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High-power free-running single-longitudinal-mode diamond Raman laser enabled by suppressing parasitic stimulated Brillouin scattering

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High power Laser Science and Engineering 2023年第6期11卷 71-76页

作者： Yuxuan Liu Chengjie Zhu Yuxiang Sun richard p.mildren Zhenxu Bai Baitao Zhang Weibiao Chen Dijun Chen Muye Li Xuezong Yang Yan Feng Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study University of Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhouChina Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina MQ photonics Research Centre School of Mathematical and Physical SciencesMacquarie UniversitySydneyAustralia Center for Advanced Laser Technology Hebei University of TechnologyTianjinChina State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials Shandong UniversityJinanChina

A continuous-wave(CW)single-longitudinal-mode(SLM)Raman laser at 1240 nm with power of up to 20.6 W was demonstrated in a free-running diamond Raman oscillator without any axial-mode selection *** SLM operation was achieved due to the spatial-hole-burning free nature of Raman gain and was maintained at the highest available pump power by suppressing the parasitic stimulated Brillouin scattering(SBS).A folded-cavity design was employed for reducing the perturbing effect of resonances at the pump *** a pump power of 69 W,the maximum Stokes output reached 20.6 W,corresponding to a 30%optical-to-optical conversion efficiency from 1064to 1240 *** result shows that parasitic SBS is the main physical process disturbing the SLM operation of Raman oscillator at higher *** addition,for the first time,the spectral linewidth of a CW SLM diamond Raman laser was resolved using the long-delayed self-heterodyne interferometric method,which is 105 kHz at 20 W.

关键词： delay self-heterodyning diamond Raman laser linewidth single-longitudinal mode stimulated Brillouin scattering

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布里渊激光器功率突破20 W

中国激光 2021年第21期48卷 188-189页

作者：白振旭金舵丁洁齐瑶瑶杨学宗 richard p.mildren 王雨雷吕志伟河北工业大学先进激光技术研究中心天津300401 河北省先进激光技术与装备重点实验室天津300401 麦考瑞大学物理与天文系光子研究中心悉尼2109 国科大杭州高等研究院浙江杭州310024

具有窄线宽的激光器在激光干涉引力波探测(LIGO)、精密激光光谱和微波光子学等领域有着重要的应用,尤其是高功率、低噪声、高光束质量的极窄线宽激光光源已成为前沿科学探索中的有力工具。但是自由振荡的激光器受到工作物质的固有增益... 详细信息

具有窄线宽的激光器在激光干涉引力波探测(LIGO)、精密激光光谱和微波光子学等领域有着重要的应用,尤其是高功率、低噪声、高光束质量的极窄线宽激光光源已成为前沿科学探索中的有力工具。但是自由振荡的激光器受到工作物质的固有增益线宽、谐振腔的相位噪声、机械振动、温度抖动等环境因素的制约,难以直接获得窄线宽激光输出。基于受激布里渊散射(SBS)效应的布里渊激光器,利用SBS光波场与声波场之间频率和动量固有的相位匹配引起的光谱窄化效应来获取极窄线宽、低噪声激光已经成为了重要的途径。

关键词：微波光子学激光器功率相位噪声谐振腔窄线宽布里渊相位匹配自由振荡

Unlocking hypoglycemia–associated brain microvascular dysfunction:critical insights from proteomic analysis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1707-1708页

作者： Siva S.V.p.Sakamuri Anil Sakamuri Department of Chemistry Auburn University at MontgomeryMontgomeryALUSA Vascular Biology Center and Department of Medicine Medical College of Georgia at Augusta UniversityAugustaGAUSA

Hypoglycemia-a critical complication linked to worsened brain function in diabetic subjects:Hypoglycemia is characterized by a decline in circulatory glucose levels below sta nda rd physiological *** hypoglycemia,classified as level 1 hypoglycemia,is defined by blood glucose levels below 70 mg/dL and can be effectively addressed through carbohydrate *** hypoglycemia,denoted by blood glucose levels less than 54 mg/dL,poses a life-threatening risk if left *** with type 1 and type 2 diabetes undergoing insulin treatment are particularly susceptible to hypoglycemia due to impaired counterregulatory mechanisms.

关键词： impaired intake critical

Small molecule inhibitor DDQ-treated hippocampal neuronal cells show improved neurite outgrowth and synaptic branching

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第9期20卷 2624-2632页

作者： Jangampalli Adi pradeepkiran priyanka Rawat Arubala p.Reddy Erika Orlov pHemachandra Reddy Department of Internal Medicine Texas Tech University Health Sciences CenterLubbockTXUSA Department of Nutritional Sciences College of Human SciencesTexas Tech UniversityLubbockTXUSA Department of pharmacology&Neuroscience Texas Tech University Health Sciences CenterLubbockTXUSA Department of Neurology Texas Tech University Health Sciences CenterLubbockTXUSA Department of Speech Language and Hearing SciencesTexas Tech University Health Sciences CenterLubbockTXUSA Department of public Health Texas Tech University Health Sciences CenterLubbockTXUSA

The process of neurite outgrowth and branching is a crucial aspect of neuronal development and *** and dendrites,sometimes referred to as neurites,are extensions of a neuron's cellular body that are used to start *** we explored the effects of diethyl(3,4-dihydroxyphenethylamino)(quinolin-4-yl)methylphosphonate(DDQ)on neurite developmental features in HT22 neuronal *** this work,we examined the protective effects of DDQ on neuronal processes and synaptic outgrowth in differentiated HT22cells expressing mutant Tau(mTau)*** investigate DDQ chara cteristics,cell viability,biochemical,molecular,western blotting,and immunocytochemistry were *** outgrowth is evaluated through the segmentation and measurement of neural *** neural processes can be seen and measured with a fluorescence microscope by manually tracing and measuring the length of the neurite *** neuronal processes can be observed and quantified with a fluorescent microscope by manually tracing and measuring the length of the neuronal ***-treated mTau-HT22 cells(HT22 cells transfected with cDNA mutant Tau)were seen to display increased levels of synaptophysin,MAp-2,andβ-***,we confirmed and noted reduced levels of both total and p-Tau,as well as elevated levels of microtubule-associated protein 2,β-tubulin,synaptophysin,vesicular acetylcholine transporter,and the mitochondrial biogenesis protein-pe roxisome prolife rator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator-1α.In mTa u-expressed HT22 neurons,we observed DDQ enhanced the neurite characteristics and improved neurite development through increased synaptic *** findings conclude that mTa u-HT22(Alzheimer's disease)cells treated with DDQ have functional neurite developmental chara *** key finding is that,in mTa u-HT22 cells,DDQ preserves neuronal structure and may even enhance nerve development function with mTa u inhibition.

关键词： diethyl(3 4-dihydroxyphenethylamino)(quinolin-4-yl)methylphosphonate(DDQ) hippocampal neuronal cells HT22 neurite outgrowth neuronal development small molecule

A Method of Characterizing Radio Signal Space for Wireless Device Localization

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2015年第4期20卷 385-408页

作者： John-Austen Francisco richard p.Martin Department of Computer Science Rutgers University

In this work we present a novel approach for describing radio signal spaces for localization algorithms. We first introduce a new metric, the Discretely Distributed Log-H61der Metric （DDLHM）. The DDLHM is designed to characterize the type and degree of signal distortion relative to Iognormal signal-to-distance path models. We first show how the DDLHM can describe and discriminate distortions in an exhaustive set of synthetic signal spaces. We then determine a reduced set of maximally diagnostic distortion parameters. Using only 4% of the maximal set of DDLHMs, we found the reduced set matches with an acceptable degree of error 95% of the time. Using the synthetic reduced set, we characterized a variety of wireless localization algorithms＇ behaviors to attenuation, bias, and multipath. We found algorithms made much different tradeoffs between best case and average case error. We then use the DDLHM to identify distortion types in three different physical environments using measured 802.11 signal strengths, and predict the positioning performance of several localization algorithms. Our approach predicts average localization error to within 2 meters of the observed average error.

关键词： radio propgation 802.11 WiFi

TLR signaling that induces weak inflammatory response and SHIp1 enhances osteogenic functions

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Bone Research 2014年第4期2卷 218-230页

作者： Manoj Muthukuru richard p Darveau West Virginia University Department of PeriodonticsSchool of DentistryMorgantownWVUSA University of Washington Department of PeriodonticsSchool of DentistrySeattleWAUSA

Toll-like receptor （TLR）-mediated inflammatory response could negatively affect bone metabolism. In this study, we determined how osteogenesis is regulated during inflammatory responses that are downstream of TLR signaling. Human primary osteoblasts were cultured in collagen gels. pam3CSK4 （p3C） and Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide （EcLpS） were used as TLR2 and TLR4 ligand respectively. porphyromonas gingivalis LpS having TLR2 activity with either TLR4 agonism （pg1690） or TLR4 antagonism （pg1449） and mutant E. coli LpS （LpxE/LpxF/WSK） were used. IL-lp, SH2-containing inositol phosphatase-1 （SHIp1） that has regulatory roles in osteogenesis, alkaline phosphatase and mineralization were analyzed. 3α-Aminocholestane （3AC） was used to inhibit SHIp1. Our results suggest that osteoblasts stimulated by p3C, poorly induced IL-1β but strongly upregulated SHIp1 and enhanced osteogenic mediators. On the contrary, EcLpS significantly induced IL-1β and osteogenic mediators were not induced. While pg1690 downmodulated osteogenic mediators, pg1449 enhanced osteogenic responses, suggesting that TLR4 signaling annuls osteogenesis even with TLR2 activity. Interestingly, mutant E. coli LpS that induces weak inflammation upregulated osteogenesis, but SHIp1 was not induced. Moreover, inhibiting SHIp1 significantly upregulated TLR2-mediated inflammatory response and downmodulated osteogenesis. In conclusion, these results suggest that induction of weak inflammatory response through TLR2 （with SHIp1 activity） and mutant TLR4 ligands could enhance osteogenesis.

关键词： TLR signaling that induces weak inflammatory response and SHIp1 enhances osteogenic functions SHIp Figure

From single to combinatorial therapies in spinal cord injuries for structural and functional restoration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 660-670页

作者： Ernesto Doncel-pérez Gabriel Guízar-Sahagún Israel Grijalva-Otero Hospital Nacional de parapléjicos de Toledo Servicio de Salud de Castilla La Mancha(SESCAM)ToledoSpain Medical Research Unit for Neurological Diseases UMAE Hospital de EspecialidadesCentro Médico Nacional Siglo XXIIMSSCiudad de MéxicoMéxico

Spinal cord injury results in paralysis, sensory disturbances, sphincter dysfunction, and multiple systemic secondary conditions, most arising from autonomic dysregulation. All this produces profound negative psychosocial implications for affected people, their families, and their communities;the financial costs can be challenging for their families and health institutions. Treatments aimed at restoring the spinal cord after spinal cord injury, which have been tested in animal models or clinical trials, generally seek to counteract one or more of the secondary mechanisms of injury to limit the extent of the initial damage. Most published works on structural/functional restoration in acute and chronic spinal cord injury stages use a single type of treatment: a drug or trophic factor, transplant of a cell type, and implantation of a biomaterial. Despite the significant benefits reported in animal models, when translating these successful therapeutic strategies to humans, the result in clinical trials has been considered of little relevance because the improvement, when present, is usually insufficient. Until now, most studies designed to promote neuroprotection or regeneration at different stages after spinal cord injury have used single treatments. Considering the occurrence of various secondary mechanisms of injury in the acute and sub-acute phases of spinal cord injury, it is reasonable to speculate that more than one therapeutic agent could be required to promote structural and functional restoration of the damaged spinal cord. Treatments that combine several therapeutic agents, targeting different mechanisms of injury, which, when used as a single therapy, have shown some benefits, allow us to assume that they will have synergistic beneficial effects. Thus, this narrative review article aims to summarize current trends in the use of strategies that combine therapeutic agents administered simultaneously or sequentially, seeking structural and functional restoratio

关键词： neural regeneration neuroprotection spinal cord injury repair spinal cord injury treatments structural restoration of spinal cord injury

Spastin and alsin protein interactome analyses begin to reveal key canonical pathways and suggest novel druggable targets

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 725-739页

作者： Benjamin R.Helmold Angela Ahrens Zachary Fitzgerald p.Hande Ozdinler Department of Neurology Feinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoILUSA Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery Center for Developmental TherapeuticsChemistry of Life Processes InstituteNorthwestern UniversityEvanstonILUSA Mesulam Center for Cognitive Neurology and Alzheimer’s Disease Feinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicagoILUSA Feinberg School of Medicine Les Turner ALS Center at Northwestern UniversityChicagoILUSA

Developing effective and long-term treatment strategies for rare and complex neurodegenerative diseases is challenging. One of the major roadblocks is the extensive heterogeneity among patients. This hinders understanding the underlying disease-causing mechanisms and building solutions that have implications for a broad spectrum of patients. One potential solution is to develop personalized medicine approaches based on strategies that target the most prevalent cellular events that are perturbed in patients. Especially in patients with a known genetic mutation, it may be possible to understand how these mutations contribute to problems that lead to neurodegeneration. protein–protein interaction analyses offer great advantages for revealing how proteins interact, which cellular events are primarily involved in these interactions, and how they become affected when key genes are mutated in patients. This line of investigation also suggests novel druggable targets for patients with different mutations. Here, we focus on alsin and spastin, two proteins that are identified as “causative” for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and hereditary spastic paraplegia, respectively, when mutated. Our review analyzes the protein interactome for alsin and spastin, the canonical pathways that are primarily important for each protein domain, as well as compounds that are either Food and Drug Administration–approved or are in active clinical trials concerning the affected cellular pathways. This line of research begins to pave the way for personalized medicine approaches that are desperately needed for rare neurodegenerative diseases that are complex and heterogeneous.

关键词： ALS2 alsin amyotrophic lateral sclerosis hereditary spastic paraplegia neurodegenerative diseases personalized medicine precision medicine protein interactome protein-protein interactions SpAST spastin

Trees of panama: A complete checklist with every geographic range

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Forest Ecosystems 2020年第3期7卷 526-538页

作者： richard Condit Salomón Aguilar Rolando pérez Morton Arboretum 4100 Illinois Rte.53Lisle60532ILUSA Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Panama CityPanama

Background Central America is one of the most diverse floristic provinces in the world,but comprehensive plant lists for the region are incomplete and need frequent *** geographic ranges of individual species are seldom *** detailed forest inventory plots of panama thus lack a global geographic *** order to provide one,we assembled a thoroughly vetted checklist of all tree species of panama,along with an estimate of each one’s range size based on published specimen *** 1)panama has 3043 tree species in 141 families and 752 genera;57.6%were≥10 m tall and 16.9%were 3-5 m tall.2)The widest ranges were>1.5×107 km2,covering the entire neotropics and reaching>30∘latitude;12.4%of the species had ranges exceeding 107 *** median range was 6.9×105 km2.3)At the other extreme,16.2%of the species had a rangepecies’height and varied significantly among families.5)Tree census plots,where we mapped and measured all individuals,captured 27.5%of the tree species,but a biased selection relative to range size;only 4.5%of the species in plots had rangespanama,based on rigorous criteria aimed at matching plot censuses,is 20%larger than *** recording species’maximum heights,we allow comparisons with other regions based on matching definitions,and the range sizes provide a quantitative basis for assessing extinction *** next goal is to merge population density from plot censuses to add rigor to predictions of extinction risk of poorly-studied tropical tree species.

关键词： red Trees of panama A complete checklist with every geographic range