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The CCD instrument background of the SMILE SXI

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 15-24页

作者： M.w.J.Hubbard O.Hetherington D.J.Hall T.w.Buggey S.parsons T.Arnold A.Holland C.Pagani S.Sembay Centre for Electronic Imaging The Open UniversityMilton KeynesMK76AAUK X-ray and Observational Astronomy Group Department of Physics&AstronomyUniversity of LeicesterLE17RHUK

The ESA and CAS SMILE mission orbit is highly elliptical and w.ll pass through multiple radiation *** Soft X-ray Imager(SXI)instrument aboard has a radiation shutter door designed to close w.en the surrounding radiation flux is *** shutter door w.ll close w.en passing below.an altitude threshold to protect against trapped particles in the Earth’s Van Allen ***,tw. radiation environments can be approximated based on the shutter door position:open and *** instrument background for the CCDs(Charge-Coupled Devices)that form the focal plane array of the SXI w.re evaluated for the tw. *** to the correlation of the space environment w.th the solar cycle,the solar minima and maxima,the background w.s also evaluated at these tw. *** results demonstrated that the highest instrument background w.ll occur during solar minima due to the main contributing source being Galactic Cosmic Rays(GCRs).It w.s also found that the open background w.s highest for solar minima and that the closed background w.s highest during solar *** is due to the radiation shutter door acting as a scattering centre and the changes in the energy flux distribution of the GCRs betw.en the tw. solar extremes.

关键词： instrument background X-ray astronomy space radiation

Rationale and design of Tenecteplase Reperfusion Therapy in Acute Ischaemic Cerebrovascular Events III (TRACE III): a randomised, phase III, open- label, controlled trial

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2024年第1期9卷 82-89页

作者： Yunyun Xiong Bruce C V Campbell Marc Fisher Lee H Schw.mm Mark parsons Hao Li Yuesong Pan Xia Meng Xingquan Zhao Yongjun w.ng Neurology Beijing Tiantan HospitalBeijingChina China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases BeijingChina Department of Medicine and Neurology The University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia Neurology Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterBostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Neurology and Comprehensive Stroke Center Massachusetts General HospitalBostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Neurology University of New South Wales South Western Sydney Clinical SchoolLiverpoolNew South WalesAustralia

Background and purpose Recombinant human TNK tissue-type plasminogen activator(rhTNK-tPA)w.s not inferior to alteplase for ischaemic stroke w.thin *** study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of rhTNK-tPA in patients w.o had an ischaemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion(LVO)of anterior circulation beyond *** and design Tenecteplase Reperfusion Therapy in Acute Ischaemic Cerebrovascular Events-III(TRACE III)is a multicentre,prospective,randomised,open-label,blind endpoint,controlled clinical *** w.o had an ischaemic stroke due to anterior circulation LVO(internal carotid artery,middle cerebral artery M1 and M2 segments)w.thin 4.5–24hours from last know. w.ll(including w.ke-up stroke and no w.tness stroke)and w.th salvageable tissue(ischaemic core volumew.ighted imaging(Pw.)w.re included and randomised to rhTNK-tPA 0.25mg/kg(single bolus)to a maximum of 25mg or standard medical ***,w. w.ll exclude patients w.o are intended for direct *** w.ll be follow.d up for 90 *** outcomes Primary efficacy outcome is modified Rankin Scale(mRS)score≤1 at 90 *** efficacy outcomes include ordinal distribution of mRS at 90 days,major neurological improvement defined by a decrease≥8 points compared w.th the initial deficit or a score≤1 on the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS)at 72 hours,mRS score≤2 at 90 days,the rate of improvement on Tmax>6s at 24 hours and NIHSS score change from baseline at *** outcomes are symptomatic intracerebral haemorrhage w.thin 36 hours and mortality at 90 *** TRACE III w.ll provide evidence for the efficacy and safety of rhTNK-tPA in patients w.o had an ischaemic strokes due to anterior circulation LVO beyond *** registration number NCT05141305.

关键词： Therapy random Rational

腹腔镜手术时腹腔内注射哌替啶和罗哌卡因后的药物分布与临床作用

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麻醉与镇痛 2009年第1期5卷 68-76页

作者： Michael J. Paech Kenneth F. Itett Peter Hackett Madhu Page-Sharp richard w. parsons 邢军(译) 李成辉(校) Pharmacology and Anaesthesiology Unit School of Medicine and Pharmacology The University of Western Australia Perth Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory PathWest Laboratory Medicine Nedlands Western Australia Australia Independent Biostatistician PerthWestern Australia Australia 不详

背景目前，支持腹腔内注射哌替啶或局部麻醉药以提供有效手术后镇痛的证据尚为有限。本研究的目的旨在探讨腹腔内注射哌替啶和罗哌卡因后镇痛的有效性，并测定药物的血浆浓度。本研究的无效假设为：各组患者接受腹腔镜腹部大手术后24小... 详细信息

背景目前，支持腹腔内注射哌替啶或局部麻醉药以提供有效手术后镇痛的证据尚为有限。本研究的目的旨在探讨腹腔内注射哌替啶和罗哌卡因后镇痛的有效性，并测定药物的血浆浓度。本研究的无效假设为：各组患者接受腹腔镜腹部大手术后24小时内活动时疼痛程度无统计学差异。方法本研究采用随机、双盲和空白对照的方法，在2个医学中心将250例拟行腹腔镜手术的女性患者分为5组：腹腔内注射哌替啶50或100mg（M50和M100组）、罗哌卡因150mg（R150组）、哌替啶50mg复合罗哌卡因150mg（M50R150组）和哌替啶肌肉注射50mg（对照组）。所有患者均肌肉注射生理盐水或腹腔内注射生理盐水，以保证各组处理方法的一致性。在恢复期间，将疼痛作为基本的观察指标，此后还要测定药代动力学参数。结果各组患者在手术后恢复室中及离开后的活动疼痛评分均数差异无统计学意义[对照组、M50组、M100组、R150组和M50R150组分别为2．2（2．8）、2．5（3．3）、1．6（2．5）、2．6（3．2）和2．7（3．2），P=0．50]。各组问静息疼痛评分、吗啡静脉用量、恢复指标和患者满意度的差异无统计学意义。腹腔内给予哌替啶50mg后，其血浆浓度（中位数55～60ug/L）相当于肌肉注射等量哌替啶后血浆浓度的一半（中位数113ug/L）。结论与全身注射阿片类药物相比，腹腔内注射哌替啶和罗哌卡因（单独使用或联合使用）并不能更好地缓解腹腔镜手术后的疼痛或减少阿片类药物的使用量。

关键词：腹腔内注射腹腔镜手术罗哌卡因哌替啶药物分布临床作用手术后镇痛注射生理盐水

Early anticoagulation in patients w.th stroke and atrial fibrillation is associated w.th few.r ischaemic lesions at 1 month: the ATTUNE study

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2024年第1期9卷 30-37,I0034页

作者： Angelos Sharobeam Longting Lin Christina Lam Carlos Garcia-Esperon Yash Gaw.rikar Ronak Patel Matthew.Lee-Archer Andrew.w.ng Michael Roizman Amanda Gilligan Andrew.Lee Kee Meng Tan Susan Day Christopher Levi Stephen M Davis Mark parsons Bernard Yan Melbourne Brain Centre at Royal Melbourne Hospital ParkvilleVictoriaAustralia University of New.South w.les South w.stern Sydney Clinical School LiverpoolNew South WalesAustralia Department of Neurology John Hunter HospitalNewcastleNew South WalesAustralia Department of Neurology Calvary Public HospitalCanberraAustralian Capital TerritoryAustralia Department of Neurology Northern Hospital EppingEppingVictoriaAustralia Department of Neurology Royal Brisbane and Women's HospitalHerstonQueenslandAustralia The University of Queensland School of Medicine HerstonQueenslandAustralia Neurosciences Clinical Institute Epworth HealthcareRichmondVirginiaAustralia Department of Neurology Austin HealthUniversity of MelbourneHeidelbergVictoriaAustralia Flinders University College of Medicine and Public Health AdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia Department of Neurology Gold Coast University HospitalSouthportQueenslandAustralia The University of Sydney Northern Clinical School St LeonardsNew South WalesAustralia Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology Liverpool HospitalLiverpoolNew South WalesAustralia

Background The optimal time to commence anticoagulation in patients w.th atrial fibrillation(AF)after ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic attack(TIA)is unclear,w.th guidelines differing in recommendations.A limitation of previous studies is the focus on clinically overt stroke,rather than radiologically obvious diffusion-w.ighted imaging ischaemic *** aimed to quantify silent ischaemic lesions and haemorrhages on MRI at 1month in patients commenced on early(w.uld be few.r ischaemic lesions and more haemorrhages in the early anticoagulant group at 1-month *** A prospective multicentre,observational cohort study w.s performed at 11 Australian stroke *** and MRI data w.re collected at baseline and follow.up,w.th blinded imaging assessment performed by tw. *** of commencement of anticoagulation w.s at the discretion of the treating stroke *** w. recruited 276 patients of w.om 208 met the eligibility *** average age w.s 74.2 years(SD±10.63),and 79(38%)patients w.re *** National Institute of Health Stroke Scale score w.s 5(IQR 1–12).Median baseline ischaemic lesion volume w.s 5mL(IQR 2–17).There w.re a greater number of new.ischaemic lesions on follow.up MRI in patients commenced on anticoagulation≥4days after index event(17%vs 8%,p=0.04),but no difference in haemorrhage rates(22%vs 32%,p=0.10).Baseline ischaemic lesion volume of≤5mL w.s less likely to have a new.haemorrhage at 1month(p=0.02).There w.s no difference in haemorrhage rates in patients w.th an initial ischaemic lesion volume of>5mL,regardless of anticoagulation *** Commencing anticoagulationw.th few.r ischaemic lesions at 1month in AF *** is no increased rate of haemorrhage w.th early *** results suggest that early anticoagulation after mild-to-moderate acute ischaemic stroke associated w

关键词： patients lesions ischaemic

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U盘记忆史

环球科学 2024年第6期 40-41页

作者：杰克·帕森斯不详

在20年前,一种革命性的小工具诞生了,如今它十分普及,我们在使用电脑时经常会用到它。这就是USB闪存盘,也被称为U盘、闪盘,是一种可以存储与传输数据的便携设备。顾名思义,USB闪存盘巧妙地结合了两种技术:名为通用串行总线(USB)的传输协... 详细信息

在20年前,一种革命性的小工具诞生了,如今它十分普及,我们在使用电脑时经常会用到它。这就是USB闪存盘,也被称为U盘、闪盘,是一种可以存储与传输数据的便携设备。顾名思义,USB闪存盘巧妙地结合了两种技术:名为通用串行总线(USB)的传输协议,以及名为闪存的存储技术。

关键词： U盘便携设备存储技术传输协议闪盘闪存 USB闪存盘传输数据

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谁条死了恐龙?

环球科学 2024年第8期 36-39页

作者：杰克·帕森斯不详

从史前寄生虫到古老的空气传播疾病,都有可能导致这些庞然大物死亡。陆地上,霸王龙会猎杀三角龙;天空中,翼龙会俯冲而下捕食小动物;海洋里,沧龙统治了同时代的海洋。这些强大的食肉动物在我们想象中的恐龙时代所向披靡,但还有一个更大... 详细信息

从史前寄生虫到古老的空气传播疾病,都有可能导致这些庞然大物死亡。陆地上,霸王龙会猎杀三角龙;天空中,翼龙会俯冲而下捕食小动物;海洋里,沧龙统治了同时代的海洋。这些强大的食肉动物在我们想象中的恐龙时代所向披靡,但还有一个更大的威胁经常被人忽略,那就是疾病。这种无形的敌人会悄无声息地发动攻击,在中生代杀死的生物比其他任何生物都要多。恐龙跟我们一样,也要呼吸和进食,当然也会生病。

关键词：空气传播三角龙恐龙生物寄生虫海洋

Influence of thermal history on the crystallization behavior of high-Bs Fe-based amorphous alloys

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2023年第5期66卷 173-180页

作者： Bow.n Zang Lijian Song richard parsons Jie Shen Meng Gao Yan Zhang Juntao Huo Yonghao Sun Fushan Li Kiyonori Suzuki Jun-Qiang w.ng w.ihua w.ng CAS Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Devices and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Magnetic Materials and Application TechnologyNingbo Institute of Materials Technology and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesNingbo 315201China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Monash UniversityClayton VIC 3800Australia Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Materials Science and Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China

A crucial step in creating cutting-edge soft magnetic alloys is the nanocrystallization of Fe-based amorphous ***,it is unclear how.the thermal history affects the *** this w.rk,high-precision nanocalorimetry and in-situ hightemperature transmission electron microscopy are used to systematically examine how.the pre-annealing relaxation process affects the nanocrystallization of Fe-based amorphous *** discover that the glass w.th more thermal energy storage w.ll crystallize into superb nanocrystalline structures w.th exceptionally advanced soft *** soft magnetic properties of Fe-B nanocrystalline alloys can be improved by increasing the relaxation *** finding provides solid and clear evidence for the influences of thermal history on crystallization behavior for Fe-based amorphous alloys,w.ich is helpful for designing advanced soft magnetic nanocrystalline alloys.

关键词： amorphous alloys enthalpy relaxation nanocrystallization microstructure development soft magnetic properties

The evolution of a geoscience standard:An instructive tale of science keyw.rd development and adoption

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Geoscience Frontiers 2023年第5期14卷 396-401页

作者： Mark A.parsons Ruth Duerr Øystein Godøy University of Alabama in Huntsville AlabamaUSA Ronin Institute BroomfieldCOUSA Norw.gian Meteorological Institute OsloNorway

In 1987,NASA sponsored an international w.rkshop that inspired the Directory Interchange Format or DIF–a metadata format to enable“catalog interoperability”.The DIF formed the basis of the International Directory Netw.rk(IDN)and the Global Change Master Directory(GCMD)and included a set of science *** primary intent w.s to catalog NASA Earth science and related data,but the keyw.rds have been implemented in many different systems and adopted in varying w.ys by many different organizations around the *** review.provides an ethnographic examination of how.the keyw.rds have evolved and been managed and how.they have been adopted over the last 35 *** illustrates how.semantic approaches have evolved over time and provides insights on how.standards and associated processes can be sustained and *** institutional commitment is essential,but so is transparency and technical *** and empow.ring the different roles involved in standards creation,maintenance,and use of standards as w.ll as the services that standards enable is also *** is apparent that semantic representations need to be mindful of different contexts and carefully define verbs as w.ll as nouns and *** and representing relationships is central to interdisciplinary interoperability.

关键词： Data management Standards Digital earth Semantic w.b Information science

Adding Value to Crop Production Systems by Integrating Forage Cover Crop Grazing

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2024年第3期15卷 180-192页

作者： Robert B. Mitchell Daren D. Redfearn Kenneth P. Vogel Terry J. Klopfenstein Galen Erickson P. Stephen Baenziger Bruce E. Anderson Mary E. Drew.oski Jay parsons Steven D. Masterson Marty R. Schmer Virginia L. Jin USDA-ARS Wheat Sorghum and Forage Research Unit University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA Department of Agronomy and Horticulture University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA Department of Animal Science University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA Department of Agricultural Economics University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA USDA-ARS Agroecosystem Management Research Unit University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE USA

In addition to their value as cereal grains, w.eat (Triticum aestivum L.) and triticale (× Triticosecale w.ttmack) are important cool-season annual forages and cover crops. Yearling steer (Bos taurus) performance w.s compared in the spring follow.ng autumn establishment as for age cover crops after soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] grain harvest. Replicated pastures (0.4 ha) w.re no-till seeded in three consecutive years into soybean stubble in autumn, fertilized, and grazed the follow.ng spring near Ithaca, NE, USA. Each pasture (n = 3) w.s continuously stocked in spring w.th four yearling steers (380 ± 38 kg) for 17, 32, and 28 d in 2005, 2006, and 2007, respectively. In 2005, average daily gain (ADG) for steers grazing triticale exceeded the ADG for w.eat by 0.31 kghd-1d-1. In 2006, w.eat ADG exceeded that for triticale by 0.12 kghd-1d-1. In 2007, steers grazing w.eat lost w.ight, w.ile steers grazing triticale gained 0.20 kghd-1d-1. Based on the 3-year average animal gains valued at $1.32 kg-1, mean net return ($ ha-1 yr-1) w.s $62.15 for triticale and $22.55 for w.eat. Since these grazed cover crops provide ecosystem services in addition to forage, grazing could be view.d as a mechanism for recovering costs and adds additional value to the system. Based on this 3-year grazing trial, triticale w.s superior to w.eat and likely w.ll provide the most stable beef yearling performance across years w.th variable w.ather for the w.stern Cornbelt USA.

关键词： Cover crops Soybean Triticale w.eat