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Epidemiological, Diagnostic, Therapeutic and Progressive Aspects of Arterial Hypertension in Children at the University Hospital Center of Bouaké (Côte d’Ivoire)

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第2期14卷 379-390页

作者： richard Azagoh-Kouadio Yao Kossonou Roland Yeboua Kouassi Christian Yao John Patrick Yenan Iburaima Alamun Akanji Kouadio Vincent Assé Pediatric Department of Angré University Hospital Abidjan Ivory Coast Pediatric Department of Bouaké University Hospital Bouaké Ivory Coast

Introduction: Arterial hypertension (AH) in children is under-diagnosed and often has a poor prognosis. The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological, diagnostic, therapeutic and evolutionary aspects of hypertension in children at the University Hospital of Bouaké, with a view to improving the prognosis. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, analytical study carried out in the paediatrics department of Bouaké University Hospital. It concerned the medical records of children aged 4 to 15 hospitalised from 1 January 2017 to 31 December 2020 for hypertension. Diagnosis was based on the simplified blood pressure guidelines of the Expert Consensus of the French Society of Hypertension. The variables studied were epidemiological, diagnostic, therapeutic and evolutionary. Quantitative variables were compared at the significance level p ≤ 0.05. Results: The hospital incidence of hypertension was 0.32% (69/21,642). The sex ratio was 0.72. 97.1% of the children were over five years of age. Oedema (49.3%) and breathing difficulties (20.2%) were the main reasons for consultation. Hypertension was classified as threatening (56.5%), confirmed (31.9%) and borderline (11.6%). The cause was renal in 66.7%, dominated by impure nephrotic syndrome (24.6%). Treatment for hypertension consisted mainly of a diuretic (79.7%) and a calcium channel blocker (47.8%). Outcome was favourable in 50.7% of cases. Mortality was 20.3%. No factor was significantly associated with death. Conclusion: Hypertension in children at Bouaké University Hospital is serious. The aetiology is mainly renal. Early diagnosis and management are key to improving prognosis.

关键词： Hypertension Children Renal Pathologies Prognosis Côte d’Ivoire

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法治与德国福利国家的发展

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环球法律评论 2024年第2期46卷 5-19页

作者： [德]理查德·吉森程凌(翻译) 慕尼黑大学法学院中国社会科学院法学研究所

法治不仅要求国家对个人权利的干预必须得到议会法律的授权,也要求国家的社会给付必须具有议会法律的基础。不过,对于后者,德国联邦社会法院并未十分严格地适用,其允许由议会通过预算但没有具体法律依据的国家给付。同时,社会给付须具... 详细信息

法治不仅要求国家对个人权利的干预必须得到议会法律的授权,也要求国家的社会给付必须具有议会法律的基础。不过,对于后者,德国联邦社会法院并未十分严格地适用,其允许由议会通过预算但没有具体法律依据的国家给付。同时,社会给付须具有法律基础,并不意味着关于社会给付的任何规范都必须确立一项法律保障的请求权,行政部门在所谓的裁量给付中具有一定的裁量空间。自1975年起,德国再次开始将社会法编纂为《社会法典》,不过这一过程尚未完成,且仍存在一定问题。学理上,社会法通常被划分为四个部分,即社会保障、社会补偿、社会支持和社会救助。此外,德国还建立了单独的社会法院,其具有三级审判结构,以联邦社会法院为最高审级。社会法内容的发展尚未完成,人口变化和数字化对社会法提出了两大挑战,将导致未来的立法变革。

关键词：法治议会保留福利国家德国社会法社会法典社会法院

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Assessment of the Level of Knowledge about Chronic Renal Failure in 271 Hypertensive Patients in Brazzaville

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Open Journal of Nephrology 2024年第1期14卷 25-36页

作者： Daniel Tony Eyeni Sinomono Ange Niama Gaël Honal Mahoungou Éric Gandzali-Ngabé Ndinga Berline Ngoma Precieux Dalia Mboungo richard Loumingo Department of Nephrology University Hospital Center Faculty of Health Sciences Marien Ngouabi University Brazzaville Congo Department of Public Health Faculty of Health Sciences Marien Ngouabi University Brazzaville Congo

Background and Objectives: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is now a global public health problem. In low- and middle-income countries such as the Congo, access to dialysis is low and inequitable. The prevention of CKD involves raising awareness among patients at risk, such as those suffering from arterial hypertension (AH), by improving their knowledge of CKD. The objectives of our work were to determine the level of knowledge about CKD among hypertensive patients and to identify the factors associated with a low level of knowledge. Methodology: We conducted a 3-month descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study from 1 August to 30 October 2023 in 3 large public hospitals in Brazzaville (capital of the Republic of Congo). We included: hypertensive patients aged 18 and over who had freely consented to participate in our study and were able to answer the questions on the survey form. Patients with known hypertension who had been followed for less than 3 years and those with known chronic renal failure were not included. Results: The mean age was 58.4 ± 14.4 years (29 - 88 years). There were 121 men and 150 women (sex ratio = 0.8). All the patients were educated;37.2% with a higher level of education and 13.6% with primary education. 24 patients (9%) had a good level of knowledge about CKD and 153 (56%) had poor knowledge. A good level of knowledge was associated with the duration of hypertension, intellectual level and the existence of associated heart disease. Conclusion: Our study reveals a significant lack of knowledge about chronic kidney disease among hypertensive patients in Brazzaville.

关键词： Knowledge Chronic Renal Failure Hypertensives Brazzaville

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Endorepellin和neurexin互作促进神经上皮细胞自噬并维持正常神经管发育

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Science Bulletin 2024年第14期69卷 2260-2272页

作者：卢磊白梅竹郑煜芳王修坤陈仲中彭瑞 richard H.Finnell 赵同金李承涛吴波雷云平李劲松王红艳 Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health Institute of Metabolism and Integrative BiologyFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China Obstetrics&Gynecology Hospital State Key Laboratory of Genetic EngineeringFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China Key Laboratory of Multi-Cell Systems Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular AndrologyCAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell ScienceShanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200031China Obstetrics&Gynecology Hospital The Institute of Obstetrics and GynecologyFudan UniversityShanghai 200090China Center for Precision Environmental Health Department of Molecular and Cellular BiologyBaylor College of MedicineHouston 77031USA Shanghai Medical College Fudan UniversityShanghai 200032China Prenatal Diagnosis Center of Shenzhen Maternity&Child Healthcare Hospital Shenzhen 518028China Children’s Hospital Fudan UniversityShanghai 201102China

Heparan sulfate proteoglycan 2(HSPG2)gene encodes the matrix protein Perlecan,and genetic inactivation of this gene creates mice that are embryonic lethal with severe neural tube defects(NTDs).We discovered rare genetic variants of HSPG2 in 10%cases compared to only 4%in controls among a cohort of 369 ***,a peptide cleaved from the domain V of Perlecan,is known to promote angiogenesis and autophagy in endothelial *** roles of enderepellin in neurodevelopment remain unclear so *** study revealed that endorepellin can migrate to the neuroepithelial cells and then be recognized and bind with the neuroepithelia receptor neurexin in *** the endocytic pathway,the interaction of endorepellin and neurexin physiologically triggers autophagy and appropriately modulates the differentiation of neural stem cells into neurons as a blocker,which is necessary for normal neural tube *** created knock-in(KI)mouse models with human-derived HSPG2 variants,using sperm-like stem cells that had been genetically edited by CRISPR/*** realized that any HSPG2 variants that affected the function of endorepellin were considered pathogenic causal variants for human NTDs given that the severe NTD phenotypes exhibited by these KI embryos occurred in a significantly higher response frequency compared to wildtype *** study provides a paradigm for effectively confirming pathogenic mutations in other genetic ***,we demonstrated that using autophagy inhibitors at a cellular level can repress neuronal ***,autophagy agonists may prevent NTDs resulting from failed autophagy maintenance and neuronal over-differentiation caused by deleterious endorepellin variants.

关键词： Neural tube defects Androgenetic haploid embryonic stem cells Basement membrane Neural stem cell Autophagy

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Post Blast Tympanic Perforations, Clinical and Paraclinical Study at Six Yaounde Hospitals

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2024年第2期13卷 126-134页

作者： Andjock Nkouo Yves Christian Lekassa Pierrette Meva’a Biouele Roger Christian Moboung Prudence Mindja Eko David Djomou Francois Njock richard Ndjolo Alexis Ophthalmology-Ear-Nose-Throat (ENT)-Stomatology Department Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon ENT-Cervico-Facial-Surgery (CFS) Service Yaounde General Hospital Yaounde Cameroon ENT-CFS Service Omar Bongo Ondimba Military Teaching Hospital Libreville Gabon ENT-CFS Service Yaounde Central Hospital Yaounde Cameroon ENT-CFS Service Yaounde Teaching Hospital Yaounde Cameroon ENT-CFS Service Douala General Hospital Douala Cameroon

Introduction: Post-blast tympanic perforations represent an entity of traumatic perforations;various mechanisms are at the origin of the latter, and the increase in conflicts and acts of violence are increasing the studies on this subject, but few data are available in our context. Objective: This paper aims to study post-blast tympanic perforations in Yaounde, specifically the epidemiological, clinical, and paraclinical aspects. Methodology: We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study with retrospective and prospective data collection in six Yaounde hospitals over 63 months from January 1, 2018, to March 31, 2023. All patients with at least one post-blast tympanic perforation were included. Socio-demographic, clinical and paraclinical data were collected on a questionnaire and analysed using SPSS 28 software. Results: We included 124 patients. The prevalence of post-blast tympanic perforations was 0.1% of the consultations in the departments. 71 The average age was 28.6 ± 9.1 years, with extremes ranging from 7 to 49 years. The median consultation time was five days. The most frequent injury circumstances were physical aggression (81.45%) and armed conflict (10.5%). The injury mechanisms were slaps (75%), punches (21.74%) and grenades (4.8%). The main symptoms on admission were hearing loss (63.7%), tinnitus (58.1%) and otalgia (57.3%). The tympanic perforations were unilateral in all cases, the anterior-inferior location was more characteristic, and the deafness was conductive in 58.3% of cases, followed by mixed deafness in 23.3% of cases. Conclusion: Post-blast tympanic perforations are rare in consultation. The population is primarily male and from the second decade of life. The main circumstance is aggression.

关键词： Tympanic Perforation Blast Yaounde

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Jonathan Livingston Seagull (Excerpt)

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疯狂英语（新悦读） 2024年第10期 54-56,78页

作者： richard D.Bach 不详

It was morning,and the new sun sparkled gold across the ripples of a gentle sea.A mile from shore a fishing boat chummed the water and the word for Breakfast Flock flashed through the air,till a crowd of a thousand se... 详细信息

关键词： flash gentle Living

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The Entomological Efficacy of Piperonyl Butoxide (PBO) Combined with a Pyrethroid in Insecticide-Treated Nets for Malaria Prevention: A Village-Based Cohort Study Prior to Large-Scale Deployment of New Generation Mosquito Nets in Burkina Faso

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Advances in Entomology（昆虫学） 2024年第3期 224页

作者： Aristide S.Hien Samina Maiga Koama Bayili Adissa Y.Ouattara Dieudonné D.Soma richard Bationo Georges Benson Meda Delphine O.Karama Tiecoura camara Georges Anicet Ouedraogo Roch K.Dabiré Abdoulaye Diabaté

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Geochemical Analysis of Albian-Maastrichtian Formations in the Offshore Basin of the Abidjan Margin: Rock-Eval Pyrolysis Study

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Open Journal of Geology 2024年第8期14卷 805-822页

作者： N’Guessan Donald Ahoure Blandine Akissi Egoran Guy richard N’Dri Kouadio Zokagon Sylvain Sehi Emmanuelle Laure Oura Zéli Bruno Digbehi UFR of Sciences and Technologies Alassane Ouattara Bouak Laboratory of Plant Biology and Earth Sciences Bouak Cte dIvoire UFR Marine Sciences San Pedro University San Pedro Cte dIvoire PETROCI Geochimistry Department at the Center for Analysis and Research Abidjan Cte dIvoire UFR/STRM Felix Houphout Boigny University of Abidjan Abidjan Cte dIvoire

The Albian-Maastrichtian interval of the Ivorian sedimentary basin has been the subject of numerous sedimentological, biostratigraphic, and geophysical studies. However, its geochemical characteristics remain relatively unexplored. This study aims to determine the oil potential and the nature of the organic matter it contains. It focuses on the geochemical analysis (physicochemical method) of two oil wells located in the offshore sedimentary basin of Côte d’Ivoire, specifically in the Abidjan margin. A total of 154 cuttings samples from wells TMH-1X and TMH-2X were analyzed to determine their oil potential and the nature of the organic matter (OM) they contain. The analyses were performed using Rock-Eval pyrolysis, a method that characterizes the amount of hydrocarbons generated by the organic matter present in the rocks. The key parameters measured include Total Organic Carbon (TOC), Hydrogen Index (HI), oil potential (S2), and maximum pyrolysis temperature (Tmax). These parameters are used to assess the amount of organic matter, its thermal maturity, and its potential to generate hydrocarbons in the studied wells. The results show significant variations between different stratigraphic levels. In well TMH-1X, the Cenomanian and Campanian intervals stand out with very good quantities of organic matter (OM) with good oil potential, although often immature. In contrast, other stages such as the Albian and Turonian contain organic matter in moderate to low quantities, often immature and of continental type, which limits their capacity to generate hydrocarbons. In well TMH-2X, a similar trend is observed. Despite an abundance of organic matter, the oil potential remains low in most of the studied stages. The organic matter is primarily of type III (continental origin) and thermally immature, indicating a low potential for hydrocarbon generation. The study reveals that, although some intervals exhibit high-quality organic matter, the majority of the samples show insuffic

关键词： Geochemistry Rock-Eval Pyrolysis Upper Senonian Petroleum Potential Côte d’Ivoire

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Thoracoscopy in Cameroon: Indications, Technics and Short Term Results

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Surgical Science 2024年第4期15卷 278-288页

作者： Guy Aristide Bang richard II Mbele Fabrice Stephane Arroye Betou Arlette Joelle Moukitek Banaken Amos Bella Ela Charles Mve Mvondo Arthur Essomba Department of Surgery and Specialities Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Yaound&#233 I University Yaound&#233 Cameroon Department of Surgery and Specialities Yaound&#233 Teaching Hospital Yaound&#233 Cameroon General Surgery Service Mvog-Ada District Hospital Yaound&#233 Cameroon Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery Laquintinie Hospital Douala Cameroon Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery Yaound&#233 General Hospital Yaound&#233 Cameroon Cardiac Center Shisong St. Elizabeth Catholic General Hospital Shisong Kumbo Cameroon

Introduction: Thoracoscopy is a video-assisted surgical approach that mirrors the techniques used in thoracotomy. Our aim is to map the current state of thoracoscopy practice in Cameroon’s hospitals. Methods: This was a descriptive study that collected both retrospective and prospective data over 57 months across four hospitals in Cameroon. It included 13 patients and focused on variables such as socio-demographic factors, clinical profiles, surgical procedures, and postoperative follow-up. Results: Thirteen patients, predominantly male (84.6%, n = 11), with a mean age of 37.5 ± 16 years, were enrolled. Alcohol use (61.5%) and smoking (38.5%) were the most common past histories. The major complaints were dyspnea (84.6%) and chest pain (58.3%). The primary surgical procedure was clot-free thoracoscopy in 30.8% of cases, mainly for persistent hemothorax (41.8%). Most surgeries were elective (76.9%) and performed under general anesthesia with selective intubation (61.5%). The most common approach was single-port thoracoscopy (U-VATS) (76.9%), with no reported difficulties;however, one intraoperative incident occurred and was successfully treated. Drainage was performed systematically in all patients, and one case required conversion to open surgery. Postoperative complications were minor (Clavien-Dindo grade I) and mainly consisted of pain, with a mortality rate of 15.4%. No significant association was found between risk factors and the occurrence of complications or postoperative mortality. Conclusion: Thoracoscopy, a novel approach in our context, primarily focuses on minor thoracic surgeries.

关键词： Thoracoscopy Single-Port Hemothorax Cameroon

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Epidemiological, Diagnostic, Therapeutic, and Prognostic Profile of Non-Tuberculous Community-Acquired Purulent Pleurisy in Children at the Bouaké University Hospital Center, 2017-2021

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2024年第1期14卷 220-232页

作者： Yapo Thomas Aba Christian Yao Pacôme Monemo richard Azagoh-Kouadio Iburaima Akandji Noelle Gonné Jean-Marie Karidioula Vincent Achi Vincent Kouadio Asse Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases University Hospital of Bouaké Bouaké Ivory Coast University Alassane Ouattara of Bouake Bouake Ivory Coast Department of Pediatrics University Hospital of Bouaké Bouaké Ivory Coast Department of Bacteriology & Virology University Hospital of Bouake Bouaké Ivory Coast Department of Pediatrics University Hospital of Angré Abidjan Ivory Coast Department of Pneumology University Hospital of Bouake Bouaké Ivory Coast

Introduction: In Côte d’Ivoire, there is a scarcity of data on children’s purulent pleurisies. Objective: This study aims to elucidate the epidemiological, diagnostic, therapeutic, and evolutionary facets of non-tuberculous purulent pleurisies in pediatric patients. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted using the medical records of children aged one month to fifteen years with purulent pleurisies at Bouaké University Hospital Center from January 2017 to December 2021. Results: The study identified 124 cases of purulent pleurisies, constituting 18% of lower respiratory tract infections and 0.8% of all hospitalizations. The majority of these cases (69%) were in children between 1 and 24 months of age. Prominent symptoms included dyspnea (85.5%), O2 saturation below 95% in room air (76.6%), respiratory distress (68.5%), cutaneous-mucosal pallor (63.7%), and fever (43.5%). Radiological findings predominantly showed right-sided pleurisy (62.1%). The pleurisy was often extensive (78.2%), accompanied by pneumothorax (37.1%), alveolo-interstitial opacities (8.1% of cases), and abscess formations (1.6%). Pleural fluid cultures were positive in 46.9% of cases, with Staphylococcus aureus (75%, methi-S) identified among 32 bacteria. Initial antibiotic treatment was empirical, favoring oxacillin (53.2%) or amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (53.2%) in dual (42%) or triple therapy (33%) with gentamicin (64.1%) and/or metronidazole (21.8%). Treatments also included pleural drainage (68.5%) or repeated evacuation punctures (33.1%), and blood transfusion (39%). The mortality rate was 18.8%. Conclusion: Non-tuberculous purulent pleurisy remains a significant concern in pediatric hospitalizations at the CHU of Bouaké, marked by high mortality rates.

关键词： Community-Acquired Purulent Pleurisies Children Mortality Bouaké

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