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Genetics of seed flavonoid content and antioxidant activity in cowpea(Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.)

The Crop Journal 2016年第5期4卷 391-397页

作者： Maina Antoine Nassourou Yanou Nicolas Njintang Tchiagam Jean-Baptiste Noubissié richard marcel nguimbou Joseph Martin Bell Department of Biological Sciences Faculty of Science University of Ngaoundéré Department of Food Science and Nutrition ENSAI University of Ngaoundéré Genetics and Plant Breeding Unit Department of Plant Biology Faculty of Science University of Yaoundé I

Information about the type of gene action governing the inheritance of cowpea seed flavonoid content and antioxidant activity is prerequisite for starting an effective breeding program for developing improved varieties. For this purpose, half-diallel crosses among seven diverse parents were made. The homozygous parents and 21 F1 hybrids were evaluated at Maroua in the Sudano-Sahelian zone of Cameroon using a randomized complete block design with three replicates. Flour samples produced from decorticated seeds were used for biochemical analysis. Analysis of variance showed significant differences(P < 0.001) among genotypes for the studied traits with ranges of 363.6–453.9 mg rutin equivalent per 100 g dry weight(DW) for total flavonoids, 13.38–30.73 mg ascorbic acid equivalent per 1 g DW for ferric iron reducing activity, 70.98–266.93 mg trolox equivalent per 100 g DW for 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) free radical scavenging activity, and 90.93–370.62 mg trolox equivalent per 100 g DW for 2,2′-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)(ABTS) free radical scavenging activity. Both additive and non-additive gene effects were significant in the genetic control of these traits, but dominance variance was greater than additive variance. The traits were mainly controlled by overdominance model suggesting a selection in the delayed ***- and narrow-sense heritability estimates varied from 0.90 to 0.99 and from 0.12 to 0.45,respectively. The variances due to both general and specific combining ability were highly significant for all studied traits. Recessive alleles had positive effects on DPPH and ABTS scavenging activities, whereas dominant alleles had positive effects on flavonoid content and ferric iron reducing activity. These results could help cowpea breeders to improve the antioxidant potential of cowpea seeds by appropriate selection.

关键词： Cowpea Genetic improvement Diallel analysis Antioxidant properties

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Particle Size Effects on Antioxydant and Hepatoprotective Potential of Essential Oil from Eucalyptus camaldulensis Leaves against Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2022年第8期13卷 253-272页

作者： Venant Donald Noumi Markusse Deli richard marcel nguimbou Elie Baudelaire Sandrine Rup-Jacques Dicko Amadou Selestin Sokeng Nicolas Yanou Njintang Department of Biological Sciences Faculty of Sciences University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon Department of Biological Sciences Faculty of Sciences University of Maroua Maroua Cameroon Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition ENSAI University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon AGRITECH Nancy France Université de Lorraine ICPM Metz Cedex France Université de Lorraine UR-AFPA Metz Cedex France

Particle size fractionation by sieving is used to optimize antioxydant potential of natural substances. The aim of the present study was to evaluate particle size effects on antioxidant and hepatoprotective potential of Eucalyptus camaldulensis essential oils (EO) on CCl4-induced hepatic damage in Wistar rats. Animals were daily orally treated with the EOs extracted by hydrodistillation from powder sieved at four particle sizes (≥355, 200 - 355, 100 - 200, ≤100 μm) and those of the unsieved powder at dose of 50 mg/Kg for 7 days. Compounds that are evaluated for these activities are hydrocarbons and oxygenated terpenes that were identified and quantified by GC/MS. Activities of enzymes markers of hepatocellular damage in serum and antioxidant enzymes in the liver homogenates were measured. In this research, EOs significantly prevented the increase in serum ALT and AST (p 4 and significant increase level of plasma HDL-cholesterol. Also, significantly (p < 0.05) decreased the extent of malondialdehyde (MDA) formation and elevated the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) liver in comparison to negative control group. The best antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities were those of EOs from two fine powder fractions (≤100 μm and 100 - 200 μm) was correlated to their high concentration in oxygenated terpenes (70.9% and 46.4%, respectively), when compared to the large particles (200 - 355 μm and ≥355 μm, with 33.3% and 41.8%, respectively) and unsieved powder (37.4%).

关键词： Eucalyptus camaldulensis Powder Particle Size Essential Oils Hepatoprotection Oxidative Stress

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Phytochemical Profile and In VitroAntioxidant Properties of Essential Oils from Powder Fractions of Eucalyptus camaldulensisLeaves

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2021年第3期12卷 329-346页

作者： Venant Donald Noumi richard marcel nguimbou Marthe Valentine Tsague Markusse Deli Sandrine Rup-Jacques Dicko Amadou Elie Njantou Baudelaire Selestin Sokeng Nicolas Yanou Njintang Department of Biological Sciences Faculty of Sciences University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition ENSAI University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon Department of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Sciences University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon Université de Lorraine ICPM Metz France Université de Lorraine UR-AFPA Metz France

Dried leaves of Eucalyptus camaldulensis were finely grinded and fractionated by sieving into four granulometric classes (355 μm). The obtained powder fractions were used for essential oil (EO) extraction by hydrodistillation and their phytochemical profile and in vitro antioxidant activities were evaluated. The mother powder (unsieved powder) was used for comparison. Particle size exerted a significant influence (p in vitro antioxidant properties of the EOs. Comparatively, the mother powder had the highest contents of α-pinene (55.6%), camphene (3.4%) and limonene (3.7%), while 1,8-cineole (26.6% and 22.4%), exo-fenchol (5.6% and 3.5%), α-campholenol (4.2% and 3.4%), L-trans-pinocarveol (5.5% and 2.7%), L-borneol (12.6% and 6.8%) and α-terpineol (16.4% and 7.6%) are the main compounds of EOs from the <100 μm and 100 - 200 μm fractions, respectively. The antioxidant activities of the EOs revealed higher radical-scavenging activities DPPH (90.62% and 7

关键词： Eucalyptus camaldulensis Powder Fraction Essential Oil Chemical Composition Antioxidant Activity

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Sustainable land management in Mali

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Geography and Sustainability 2024年第3期5卷 382-391页

作者： Karim Nchare marcel Vitouley richard Mbih Vanderbilt University USA African School of Economics Benin Pennsylvania State University USA

This study uses logistic and Poisson regression models to examine the factors influencing the adoption of sustain-able land management(SLM)practices in Mali using two rounds of the nationally representative survey Enquête Agricole de Conjoncture Intégrée aux Conditions de Vie des Mé*** SLMs considered include the applica-tion of organic fertilizers,the application of inorganic fertilizers,the use of improved seeds,and the practice of *** average the application of organic fertilizers(39.2%),and inorganic fertilizers(28.7%)are the most frequent SLM practices among Malian farmers,and between 2014 and 2017,we observe a decline in the practice of *** regression results show that farmers’adoption of different SLMs is significantly associated with biophysical factors(average temperature,climate type,plot size,plot shape,and location),de-mographic factors(age,gender,education,household size),and socioeconomic factors(number of cultivated plots,livelihood diversification,type of crop grown,market access,credit access,economic shocks,and social capital).Our findings suggest that policymakers and agricultural development agencies in Mali need to adopt a multidimensional policy framework to unlock the untapped potential of SLM practices in promoting sustainable agriculture and food security.

关键词： Sustainable land management Africa Logistic regression models Poisson regression model

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Fire and retention island remnants have similar deadwood carbon stock a decade after disturbances in boreal forests of Alberta

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第5期11卷 677-684页

作者： richard Osei Lance P.Moore Rosanise A.Odell marcel Schneider Tanvir Ahmed Shovon Charles A.Nock Department of Renewable Resources University of AlbertaEdmontonCanada Institut des Sciences de La Foret Temperee Universite Du Quebec en Outaouais58 Rue PrincipaleRiponJ0V 1V0QCCanada

In an attempt to reconcile wood extraction and forest biodiversity in managed boreal forests,ecosystem-based forest management(EBM)has become the de facto management *** forestry represents one prominent way that EBM is implemented in many parts of the *** patches commonly left after harvesting serve as analogues of fire island remnants,which are patches of unburned forests in the burned forest *** the persistence of retention patches has been questioned,few studies have attempted to quantitatively compare forest attributes in both burned and harvested *** part of a larger program examining multiple aspects of ecosystem function in fire and harvest island remnants,we investigated the impact of disturbance type(fire/harvest)and forest edges on C stock in snags and coarse woody debris(CWD)found in island remnants in mixedwood boreal forests of Alberta,*** C stock(in snags and CWD)was similar between the two disturbance types and edge plots had similar total deadwood C stocks to *** edges of island remnants had about two-fold more snag C stock than their interiors in both disturbance types,but C stock in CWD was unaffected by edge effects and disturbance *** results suggest that deadwood C dynamics in island remnants in fire and harvest disturbed boreal forests were similar,thus lending support for the continued implementation of retention forestry in Alberta.

关键词： Retention forestry Deadwood Ecosystem-based management Wildfires Boreal forest

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Call for emergency action to limit global temperature increases,restore biodiversity and protect health

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2021年第3期6卷 321-323页

作者： Lukoye Atwoli Abdullah H Baqui Thomas Benfield Raffaella Bosurgi Fiona Godlee Stephen Hancocks richard Horton Laurie Laybourn-Langton Carlos Augusto Monteiro Ian Norman Kirsten Patrick Nigel Praities marcel GM Olde Rikkert Eric J Rubin Peush Sahni richard Smith Nicholas J Talley Sue Turale Damián Vázquez East African Medical Journal NairobiKenya Journal of Health Population and NutritionBaltimoreMarylandUSA Danish Medical Journal CopenhagenDenmark PLOS Medicine CambridgeUK The BMJ LondonUK British Dental Journal LondonUK The Lancet LondonUK UK Health Alliance on Climate Change LondonUK Revista de Saúde Pública S鉶PauloBrazil International Journal of Nursing Studies LondonUK CMAJ OttawaOntarioCanada Pharmaceutical Journal LondonUK Dutch Journal of Medicine NijmegenThe Netherlands NEJM BostonMassachusettsUSA National Medical Journal of India New DelhiIndia Medical Journal of Australia NewcastleNew South WalesAustralia International Nursing Review GenevaSwitzerland Pan American Journal of Public Health WashingtonDCUSA

Wealthy nations must do much more,much *** United Nations General Assembly in September 2021 will bring countries together at a critical time for marshalling collective action to tackle the global environmental *** will meet again at the biodiversity summit in Kunming,China,and the climate conference(Conference of the Parties(COP)26)in Glasgow,*** of these pivotal meetings,we-the editors of health journals worldwide-call for urgent action to keep average global temperature increases below 1.5℃,halt the destruction of nature and protect health.

关键词： action collective faster

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Call for emergency action to limit global temperature increases, restore biodiversity and protect health

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General Psychiatry 2021年第5期34卷 53-55页

作者： Lukoye Atwoli Abdullah H Baqui Thomas Benfield Raffaella Bosurgi Fiona Godlee Stephen Hancocks richard Horton Laurie Laybourn-Langton Carlos Augusto Monteiro Ian Norman Kirsten Patrick Nigel Praities marcel GM Olde Rikkert Eric J Rubin Peush Sahni richard Smith Nicholas J Talley Sue Turale Damián Vázquez East African Medical Journal NairobiKenya Journal of Health Population and NutritionBaltimoreMarylandUSA Danish Medical Journal CopenhagenDenmark PLOS Medicine CambridgeUK The BMJ LondonUK British Dental Journal LondonUK The Lancet LondonUK UK Health Alliance on Climate Change LondonUK Revista de Saúde Pública São PauloBrazil International Journal of Nursing Studies LondonUK CMAJ OttawaOntarioCanada Pharmaceutical Journal LondonUK Dutch Journal of Medicine NijmegenThe Netherlands NEJM BostonMassachusettsUSA National Medical Journal of India New DelhiIndia Medical Journal of Australia NewcastleNew South WalesAustralia International Nursing Review GenevaSwitzerland Pan American Journal of Public Health WashingtonDCUSA

Wealthy nations must do much more,much *** United Nations General Assembly in September 2021 will bring countries together at a critical time for marshalling collective action to tackle the global environmental *** will meet again at the biodiversity summit in Kunming,China,and the climate conference(Conference of the Parties(COP)26)in Glasgow,*** of these pivotal meetings,we-the editors of health journals worldwide-call for urgent action to keep average global temperature increases below 1.5°C,halt the destruction of nature and protect health.

关键词： action collective faster

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Back Surface Recombination Velocity Modeling in White Biased Silicon Solar Cell under Steady State

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Journal of Modern Physics 2018年第2期9卷 189-201页

作者： Ousmane Diasse Amadou Diao Mamadou Wade marcel Sitor Diouf Ibrahima Diatta richard Mane Youssou Traore Gregoire Sissoko Laboratory of Semiconductors and Solar Energy Physics Department Faculty of Science and Technology University Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Senegal Laboratory of Sciences and Techniques of Water and Environment Polytechnic School of Thiès Thiès Senegal

In this paper, we extend the concept of back surface recombination through a study of a silicon mono facial solar cell in static regime and under polychromatic illumination. Back surface recombination velocities noted Sbe, Sbj and Sbr are determined for which respectively we derived, the power, the fill factor and the conversion efficiency, that become constant whatever the thickness of the solar cell. We have then obtained the expression of the minority carrier’s density in the base from the continuity equation. We then have determined the photocurrent density, the photo voltage, the power, the fill factor and finally the conversion efficiency.

关键词： Silicon Solar Cell Surface Recombination Velocity Thickness

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Call for emergency action to limit global temperature increases, restore biodiversity and protect health

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World Journal of Pediatric Surgery 2021年第4期4卷 60-62页

作者： Lukoye Atwoli Abdullah H Baqui Thomas Benfield Raffaella Bosurgi Fiona Godlee Stephen Hancocks richard Horton Laurie Laybourn-Langton Carlos Augusto Monteiro Ian Norman Kirsten Patrick Nigel Praities marcel GM Olde Rikkert Eric J Rubin Peush Sahni richard Smith Nicholas J Talley Sue Turale Damián Vázquez East African Medical Journal NairobiKenya Journal of Health Population and NutritionBaltimoreMarylandUSA Danish Medical Journal CopenhagenDenmark PLOS Medicine CambridgeUK The BMJ LondonUK British Dental Journal LondonUK The Lancet LondonUK UK Health Alliance on Climate Change LondonUK Revista de Saúde Pública São PauloBrazil International Journal of Nursing Studies LondonUK CMAJ OttawaOntarioCanada Pharmaceutical Journal LondonUK Dutch Journal of Medicine NijmegenThe Netherlands NEJM BostonMassachusettsUSA National Medical Journal of India New DelhiIndia Medical Journal of Australia NewcastleNew South WalesAustralia International Nursing Review GenevaSwitzerland Pan American Journal of Public Health WashingtonDCUSA

关键词： action collective faster

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Minority Carrier Diffusion Coefficient D*(B,T): Study in Temperature on a Silicon Solar Cell under Magnetic Field

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Energy and Power Engineering 2017年第1期9卷 1-10页

作者： richard Mane Ibrahima Ly Mamadou Wade Ibrahima Datta marcel S. Douf Youssou Traore Mor Ndiaye Seni Tamba Grégoire Sissoko Laboratoire des Semi-conducteurs et d’Energie Solaire Facult&eacute des Sciences et Techniques Universit&eacute Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar S&eacute né gal Ecole Polytechnique de Thiè s Thi&egrave s S&eacute né gal

This work deals with minority carrier diffusion coefficient study in silicon solar cell, under both temperature and applied magnetic field. New expressions of diffusion coefficient are pointed out, which gives attention to thermal behavior of minority carrier that is better understood with Umklapp process. This study allowed to determine an optimum temperature which led to maximum diffusion coefficient value while magnetic field remained constant.

关键词： Solar cell Diffusion Coefficient Temperature Magnetic Field

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