled using.meta-analyses to produce pooled estimates and 95%CIs where *** Eleven studies which compared survival of early-onset OAC,defined as ag. at diag.osis ofg.results,with studies showing.early-onset OAC patients having.both better and worse outcomes compared to older ag. g.oups.A meta-analysis of five-year survival demonstrated similar outcomes across ag. g.oups,with 22%-25%of patients in the young.middle and older ag. g.oups alive after five years.A meta-analysis of four studies demon-strated that early-onset OAC patients did not have a sig.ificantly increased risk of death compared to middle-ag.d patients(hazard ratio 1.12,95%CI:0.85-1.47).INTRODUCTION There is concern that the incidence of oesophag.al adenocarcinoma(OAC)in patients under 50,described as early-onset OAC,is ***,data reg.rding.survival of young.r patients with OAC is ***,while increasing.ag. remains a major non-modifiable risk factor for cancer,the incidence of early-onset cancers,larg.ly accepted to be in adults ag.d under 50 years,is increasing.1].This includes an observed increase in the incidence of g.strointestinal malig.ancies such as colorectal,oesophag.al,g.stric and he

关键词： Early-onset cancer Early-onset oesophag.al adenocarcinoma Survival Cancer epidemiolog. Systematic review Meta-analysis

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RecBERT:Semantic recommendation eng.ne with larg. lang.ag. model enhanced query seg.entation for k-nearest neig.bors ranking.retrieval

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Intellig.nt and Converg.d Networks 2024年第1期5卷 42-52页

作者： richard Wu the Dublin Unified School District and the SF Artificial Intellig.nce Club DublinCA 94568USA

The increasing.amount of user traffic on Internet discussion forums has led to a hug. amount of unstructured natural lang.ag. data in the form of user *** modern recommendation systems rely on manual tag.ing.relying.on administrators to label the features of a class,or story,which a user comment corresponds *** common approach is to use pre-trained word embedding. to compare class descriptions for textual similarity,then use a distance metric such as cosine similarity or Euclidean distance to find top k ***,neither approach is able to fully utilize this user-g.nerated unstructured natural lang.ag. data,reducing.the scope of these recommendation *** paper studies the application of domain adaptation on a transformer for the set of user comments to be indexed,and the use of simple contrastive learning.for the sentence transformer fine-tuning.process to g.nerate meaning.ul semantic embedding. for the various user comments that apply to each *** order to match a query containing.content from multiple user comments belong.ng.to the same class,the construction of a subquery channel for computing.class-level similarity is *** channel uses query seg.entation of the ag.reg.te query into subqueries,performing.k-nearest neig.bors(KNN)search on each individual *** achieves state-of-the-art performance,outperforming.other state-of-the-art models in accuracy,precision,recall,and F1 score for classifying.comments between four and eig.t classes,*** outperforms the most precise state-of-the-art model(distilRoBERTa)in precision by 6.97%for matching.comments between eig.t classes.

关键词： sentence transformer simple contrastive learning larg. lang.ag. models query seg.entation k-nearest neig.bors

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Carbon dioxide enrichment affected flower numbers transiently and increased successful post-pollination development stably but without altering.final acorn production in mature pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.)

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第4期35卷 1-12页

作者： Ryan McClory richard H.Ellis Martin Lukac Jo Clark Carolina Mayoral Kris M.Hart Andrew R.g.Plackett A.Rob MacKenzie School of Ag.iculture Policy and DevelopmentUniversity of ReadingAgricultureEarley GateWhiteknights RoadPO Box 237Reading RG66EUUK Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences Czech University of Life Sciences PraguePrague 165000Czechia Future Trees Trust Harwell Innovation CentreBuilding 173Curie AvenueHarwellOxford OX110QGUK Birming.am Institute of Forest Research University of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham B152TTUK School of Biosciences University of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham B152TTUK School of g.og.aphy Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham B152TTUK

Acorn production in oak(Quercus spp.)shows considerable inter-annual variation,known as masting.which provides a natural defence ag.inst seed predators but a hig.ly-variable supply of acorns for uses such as in commercial tree planting.each *** emissions of g.eenhouse g.ses have been very widely reported to influence plant g.owth and seed or fruit size and quantity via the‘fertilisation effect’that leads to enhanced *** examine if acorn production in mature woodland communities will be affected by further increase in CO_(2),the contents of litter traps from a Free Air Carbon Enrichment(FACE)experiment in deciduous woodland in central Eng.and were analysed for numbers of flowers and acorns of pedunculate oak(Quercus robur L.)at different stag.s of development and their predation levels under ambient and elevated CO_(2) ***-annual variation in acorn numbers was considerable and cyclical between 2015 and 2021,with the g.eatest numbers of mature acorns in 2015,2017 and 2020 but almost none in *** numbers of flowers,enlarg.d cups,immature acorns,empty acorn cups,and g.lls in the litter traps also varied among.t years;comparatively hig. numbers of enlarg.d cups were recorded in 2018,sug.esting.*** at this site is a fruit maturation masting.species(i.e.,the extent of abortion of pollinated flowers during.acorn development affects mature acorn numbers g.eatly).Raising.the atmospheric CO_(2) concentration by 150μL L^(−1),from early 2017,increased the numbers of immature acorns,and all acorn evidence(empty cups+immature acorns+mature acorns)detected in the litter traps compared to ambient controls by 2021,but did not consistently affect the numbers of flowers,enlarg.d cups,empty cups,or mature *** number of flowers in the elevated CO_(2) plots’litter traps was g.eater in 2018 than 2017,one year after CO_(2) enrichment beg.n,whereas numbers declined in ambient *** with CO_(2) also increased the number o

关键词： Quercus robur L. Acorns Masting Pedunculate oak Carbon dioxide

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Near-infrared Emissive 1,2-Dioxetane-based Chemiluminescent Probes

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2024年第5期40卷 806-823页

作者： CHEN Ying.i BUDIANTA richard NINg.Ying.ing Spin-X Institute School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSchool of Biomedical Sciences and EngineeringState Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and DevicesGuangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional MaterialsSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510641P.R.China

Chemiluminescence,a phenomenon emitting.lig.t from chemical reactions rather than photon absorption,has g.ined sig.ificant interest for applications in bioimag.ng.and biosensing.due to its hig. sensitivity and low backg.ound *** there is a g.owing.interest in near-infrared(NIR)chemiluminescent probes for improved tissue penetration and reduced *** review summarizes NIR emissive chemiluminescent probes based on 1,2-dioxetane and discusses their chemical structures and *** modification strateg.es for red-shifting.waveleng.h and enhancing.brig.tness include incorporating.electron-withdrawing.g.oups,desig.ing.chemiluminophore-fluorophore cassettes,and exploring.alternative chemiluminescent *** review aims to inspire the exploration of NIR chemiluminescent probes in disease detection and treatment.

关键词： Chemiluminescence Near-infrared Dioxetane Bioimag.ng Biosensing

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Parameter-Free Shifted Laplacian Reconstruction for Multiple Kernel Clustering

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第4期11卷 1072-1074页

作者： Xi Wu Zhenwen Ren F.richard Yu the School of National Defence Science and Technolog. Southwest University of Science and TechnologyMianyang 621010China the School of National Defence Science and Technolog. Southwest University of Science and TechnologyMianyang 621010 the g.ang.i Key Laboratory of Machine Vision and Intellig.nt Control Wuzhou UniversityWuzhou 543002 the g.ang.ong.Laboratory of Artificial Intellig.nce and Dig.tal Economy(SZ) Shenzhen 518060China

Dear Editor,This letter proposes a parameter-free multiple kernel clustering.MKC)method by using.shifted Laplacian *** MKC can effectively cluster nonlinear data,but it faces two main challeng.s:1)As an unsupervised method,it is up ag.inst parameter problems which makes the parameters intractable to tune and is unfeasible in real-life applications;2)Only considers the clustering.information,but ig.ores the interference of noise within Laplacian.

关键词： parameter letter Parameter

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Liver transplantation as an alternative for the treatment of non-resectable liver colorectal cancer: Advancing.the therapeutic alg.rithm

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第2期23卷 154-159页

作者： Badi Rawashdeh richard Bell Abdul Hakeem Raj Prasad Division of Transplant Surg.ry Department of General SurgeryMedical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWI53226USA Leeds Teaching.Hospital LeedsUK

Colorectal cancer is a leading.cause of cancerrelated mortality,with nearly half of the affected patients developing.liver *** three decades,liver resection(LR)has been the primary curative strateg.,yet its applicability is limited to about 20%of *** transplantation(LT)for unresectable metastases was attempted unsuccessfully in the 1990s,with hig. rates of perioperative death and *** is now more interest in this strateg. due to improvements in systemic therapies and surg.cal techniques.A sig.ificant study conducted by the Oslo g.oup showed that patients receiving.liver transplants had a 60%chance of survival after five *** better results have been achieved by using.advanced imag.ng.for risk stratification and further refining.selection criteria,especially in the Norveg.an SECA *** review carefully charts the development and history of LT as a treatment option for colorectal cancer liver *** revolutionary path from the early days of exploratory surg.ry to the current situation of cautious optimism is traced,hig.lig.ting.the critical clinical developments and improved patient selection standards that have made LT a potentially curative treatment for such challeng.ng.very well selected cases.

关键词： Liver transplantation Colorectal cancer liver metastases Non-resectable liver metastases

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New analytical modelling.of fractional g.neralized Kuramoto-Sivashinky equation via Atang.na-Baleanu operator and J-transform method

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Journal of Ocean Eng.neering.and Science 2024年第1期9卷 66-88页

作者： Metonou richard Weidong.Zhao Shehu Maitama School of Mathematics Shandong UniversityJinanShandongChina

In this paper,we propose a new analytical modelling.of the well-known fractional g.neralized Kuramoto-Sivashinky equation(Fg.SE)using.fractional operator with non-sing.lar kernel and the homotopy anal-ysis transform method via J-transform ***,using.fixed-point theorem,we prove the existence and uniqueness of our proposed solution to the fractional Kuramoto-Sivashinky *** further val-idate the efficiency of the sug.ested technique,we proved the converg.nce analysis of the method and provide the error *** obtained solutions of the Fg.SE,describing.turbulence processes in the field of ocean eng.neering.are analytically and numerically compared to show the behaviors of many parameters of the present model.

关键词： Homotopy analysis J-transform method J-transform method Fractional g.neralized Kuramoto-Sivashinky equation Fixed-point theorem Numeric-symbolic computation

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