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Phylogenetic Relationships among Chinese Rice Frogs within the Fejervarya limnocharis Species Complex (Amphibia: Dicroglossidae)

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Asian Herpetological Research 2022年第4期13卷 232-241页

作者： Kun YANG Yubin WO Gang SHAO Pinghu LIAO Haojie TONG richard P.brown Yuanting JIN College of Life Sciences China Jiliang UniversityHangzhou 310018ZhejiangChina Ningbo Beilun District Center for Disease Control and Prevention Ningbo 315000ZhejiangChina

We present a molecular assessment of the widely-distributed ricefrog(Fejervarya limnocharis)which provides many newsamples that add to knowledge of their phylogeography within China and considersgenetic support forfive Chinese species withinthis *** from 270 individuals and eight nuclearDNAloci(105 individuals)were sequenced from specimens sampled from across *** from nine specimens from China,Indonesia and Japan were also retrieved from previous *** informativeabout population divergence within China and indicated one major clade(with four subclades)from South China and the Zhoushan Archipelago,Zhejiang,China,and a second major clade(with eight subclades)from other parts of *** demographic expansions(less than 50ka ago)were detected within three of these 12 subclades,potentially associa ted with lowered sea-levels after marine *** bly,most frogs from the previously unstudied Zhoushan Archipelago(eastern China)were found to be closely related to Japanese *** STACEY species delimitation analyses of the multilocus data favoured five candidate species within the *** work had described Fejervaryamultistriata and *** from the Chinese mainland although here we detected considerable genetic divergence within the latter and found that this may be indicative of two *** of these corresponds to the Zhoushan Archipelago,Zhejiang,China and Japan,and the other from most parts of Chinese *** study provides a large multilocus dataset that contributes to the systematics of this species complex.

关键词： amphibian Asia genetic structure phylogeography population expansion Zhoushan Archipelago

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Functional correlates of skull shape in Chiroptera:feeding and echolocation adaptations

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Integrative Zoology 2022年第3期17卷 430-442页

作者： Giada GIACOMINI Anthony HERREL Gloriana CHAVERRI richard P.brown Danilo RUSSO Dino SCARAVELLI Carlo MELORO Research Centre in Evolutionary Anthropology and Palaeoecology School of Biological and Environmental SciencesLiverpool John Moores UniversityUK Département d’Ecologie et de Gestion de Paris C.N.R.S/M.N.H.N.ParisFrance Recinto de Golfito Universidad de Costa RicaGolfitoCosta Rica Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute BalboaAncónRepública de Panamá Wildlife Research Unit Dipartimento di AgrariaUniversitàdegli Studi di Napoli Federico IIPorticiItaly School of Biological Sciences Life Sciences BuildingUniversity of BristolBristolUK Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences University of BolognaOzzano dell’EmiliaItaly

Morphological,functional,and behavioral adaptations of bats are among the most diverse within mammals.A strong association between bat skull morphology and feeding behavior has been suggested ***,morphological variation related to other drivers of adaptation,in particular echolocation,remains *** assessed variation in skull morphology with respect to ecology(diet and emission type)and function(bite force,masticatory muscles and echolocation characteristics)using geometric morphometrics and comparative *** study suggests that variation in skull shape of 10 bat families is the result of adaptations to broad dietary categories and sound emission types(oral or nasal).Skull shape correlates with echolocation parameters only in a subsample of insectivorous species,possibly because they(almost)entirely rely on this sensory system for locating and capturing *** emitting low frequencies are characterized by a ventrally tilted rostrum,a trait not associated with feeding *** result questions the validity of a trade-off between feeding and echolocation *** study advances understanding of the relationship between skull morphology and specific features of echolocation and suggests that evolutionary constraints due to echolocation may differ between different groups within the Chiroptera.

关键词： diet echolocation functional morphology geometric morphometrics macroevolution

Grounding the Human Body during Yoga Exercise with a Grounded Yoga Mat Reduces Blood Viscosity

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2015年第4期5卷 159-168页

作者： richard brown Gaétan Chevalier Human Physiology Department University of Oregon Eugene USA Developmental and Cell Biology Department University of California at Irvine Irvine USA

Objective: Research continues to show that being connected to the earth can increase the potential of the body to scavenge free radicals. This study examined the effect of just one hour of grounding on blood viscosity while subjects participated in gentle yoga exercises designed to initiate minor inflammation. Design: In this double blind model, twenty-eight (28) subjects met at the Bowerman Sports Medicine Clinic on the campus of the University of Oregon and were grounded to the earth via contact with a grounded yoga mat or were sham-grounded. Ten yoga exercises were repeated five times over a one-hour period. Blood was taken pre and post exercise and analyzed for blood viscosity using a scanning capillary viscometer. Results: Subjects connected to the earth significantly reduced their post exercise systolic blood viscosity (p = 0.03) and diastolic blood viscosity (p = 0.03). Conclusion: Grounding has the ability to affect exercise induced inflammation, thereby reducing blood viscosity.

关键词： Earthing Grounding Yoga Yoga Mats Blood Viscosity

Wildfire severity alters soil microbial exoenzyme production and fungal abundances in the southern Appalachian Mountains

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Pedosphere 2024年第5期34卷 865-878页

作者： Megan L.SCHILL richard BAIRD Shawn P.brown Allison M.VEACH Department of Integrative Biology University of Texas at San Antonio Biochemistry Molecular Biology Entomology and Plant Pathology Department Mississippi State University Department of Biological Sciences The University of Memphis

Climate change has increased drought frequency and duration that are exacerbated by increased temperatures globally. This effect has, and will continue,to increase fire occurrence across many regions of North America. In the southern Appalachian Mountains, wildfires with high burn severity occurred in 2016due to increased drought and human activity. To investigate the effects of burn severity on soil physicochemical properties, microbial extracellular enzyme production, and microbial abundances in a temperate region, surface soils (0–15 cm) were collected from two sites (the Great Smoky Mountains National Park in Tennessee and the Nantahala National Forest in North Carolina, USA) spanning lightly, moderately, and severely burned areas, accompanied by adjacent unburned locations that act as controls. The soil samples were collected at three time points between 2017 and 2019 (i.e., 0.5, 1, and 2.5 years post-fire)among burn severity plots. Total hydrolytic enzyme production varied over time, with severe burn plots having significantly lower enzyme production at 2.5years post-fire. Individual enzymes varied among burn severities and across time post-fire. Light burn plots showed greater carbon-specific (β-glucosidase and β-xylosidase) and phosphorus-specific (acid phosphatase) enzyme activities at 0.5 years post-fire, but this effect was transient. At 2.5 years post-fire, theβ-xylosidase and acid phosphatase activities were lower in severe or moderate burn plots relative to the controls. In contrast, the activity of nitrogen-specific enzyme leucyl aminopeptidase was the lowest in severe burn plots at 0.5 years post-fire, but was the lowest in light burn plots at 2.5 years post-fire. The fungi:bacteria ratio declined with burn severity, indicating that fungi are sensitive or less resilient to high burn severity during recovery. These results suggest that wildfires alter trajectories for soil microbial structure and function within a 2.5-year timeframe, which potentially

关键词： 16S rRNA burn severity extracellular enzyme fungi:bacteria ratio internal transcribed spacer microbial structure

Bound and Resonating Multiquark Configurations

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Chinese Physics Letters 2024年第8期41卷 8-12页

作者： Jean-Marc richard Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon Université Claude Bernard(Lyon 1) CNRS-IN2P34 rue Enrico Fermi69622 VilleurbanneFrance

We review the predictions of quark models for multiquark configurations that are bound or resonant states,and compare different methods for estimating the properties of resonances.

关键词： quark Configuration resonant

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食品质地分析

生命科学仪器 2010年第4期8卷 3-6页

作者： richard D.brown

质地测试是评价食品原材料及加工食品的机械物理特性的一种成熟方法,并常用于食品加工前后的质量控制。质地测试基本适用于各类食品,包括烘烤品、谷类、糖果、点心、奶制品、水果、蔬菜、凝胶、肉类、家禽、鱼类、意大利面,甚至是宠物... 详细信息

质地测试是评价食品原材料及加工食品的机械物理特性的一种成熟方法,并常用于食品加工前后的质量控制。质地测试基本适用于各类食品,包括烘烤品、谷类、糖果、点心、奶制品、水果、蔬菜、凝胶、肉类、家禽、鱼类、意大利面,甚至是宠物食品。本文分别介绍了目前手动、自动化以及全程软件控制的食品质地分析测试仪器。

关键词：食品原材料质地分析测试仪器食品加工物理特性质量控制意大利面宠物食品

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幸福就是这样的简单和自然——探访塔莎奶奶的美丽花园

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百姓 2011年第7期 154-157页

作者： Tasha Tudor richard brown 中国轻工业出版社

仿佛实现了所有人心灵中深藏的一个梦想——塔莎奶奶的农庄位于美国佛蒙特山丘上,是她用作画的版税买下的。在那里,塔莎奶奶住木屋、种植花草、制作手工、绘画、与小动物们作伴,享受一耕一锄劳作的甜蜜,品味一点一滴生活的美妙。就是如... 详细信息

仿佛实现了所有人心灵中深藏的一个梦想——塔莎奶奶的农庄位于美国佛蒙特山丘上,是她用作画的版税买下的。在那里,塔莎奶奶住木屋、种植花草、制作手工、绘画、与小动物们作伴,享受一耕一锄劳作的甜蜜,品味一点一滴生活的美妙。就是如此跟着感觉走,全然地和大自然在一起,塔莎奶奶为人们展现了一份最为美好的人间生活。

关键词：花园里佛蒙特州《瓦尔登湖》就这样像塔梭罗在阳台上我自己天都瓦尔登

RecBERT:Semantic recommendation engine with large language model enhanced query segmentation for k-nearest neighbors ranking retrieval

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Intelligent and Converged Networks 2024年第1期5卷 42-52页

作者： richard Wu the Dublin Unified School District and the SF Artificial Intelligence Club DublinCA 94568USA

The increasing amount of user traffic on Internet discussion forums has led to a huge amount of unstructured natural language data in the form of user *** modern recommendation systems rely on manual tagging,relying on administrators to label the features of a class,or story,which a user comment corresponds *** common approach is to use pre-trained word embeddings to compare class descriptions for textual similarity,then use a distance metric such as cosine similarity or Euclidean distance to find top k ***,neither approach is able to fully utilize this user-generated unstructured natural language data,reducing the scope of these recommendation *** paper studies the application of domain adaptation on a transformer for the set of user comments to be indexed,and the use of simple contrastive learning for the sentence transformer fine-tuning process to generate meaningful semantic embeddings for the various user comments that apply to each *** order to match a query containing content from multiple user comments belonging to the same class,the construction of a subquery channel for computing class-level similarity is *** channel uses query segmentation of the aggregate query into subqueries,performing k-nearest neighbors(KNN)search on each individual *** achieves state-of-the-art performance,outperforming other state-of-the-art models in accuracy,precision,recall,and F1 score for classifying comments between four and eight classes,*** outperforms the most precise state-of-the-art model(distilRoBERTa)in precision by 6.97%for matching comments between eight classes.

关键词： sentence transformer simple contrastive learning large language models query segmentation k-nearest neighbors

Modelling the Mean Flow Through a Rotor in Axial Flight Including Vortex Ring Conditions

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Modelling the Mean Flow Through a Rotor in Axial Flight Incl...