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Comparative analyses of mitogenomes in the social bees with insights into evolution of long inverted repeats in the Meliponini

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Zoological Research 2024年第1期45卷 160-175页

作者： Yu-Ran Li Zheng-Wei Wang richard T.corlett Wen-Bin Yu Yunnan Key Laboratory for the Conservation of Tropical Rainforests and Asian Elephants&Center for Integrative Conservation Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesMenglaYunnan 666303China CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesMenglaYunnan 666303China Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesMenglaYunnan 666303China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Shijingshan DistrictBeijing 100049China

The insect mitogenome is typically a compact circular molecule with highly conserved gene ***,mitogenome structural variations have been reported in specific taxa,and gene rearrangements,usually the tRNAs,occur in different *** synapomorphies of mitogenome organizations can provide information for phylogenetic inferences,comparative analyses of mitogenomes have been given increasing ***,most studies use a very few species to represent the whole genus,tribe,family,or even order,overlooking potential variations at lower taxonomic levels,which might lead to some incorrect *** provide new insights into mitogenome organizations and their implications for phylogenetic inference,this study conducted comparative analyses for mitogenomes of three social bee tribes(Meliponini,Bombini,and Apini)based on the phylogenetic framework with denser taxonomic sampling at the species and population *** analyses revealed that mitogenomes of Apini and Bombini are the typical type,while those of Meliponini show diverse variations in mitogenome sizes and *** inverted repeats(IRs)cause significant gene rearrangements of protein coding genes(PCGs)and rRNAs in Indo-Malay/Australian stingless bee *** evolution analyses showed that the lineage with IRs have lower dN/dS ratios for PCGs than lineages without IRs,indicating potential effects of IRs on the evolution of mitochondrial *** finding of IRs and different patterns of gene rearrangements suggested that Meliponini is a hotspot in mitogenome *** conserved PCGs and rRNAs whose rearrangements were found only in the mentioned lineages within Meliponini,tRNA rearrangements are common across all three tribes of social bees,and are significant even at the species level,indicating that comprehensive sampling is needed to fully understand the patterns of tRNA rearrangements,and their implications for phylogenetic inference.

关键词： Social bees Phylogeny Mitogenome structure Gene rearrangement Inverted repeats

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Safeguarding our future by protecting biodiversity

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Plant Diversity 2020年第4期42卷 221-228页

作者： richard T.corlett Center for Integrative Conservation Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesMenglaYunnan666303China Center of Conservation Biology Core Botanical GardensChinese Academy of SciencesMenglaYunnan666303China

The Anthropocene is marked by twin crises:climate change and biodiversity *** change has tended to dominate the headlines,reflecting,in part,the greater complexity of the biodiversity *** itself is a difficult *** plants dominate the global biomass and terrestrial arthropods probably dominate in terms of numbers of species,but most of the Tree of Life consists of single-celled eukaryotes,bacteria,and *** plants provide a huge variety of products and services to people,ranging from those that are species-specific,such as food,medicine,and genetic resources,to many which are partly interchangeable,such as timber and forage for domestic animals,and others which depend on the whole community,but not on individual species,such as regulation of water supply and carbon *** use of information from remote sensing has encouraged a simplified view of the values of nature's contributions to people,but this does not match the way most people value *** can currently estimate the proportion of species threatened by human impacts only for a few well-assessed groups,for which it ranges from 14%(birds)to 63%(cycads).Less than 8%of land plants have been assessed,but it has been estimated that 30e44%are threatened,although there are still few(0.2%)well-documented *** for improving protection of biodiversity include:improving the inventory,with surveys focused on geographical areas and taxonomic groups which are under-collected;expanding the protected area system and its representativeness;controlling overexploitation;managing invasive species;conserving threatened species ex situ;restoring degraded ecosystems;and controlling climate *** Convention on Biological Diversity(CBD)COP15 and the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change(UNFCCC)COP26 meetings,both postponed to 2021,will provide an opportunity to address both crises,but success will require high ambition from all participants.

关键词： Anthropocene Climate change Conservation Ecosystem services Values

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Seed dispersal in Hong Kong,China:past,present and possible futures

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Integrative Zoology 2011年第2期6卷 97-109页

作者： richard T.corlett Department of Biological Sciences National University of SingaporeSingapore

In the present article,published and unpublished information regarding seed dispersal in the degraded landscape of Hong Kong,China,is *** was available for 1681 native plant species,of which 1165 were assigned to probable seed dispersal *** accounted for one-third(34.4%)of all species evaluated,half(54.4%)of those from forests,and more than two-thirds(69.2%)of all trees and tall *** dispersal(25.9%)and dispersal by an unknown agent(30.7%)accounted for most of the rest,with the unknown species mostly small-seeded *** the frugivore fauna of the Hong Kong region has been truncated since the late Pleistocene,there are few clear examples of failed *** most striking is the absence of scatter-hoarding rodents from Hong Kong,despite the presence of forest trees that appear to require them for effective *** are also some large Lauraceae fruits that appear to be targeted at larger-gaped birds than currently *** endozoochorous species are dispersed by 3 small passerine birds(Pycnonotus jocosus,***,and Zosterops japonicus),with larger birds,fruit bats(Cynopterus sphinx,Rousettus leschenaulti),rhesus macaques(Macaca mulatta),civets(Paguma larvata,Viverricula indica),and muntjacs(Muntiacus muntjac)accounting for the *** low plant diversity in frugivore droppings,seed traps,and secondary vegetation suggests plant succession may be dispersal limited,although this has not been investigated *** underdispersed species is the simplest solution but,in the longer term,the(re)introduction of a scatter-hoarding rodent should be considered as well as that of other locally and regionally extinct frugivores.

关键词： China extinctions frugivory reintroduction seed dispersal

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Comparative analyses of mitogenomes in the social bees with insights into evolution of long inverted repeats in the Meliponini

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动物学研究 2024年第1期

作者： Yu-Ran Li Zheng-Wei Wang richard T.corlett Wen-Bin Yu

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Decoding the evolution and transmissions of the novel pneumonia coronavirus(SARS-CoV-2/HCoV-19)using whole genomic data

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Zoological Research 2020年第3期41卷 247-257页

作者： Wen-Bin Yu Guang-Da Tang Li Zhang richard T.corlett Center for Integrative Conservation Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesMenglaYunnan 666303China Center of Conservation Biology Core Botanical GardensChinese Academy of SciencesMenglaYunnan 666303China Henry Fok College of Biology and Agriculture Shaoguan UniversityShaoguanGuangdong 512005China College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510642China Chinese Institute for Brain Research Beijing 102206China

The outbreak of COVID-19 started in mid-December2019 in Wuhan, China. Up to 29 February 2020,SARS-CoV-2(HCoV-19/2019-nCoV) had infected more than 85 000 people in the world. In this study,we used 93 complete genomes of SARS-CoV-2 from the GISAID EpiFlu TM database to investigate the evolution and human-to-human transmissions of SARS-CoV-2 in the first two months of the *** constructed haplotypes of the SARS-CoV-2 genomes, performed phylogenomic analyses and estimated the potential population size changes of the virus. The date of population expansion was calculated based on the expansion parameter tau(τ)using the formula t=τ/2 u. A total of 120 substitution sites with 119 codons, including 79 non-synonymous and 40 synonymous substitutions, were found in eight coding-regions in the SARS-CoV-2 *** non-synonymous substitutions are potentially associated with virus adaptation. No combinations were detected. The 58 haplotypes(31 found in samples from China and 31 from outside China)were identified in 93 viral genomes under study and could be classified into five groups. By applying the reported bat coronavirus genome(bat-RaTG13-CoV)as the outgroup, we found that haplotypes H13 and H38 might be considered as ancestral haplotypes,and later H1 was derived from the intermediate haplotype H3. The population size of the SARS-CoV-2 was estimated to have undergone a recent expansion on 06 January 2020, and an early expansion on 08 December 2019. Furthermore,phyloepidemiologic approaches have recovered specific directions of human-to-human transmissions and the potential sources for international infected cases.

关键词： COVID-19 HCoV-19 SARS-CoV-2 Novel pneumonia outbreak Human-to-human transmission Phyloepidemiology

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生物多样性和生态系统服务：实现东亚热带和亚热带的生态安全

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生物多样性 2018年第7期26卷 766-774页

作者： richard corlett 中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园综合保护中心云南勐腊666303

东亚热带和亚热带地区拥有全球陆地生物多样性的15–25%,然而该区域大部分地区的生物多样性因经济的快速发展而面临威胁。实现与生物多样性保护相适应的经济发展需要对自然为人类、社会以及经济提供的惠益进行正确的理解和评价。这些惠... 详细信息

东亚热带和亚热带地区拥有全球陆地生物多样性的15–25%,然而该区域大部分地区的生物多样性因经济的快速发展而面临威胁。实现与生物多样性保护相适应的经济发展需要对自然为人类、社会以及经济提供的惠益进行正确的理解和评价。这些惠益也被称为生态系统服务,且可以多种方式进行分类。大多数生态系统服务的产生依赖于野生物种和生态系统,尽管其质量和数量与野生物种的多样性之间往往没有简单的关联。许多全国范围内的生态系统服务评估已经进行,但这些评估往往过于简单,通常只针对少数几个易于量化的生态系统服务,并没有包括一些对当地居民来说最重要的生态系统服务,因此,依照该评估制定的政策往往是不恰当的。生态系统服务来源于自然资本,即自然资源总量,如果这个资本耗尽,它所能提供的生态系统服务就会减少。生态安全是通过保护或恢复地区重要生态系统服务所需的关键自然资本来实现的。尽管中国的一些生态系统服务有所改善,但东亚热带和亚热带地区大部分生态系统服务总体趋于恶化。要在以人类为主导的世界实现区域生态安全,需要在全球、区域、国家和地方各层面上采取行动。

关键词：生物多样性生态系统服务自然资本生态安全生态文明

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The potential for biochar application in rubber plantations in Xishuangbanna,Southwest China:a pot trial

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Biochar 2021年第1期3卷 65-76页

作者： Libing Pan Fanzhen Xu Huizhu Mo richard T.corlett Liqing Sha CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesMengla 666303YunnanChina Center for Integrative Conservation Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesMengla 666303YunnanChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Biochar can enhance crop production and sequester carbon,but there have been few studies with tree *** plantations cover more than 8 million hectares in Southeast Asia,so we assessed the feasibility of biochar application in these plantations with a pot *** seedlings were planted in soil with four concentrations(0,1.25%,2.5% and 5%,w/w)of biochar combined with two concentrations of compound fertilizer(0 kg/ha and 300 kg/ha).Soil properties and seedling growth were measured,and a leaching experiment was conducted in the rainy *** results show that biochar increased pH,water content(27.4-65.1%),total carbon(25.4-53.6%),nitrate nitrogen,and available phosphorus in the soil,and decreased bulk density(3.2-23.9%).Biochar treatment reduced leaching of ammonium nitrogen and *** increased seedling nutrient uptake(C,N,P and K),with 2.5% and 5% biochar showing the largest effects,but seedling biomass was the highest with 1.25%,and declined in 2.5% and 5%.Our results suggest that biochar addition is an effective way to improve rubber plantation soils,sequester more carbon and decrease nutrient leaching,but the optimum application rate under field conditions needs further research.

关键词： Biochar Soil properties Nutrient leaching Rubber seedlings Biomass

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The Conservation Status of Hong Kong's Tree Flora

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生物多样性 1996年第B10期4卷 36-43页

作者： ZHUANG XUEYING richard T. corlett Department of Plant Protection South China Agricultural University Guangzhou 510642 Department of Ecology and Biodiversity University of Hong Kong Pok fulam Road Hong Kong

Since 1840,333 native tree species have been recorded in Hong ***,as a result of past and present land use practices,many forest tree taxa are in danger of *** the late 1970s,a systematic conservation system has been established in Hong *** of the forest and many plant species are protected by *** paper reports the current conservation status of the tree flora of Hong Kong,based on a study of forest ecology and floristics between 1989～*** relevance of Hong Kong’s experience to the conservation of China’s tree flora is also briefly discussed.

关键词：中国香港树生物多样性生态平衡

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A short note on seed dispersal by colobines:the case of the proboscis monkey

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Integrative Zoology 2013年第4期8卷 395-399页

作者： Ikki MATSUDA Seigo HIGASHI Yosuke OTANI Augustine TUUGA Henry BERNARD richard T.corlett Primate Research Institute Kyoto UniversityInuyamaJapan Graduate School of Environmental Earth Science Hokkaido UniversitySapporoJapan Sabah Wildlife Department SabahMalaysia Institute for Tropical Biology&Conservation University of Malaysia SabahSabahMalaysia Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of SciencesMenglaYunnanChina

Although the role of primates in seed dispersal is generally well recognized,this is not the case for colobines,which are widely distributed in Asian and African tropical *** consume leaves,seeds and fruits,usually unripe.A group of proboscis monkeys(Colobinae,Nasalis larvatus)consisting of 1 alpha-male,6 adult females and several immatures,was observed from May 2005 to May 2006.A total of 400 fecal samples from focal group members covering 13 months were examined,with over 3500 h of focal observation data on the group members in a forest along the Menanggul River,Sabah,*** small seeds were only found in 23 of 71 samples in Nov 2005,15 of 38 in Dec 2005 and 5 of 21 in Mar *** of Ficus(all<1.5 mm in length)were found in all 3 months and seeds from Antidesma thwaitesianum(all<3 mm)and Nauclea subdita(all<2 mm)only in Nov and Dec,which was consistent with members of the study group consuming fruits of these species mostly at these *** our knowledge,these are the fi rst records of seeds in the fecal samples of *** if colobines pass relatively few seeds intact,their high abundance and biomass could make them quantitatively significant in seed *** potential role of colobines as seed dispersers should be considered by colobine researchers.

关键词： biomass Borneo leaf monkey Nasalis larvatus primate

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Plant diversity in a changing world: status,trends,and conservation needs

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植物分类与资源学报 2016年第1期38卷 11-18页

作者： richard T.corlett Center for Integrative Conservation Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of Sciences

The conservation of plants has not generated the sense of urgency—or the funding—that drives the conservation of animals,although plants are far more important for us. There are an estimated 500,000 species of land plants( angiosperms,gymnosperms,ferns,lycophytes,and bryophytes),with diversity strongly concentrated in the humid tropics. Many species are still unknown to science. Perhaps a third of all land plants are at risk of extinction,including many that are undescribed,or are described but otherwise data deficient. There have been few known global extinctions so far,but many additional species have not been recorded recently and may be extinct. Although only a minority of plant species have a specific human use,many more play important roles in natural ecosystems and the services they provide,and rare species are more likely to have unusual traits that could be useful in the future. The major threats to plant diversity include habitat loss,fragmentation,and degradation,overexploitation,invasive species,pollution,and anthropogenic climate change. Conservation of plant diversity is a massive task if viewed globally,but the combination of a well-designed and well-managed protected area system and ex situ gap-filling and back-up should work anywhere. The most urgent needs are for the completion of the global botanical inventory and an assessment of the conservation status of the 94% of plant species not yet evaluated,so that both in and ex situ conservation can be targeted ***,the biggest conservation gap is in the hyperdiverse lowland tropics and this is where attention needs to be focused.

关键词：植物学植物分类植物生态学植物演化

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