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Journal of Integrative Plant biology 2008年第11期50卷 1388-1395页

作者： Joy K.Ward David A.Myers richard b.thomas Department of Ecology and Evolutionary biology University of Kansas Department of biology West Virginia University

During the last ice age, CO2 concentration （[CO2]） was 180-200 umol/mol compared with the modern value of 380 umol/mol, and global temperatures were -8 ℃ cooler. Relatively little is known about the responses of C3 and C4 species to longterm exposure to glacial conditions. Here Abutilon theophrasti Medik. （C3） and Amaranthus retroflexus L. （C4） were grown at 200 umol/mol CO2 with current （30/24℃） and glacial （22/16℃） temperatures for 22d. Overall, the C4 species exhibited a large growth advantage over the C3 species at low [CO2]. However, this advantage was reduced at low temperature, where the C4 species produced 5x the total mass of the C3 species versus 14x at the high temperature. This difference was due to a reduction in C4 growth at low temperature, since the C3 species exhibited similar growth between temperatures. Physiological differences between temperatures were not detected for either species, although photorespiration/net photosynthesis was reduced in the C3 species grown at low temperature, suggesting evidence of improved carbon balance at this treatment. This system suggests that C4 species had a growth advantage over C3 species during low [CO2] of the last ice age, although concurrent reductions in temperatures may have reduced this advantage.

关键词： Abutilon theophrasti Amaranthus retroflexus C3 species C4 species climate change low CO2 low temperature photorespiration Pleistocene.

Potential of ultrasound stimulation and sonogenetics in vision restoration:a narrative review

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第12期20卷 3501-3516页

作者： Jie Ji Chen Gong Gengxi Lu Junhang Zhang baoqiang Liu Xunan Liu Junhao Lin Patrick Wang biju b.thomas Mark S.Humayun Qifa Zhou Department of biomedical Engineering University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA USC Roski Eye Institute Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA thomas Lord Department of Computer Science University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA Harvard Westlake School Studio CityCAUSA

Vision restoration presents a considerable challenge in the realm of regenerative medicine,while recent progress in ultrasound stimulation has displayed potential as a non-invasive therapeutic *** narrative review offers a comprehensive overview of current research on ultrasound-stimulated neuromodulation,emphasizing its potential as a treatment modality for various nerve *** examining of the efficacy of different types of ultrasound stimulation in modulating peripheral and optic nerves,we can delve into their underlying molecular ***,the review underscores the potential of sonogenetics in vision restoration,which involves leveraging pharmacological and genetic manipulations to inhibit or enhance the expression of related mechanosensitive channels,thereby modulating the strength of the ultrasound *** also address how methods such as viral transcription can be utilized to render specific neurons or organs highly responsive to ultrasound,leading to significantly improved therapeutic outcomes.

关键词： neuromodulation non-invasive optic nerve injury retinal degeneration sonogenetics ultrasound stimulation visual restoration

Machine learning in solid organ transplantation:Charting the evolving landscape

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World Journal of Transplantation 2025年第1期15卷 165-177页

作者： badi Rawashdeh Haneen Al-abdallat Emre Arpali beje thomas Ty b Dunn Matthew Cooper Division of Transplant Surgery Medical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWI 53202United States Department of Medicine Jordan University HospitalAmman 11263Jordan Department of Nephrology Medical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWI 53226United States

bACKGROUND Machine learning(ML),a major branch of artificial intelligence,has not only demonstrated the potential to significantly improve numerous sectors of healthcare but has also made significant contributions to the field of solid organ *** provides revolutionary opportunities in areas such as donorrecipient matching,post-transplant monitoring,and patient care by automatically analyzing large amounts of data,identifying patterns,and forecasting *** To conduct a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of publications on the use of ML in transplantation to understand current research trends and their *** On July 18,a thorough search strategy was used with the Web of Science *** and transplantation-related keywords were *** the aid of the VOS viewer application,the identified articles were subjected to bibliometric variable analysis in order to determine publication counts,citation counts,contributing countries,and institutions,among other *** Of the 529 articles that were first identified,427 were deemed relevant for bibliometric analysis.A surge in publications was observed over the last four years,especially after 2018,signifying growing interest in this *** 209 publications,the United States emerged as the top ***,the"Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation"and the"American Journal of Transplantation"emerged as the leading journals,publishing the highest number of relevant *** keyword searches revealed that patient survival,mortality,outcomes,allocation,and risk assessment were significant themes of *** The growing body of pertinent publications highlights ML's growing presence in the field of solid organ *** bibliometric analysis highlights the growing importance of ML in transplant research and highlights its exciting potential to change medical practices and enhance patient *** collaboration between signific

关键词： Machine learning Artificial Intelligence Solid organ transplantation bibliometric analysis

Effect of 5.25% Sodium Hypochlorite on Shear bond Strength of Orthodontic brackets bonded with ObA-MCP

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Open Journal of Orthopedics 2025年第1期15卷 1-14页

作者： Nhi Le Hoda Rahimi richard D. bloomstein thomas J. Cangialosi Western Dental and Orthodontics San Jose USA Orthodontic Department Rutgers School of Dental Medicine Newark USA

Introduction: bracket debonding is a frequent issue that clinicians encounter, leading to increased chair time, lost revenue, and material usage. In addition to patient compliance with their diet recommendations, the preparation and conditioning of teeth for bonding significantly influence bond strength and consequently impact orthodontic treatment success and efficiency. because of ObA-MCP’s (orthodontic bonding adhesive with modified calcium phosphate) decreased shear bond strength (SbS), the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of conditioning with 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) before etching in the bonding protocol. Materials and Methods: 90 extracted teeth were divided into 3 groups to be bonded with orthodontic brackets with different bonding protocols: 1) Transbond XT with regular bonding protocol (etch + prime + adhesive);2) ObA-MCP with regular bonding protocol;and 3) ObA-MCP with NaOCl prior to acid etching in the regular bonding protocol. SbS (in Newtons) were measured using an MTS universal testing machine with a custom jig to apply a vertical force onto the bracket and ARI (adhesive remnant index) scores were recorded for each sample after de-bond to rate the amount of adhesive remaining. Results: The addition of NaOCl to the bonding protocol statistically significantly increased the SbS of ObA-MCP to comparable levels to Transbond XT. The ARI scores showed that when NaOCl was added, more adhesive remained. Conclusion: The addition of NaOCl to the bonding protocol can increase the SbS of adhesives with historically weaker bond strengths. However, the increased amount of adhesive remaining and the increased time spent during bonding must be considered. Further testing can be done in vivo to demonstrate the practicality of this new procedure.

关键词： Shear bond Strength Sodium Hypochlorite Orthodontic brackets

Tuning beneficial calcineurin phosphatase activation to counterα-synuclein toxicity in a yeast model of Parkinson’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 199-200页

作者： Srishti Chawla Mikael Molin thomas Nystrom Institute for biomedicine Sahlgrenska AcademyCentre for Ageing and Health-AgeCapUniversity of GothenburgGothenburgSweden Department of Life Sciences Chalmers University of TechnologyGothenburgSweden

Calcineurin(CN)is a calcium-and calmodulindependent serine/threonine that has been studied in many model organisms including yeast,filamentous fungi,plants,and *** biological functions range from ion homeostasis and virulence in lower eukaryotes to T-cell activation in humans by human nuclear factors of activated *** is a heterodimeric protein consisting of a catalytic subunit,calcineurin A(Cna1p),which contains an active site with a dinuclear metal center,and a regulatory Ca^(2+) binding subunit called calcineurin b(Cnb1p)required to activate *** calcineurin b subunit has been highly conserved through evolution:For example,the mammalian calcineurin b shows 54%identity with calcineurin b from Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

关键词： activation dinuclear conserved

Synergistic effect of nitrocellulose coating on structural and reactivity stabilization of ammonium nitrate oxidizer

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Defence Technology(防务技术) 2025年第1期43卷 35-43页

作者： Amir Abdelaziz Djalal Trache Ahmed Fouzi Tarchoun Hani boukeciat Yash Pal Sourbh Thakur Weiqiang Pang thomas M.Klapötke Energetic Materials Laboratory(EMLab) Teaching and Research Unit of Energetic ProcessesEcole Militaire PolytechniqueBP 17 Bordj El-BahriAlgiers 16046Algeria School of Aeronautical Science Hindustan Institute of Technology and ScienceChennai 603103India Department of Organic Chemistry Bioorganic Chemistry and BiotechnologySilesian University of TechnologyB.Krzywoustego 4Gliwice 44–100Poland Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute 168 Zhangba Rd.EastXi'an 710065China Energetic Materials Research Department of ChemistryLudwig-Maximilian UniversityMunich Butenandtstrasse 5-13(D)Munich D-81377Germany

The present work aims to stabilize the room temperature allotropic transition of ammonium nitrate(AN)particles utilizing a microencapsulation technique,which involves solvent/non-solvent in which nitrocellulose(NC)has been employed as a coating *** SEM micrographs revealed distinct features of both pure AN and NC,contrasting with the irregular granular surface topography of the coated AN particles,demonstrating the adherence of NC on the AN *** analysis via infrared spectroscopy(IR)demonstrated a successful association of AN and NC,with slight shifts observed in IR bands indicating interfacial *** X-ray Diffraction(PXRD)analysis further elucidated the structural changes induced by the coating process,revealing that the NC coating altered the crystallization pattern of its pure *** analysis demonstrates distinct profiles for pure and coated AN,for which the coated sample exhibits a temperature increase and an enthalpy decrease of the room temperature allotropic transition by 6℃,and 36%,***,the presence of NC coating alters the intermolecular forces within the composite system,leading to a reduction in melting enthalpy of coated AN by~39%compared to pure *** thermal decomposition analysis shows a two-step thermolysis process for coated AN,with a significant increase in the released heat by about 78%accompanied by an increase in the activation barrier of NC and AN thermolysis,demonstrating a stabilized reactivity of the AN-NC *** findings highlight the synergistic effect of NC coating on AN particles,which contributed to a structural and reactive stabilization of both AN and NC,proving the potential application of NC-coated AN as a strategically advantageous oxidizer in composite solid propellant formulations.

关键词： Ammonium nitrate Nitrocellulose Stabilization Coating Thermolysis kinetics

Nutritive and Microbiological Quality of Fish Feed Formulated from Local Flours Enriched with Larvaes of Hermetia illucens

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Advances in Microbiology 2025年第1期15卷 30-41页

作者： Francine Herodias béké Nadège Kouadio-N’gbesso Paul Yao Attien N’da Einstein Kouadio Audrey Charlène Asté Comoé Koffi Donatien benie Adjehi thomas Dadié Department of Food Sciences and Technologies (STA) Laboratory of Microbiology and Biotechnology Food Nangui Abrogoua University Abidjan Cte dIvoire Laboratory of Microbiology Oceanographic Research Center Abidjan Cte dIvoire Laboratory of Agrovalorisation Jean Lorougnon Guede University Daloa Cte dIvoire Agronomic Sciences and Processing Institut National Polytechnique Flix Houphout-Boigny Yamoussoukro Cte dIvoire Department of biosciences Laboratory of Biotechnology Agriculture and valorization of Biological Resources (LBAVR) Flix Houphout Boigny University Abidjan Cte dIvoire

In aquaculture, feed represents the main component of production costs, and the development of this sector depends on the development of an economical feed formulation that meets the qualitative and quantitative requirements of fish. The aim of this study was to determine the nutritive and microbiological quality of fish feed formulated from local flours enriched with Hermetia illucens larvae. The raw materials used for formulation were fishmeal, corn meal, low-grade rice, soybean meal and Hermetia illucens larvae meal. Different iso-protein feed compositions were prepared with 0%, 10%, 25%, 35%, 50%, 65%, 75% and 100% incorporation of Hermetia illucens larvae meal as a substitute for fish meal. biochemical and microbiological analyses of these flours were determined using standard methods. The results showed that incorporation of larvae meal had an influence on the biochemical characteristics ash (8.15 to 20.27%), lipid (11.55 to 24.94%), fiber (13.93 to 20.41%) and dry matter (89.65 to 91.19%) of various formulated feed. Loads of fecal Streptococci, Staphylococci, Aeromonas, yeasts and molds ranged from 2.4 to 4.9 log 10 CFU/g;3.6 to 3.9 log 10 CFU/g;2.2 to 2.7 log 10 CFU/g;2.1 to 2.3 log 10 CFU/g, respectively. The level of contamination of these flours was below the microbiological criteria applicable to animal feed. Feed formulated with 0% and 10% Hermetia illucens larvae showed the best nutritive and microbiological characteristics. These results suggest that flours enriched with Hermetia illucens larvae could be used in fish feed.

关键词： Hermetia illucens Fish Feed Nutritive and Microbiological Quality

Successes and challenges in non-destructive testing of aircraft composite structures

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2020年第3期33卷 771-791页

作者： Hossein TOWSYFYAN Ander bIGURI richard bOARDMAN thomas bLUMENSATH Institute of Sound and Vibration Research(ISVR) University of SouthamptonSouthampton SO171BJUK μ-VIS X-Ray Imaging Centre University of SouthamptonSouthampton SO171BJUK

Composite materials are increasingly used in the aerospace *** fully realise the weight saving potential along with superior mechanical properties that composites offer in safety critical applications,reliable Non-Destructive Testing(NDT)methods are required to prevent catastrophic *** paper will review the state of the art in the field and point to highlight the success and challenges that different NDT methods are faced to evaluate the integrity of critical aerospace *** focus will be on advanced certificated NDT methods for damage detection and characterization in composite laminates for use in the aircraft primary and secondary structures.

关键词： Acoustic emission Aircraft composite structures Eddy Current Testing Infra-Red Thermography Laser Shearography Non-Destructive Testing(NDT) Ultrasonic testing X-ray radiography and tomography

Mannan-decorated STING-activating vaccine carrier for spatial coordinative stimulating antigen-specific immune responses

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Fundamental Research 2025年第1期5卷 183-191页

作者： Liu, Liping Zhao, Jiayu Huang, Zichao Xu, Yudi Chen, Hongyu Qiao, Ruirui Song, Wantong Tang, Zhaohui Davis, thomas P. Chen, Xuesi Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Science and Technology of China Jilin biomedical Polymers Engineering Laboratory Australian Institute of bioengineering and Nanotechnology The University of Queensland

In recent years, the use of nanotechnologies to improve immunotherapy efficiency has attracted increasing interest in preventive and therapeutic cancer vaccine design. However, current nanocarriers are restricted by difficulties in the systematic spatial coordinative transport of antigens, which greatly hampers the immune response efficacy of nanovaccines. Herein, we designed a mannan-decorated stimulator of the interferon genes (STING)-activating vaccine carrier for spatial coordinative stimulation of antigen-specific immune responses and elicitation of robust antitumor immunity. Mannan-decoration as the shell could significantly enhance the lymph node draining ability of the nanovaccines, especially in CD8+ dendritic cells (DCs). Azole molecule end-capped polylactic acid-polyethylenimine (PLA-PEI-4bImi) with innate stimulating activity was applied as the inner core for coordinating antigen-presenting cell activation and antigen cross-presentation. In the in vivo therapy study, single usage of this nanovaccine could achieve a 93% tumor suppression rate in the b16-OVA tumor model, which is superior to the commercialized aluminum adjuvant. This study demonstrates that a rational design of vaccine carriers for solving spatial transmission issues could greatly improve cancer vaccine efficiencies. © 2023

关键词： biopolymer Cancer immunotherapy Cancer vaccine Drug delivery Nanotechnology

biodiversity science blossoms in China

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National Science Review 2021年第7期8卷 60-61页

作者： richard b.Primack biology Department Boston University

Over the past 35 years, China has been transformed by an economic miracle unlike anything seen in the history of the world. Hundreds of millions of people have emerged from rural poverty, cities have been re-built, cutting-edge industries have been established and a modern transportation network now knits together the country. This transformation has come at a significant cost to the environment, in terms of air pollution, water pollution, the loss and fragmentation of habitats, and threats of species extinction. Yet, as the review by Mi et al.(2021) points out, China is also now emerging as a leader in biodiversity conservation and research [1].

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