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Cryo-EM structure of the plant 26S proteasome

Plant Communications 2022年第3期3卷 116-126页

作者： Susanne Kandolf Irina Grishkovskaya Katarina Belacic Derek L.Bolhuis Sascha Amann Brent Foster richard imre Karl Mechtler Alexander Schleiffer Hemant D.Tagare Ellen D.Zhong Anton Meinhart Nicholas G.Brown David Haselbach Research Institute of Molecular Pathology(IMP) Vienna BioCenter(VBC)Campus-Vienna-BioCenter 11030 ViennaAustria Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging Yale UniversityNew HavenCT 06510USA Department of Pharmacology and Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center University of North Carolina School of MedicineChapel HillNC 27599USA Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02139USA Vienna BioCenter PhD Program Doctoral School of the University at Vienna and Medical University of ViennaVienna BioCenter(VBC)ViennaAustria Institute of Physical Chemistry University of FreiburgAlbertstraße 21Freiburg 79104Germany CIBSS Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies University of FreiburgFreiburgGermany

Targeted proteolysis is a hallmark of *** is especially important in long-lived cells that can be found in higher eukaryotes,like *** task is mainly fulfilled by the ubiquitin–proteasome ***,proteolysis by the 26S proteasome is vital to development,immunity,and cell *** the yeast and animal proteasomes are well characterized,there is only limited information on the plant *** determined the first plant 26S proteasome structure from Spinacia oleracea by single-particle electron cryogenic microscopy at an overall resolution of 3.3 A°.We found an almost identical overall architecture of the spinach proteasome compared with the known structures from mammals and ***,we noticed a structural difference in the proteolytic active b1 ***,we uncovered an unseen compression state by characterizing the proteasome’s conformational *** suspect that this new conformation of the 20S core protease,in correlation with a partial opening of the unoccupied gate,may contribute to peptide release after *** data provide a structural basis for the plant proteasome,which is crucial for further studies.

关键词： 26S proteasome spinach UPS cryo-EM conformational landscape

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Characteristic Features of Lapis Lazuli from Different Provenances, Revised by μXRF, ESEM, PGAA and PIXE

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Journal of Geological Resource and Engineering 2019年第2期7卷 57-69页

作者： Renate Noler Ines Feldmann Zsolt Kasztovszky Zoltan Szokefalvi-Nagy imre Kovacs BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing 4.5 Analysis of Artefacts and Cultural Assets Unter den Eichen 44-46 12203 Berlin Germany BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing 4.2 Materials and Air Pollutants Richard-Willst鋞ter Str.11 12489 Berlin Germany Centre for Energy Research Hungarian Academy of Sciences H-1121 Konkoly-Thege Str. 29-33 Budapest Hungary Wigner Research Centre for Physics Hungarian Academy of Sciences H-1121 Konkoly-Thege Str. 29-33 Budapest Hungary

The objective of this study is to find out, to what extent the geochemical characteristics of lapis lazuli can be utilized in respect to its provenance. A wide range of variables is taken into consideration depending on the quantity of samples analysed from a specific geological region and the methods applied. In order to provide evidence, a multi-technique analytical approach using μXRF, ESEM, PGAA and PIXE is applied to samples from the most famous deposits of lapis lazuli. Special elements determined as fingerprints are compared in relation to the forming conditions obvious in textural features. The results and statistical output allow a differentiation that enables an optimized local classification of the blue stone. An absolute requirement for all geo-tracing performed on blue colored cultural objects of unknown provenance is awareness of the limits of analysis. The possible sources of lapis lazuli are tested by analysing the blue pigment used as paint on murals and ink on manuscripts from the Silk Road.

关键词： Lapis lazuli micro-XRF ESEM PGAA PIXE pigment analyses provenance studies

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