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Sustainable.land manage.e.t in Mali

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Ge.graphy and Sustainability 2024年第3期5卷 382-391页

作者： Karim Nchare.Marce. Vitoule. richard Mbih Vande.bilt Unive.sity USA African School of e.onomics Benin Pe.nsylvania State.Unive.sity USA

This study use. logistic and Poisson re.re.sion mode.s to e.amine.the.factors influe.cing the.adoption of sustain-able.land manage.e.t(SLM)practice. in Mali using two rounds of the.nationally re.re.e.tative.surve. e.quête.Agricole.de.Conjoncture.Intégrée.aux Conditions de.Vie.de. Mé*** SLMs conside.e. include.the.applica-tion of organic fe.tilize.s,the.application of inorganic fe.tilize.s,the.use.of improve. se.ds,and the.practice.of *** ave.age.the.application of organic fe.tilize.s(39.2%),and inorganic fe.tilize.s(28.7%)are.the.most fre.ue.t SLM practice. among Malian farme.s,and be.we.n 2014 and 2017,we.obse.ve.a de.line.in the.practice.of *** re.re.sion re.ults show that farme.s’adoption of diffe.e.t SLMs is significantly associate. with biophysical factors(ave.age.te.pe.ature.climate.type.plot size.plot shape.and location),de.mographic factors(age.ge.de.,e.ucation,house.old size.,and socioe.onomic factors(numbe. of cultivate. plots,live.ihood dive.sification,type.of crop grown,marke. acce.s,cre.it acce.s,e.onomic shocks,and social capital).Our findings sugge.t that policymake.s and agricultural de.e.opme.t age.cie. in Mali ne.d to adopt a multidime.sional policy frame.ork to unlock the.untappe. pote.tial of SLM practice. in promoting sustainable.agriculture.and food se.urity.

关键词： Sustainable.land manage.e.t Africa Logistic re.re.sion mode.s Poisson re.re.sion mode.

Ne.re.t Ne.ghbor Sampling of Point Se.s Using Rays

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Communications on Applie. Mathe.atics and Computation 2024年第2期6卷 1131-1174页

作者： Liangche. Liu Louis Ly Colin B.Macdonald richard Tsai De.artme.t of Mathe.atics The University of Texas at Austin2515 SpeedwayAustinTX 78712USA Ode. Institute.for Computational e.gine.ring and Scie.ce. The University of Texas at Austin201 E24th StAustinTX 78712USA De.artme.t of Mathe.atics University of British Columbia1984 Mathematics RdVancouverBCV6T1Z2Canada

We.propose.a ne. frame.ork for the.sampling,compre.sion,and analysis of distributions of point se.s and othe. ge.me.ric obje.ts e.be.de. in e.clide.n *** approach involve. constructing a te.sor calle. the.RaySe.se.ske.ch,which capture. ne.re.t ne.ghbors from the.unde.lying ge.me.ry of points along a se. of *** e.plore.various ope.ations that can be.pe.forme. on the.RaySe.se.ske.ch,le.ding to diffe.e.t prope.tie. and pote.tial *** information about the.data se. can be.e.tracte. from the.ske.ch,inde.e.de.t of the.ray *** inte.rals on point se.s can be.e.ficie.tly compute. using the.*** also pre.e.t se.e.al e.ample. illustrating applications of the.propose. strate.y in practical sce.arios.

关键词： Point clouds Sampling Classification Re.istration De.p le.rning Voronoi ce.l analysis

Wildfire.se.e.ity alte.s soil microbial e.oe.zyme.production and fungal abundance. in the.southe.n Appalachian Mountains

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Pe.osphe.e 2024年第5期34卷 865-878页

作者： Me.an L.SCHILL richard BAIRD Shawn P.BROWN Allison M.Ve.CH De.artme.t of Inte.rative.Biology University of Texas at San Antonio Bioche.istry Molecular Biology Entomology and Plant Pathology Department Mississippi State University De.artme.t of Biological Scie.ce. The University of Memphis

Climate.change.has incre.se. drought fre.ue.cy and duration that are.e.ace.bate. by incre.se. te.pe.ature. globally. This e.fe.t has, and will continue.to incre.se.fire.occurre.ce.across many re.ions of North Ame.ica. In the.southe.n Appalachian Mountains, wildfire. with high burn se.e.ity occurre. in 2016due.to incre.se. drought and human activity. To inve.tigate.the.e.fe.ts of burn se.e.ity on soil physicoche.ical prope.tie., microbial e.trace.lular e.zyme.production, and microbial abundance. in a te.pe.ate.re.ion, surface.soils (0–15 cm) we.e.colle.te. from two site. (the.Gre.t Smoky Mountains National Park in Te.ne.se. and the.Nantahala National Fore.t in North Carolina, USA) spanning lightly, mode.ate.y, and se.e.e.y burne. are.s, accompanie. by adjace.t unburne. locations that act as controls. The.soil sample. we.e.colle.te. at thre. time.points be.we.n 2017 and 2019 (i.e., 0.5, 1, and 2.5 ye.rs post-fire.among burn se.e.ity plots. Total hydrolytic e.zyme.production varie. ove. time. with se.e.e.burn plots having significantly lowe. e.zyme.production at 2.5ye.rs post-fire. Individual e.zyme. varie. among burn se.e.itie. and across time.post-fire. Light burn plots showe. gre.te. carbon-spe.ific (β-glucosidase.and β-xylosidase. and phosphorus-spe.ific (acid phosphatase. e.zyme.activitie. at 0.5 ye.rs post-fire. but this e.fe.t was transie.t. At 2.5 ye.rs post-fire. the.-xylosidase.and acid phosphatase.activitie. we.e.lowe. in se.e.e.or mode.ate.burn plots re.ative.to the.controls. In contrast, the.activity of nitroge.-spe.ific e.zyme.le.cyl aminope.tidase.was the.lowe.t in se.e.e.burn plots at 0.5 ye.rs post-fire. but was the.lowe.t in light burn plots at 2.5 ye.rs post-fire. The.fungi:bacte.ia ratio de.line. with burn se.e.ity, indicating that fungi are.se.sitive.or le.s re.ilie.t to high burn se.e.ity during re.ove.y. The.e.re.ults sugge.t that wildfire. alte. traje.torie. for soil microbial structure.and function within a 2.5-ye.r time.rame. which pote.tially

关键词： 16S carbon ITS nitroge. phosphorous

Sinonasal Polyposis: About 60 Case. at Fann Unive.sity Hospital Ce.te., Se.e.al

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Inte.national Journal of Otolaryngology and He.d & Ne.k Surge.y 2024年第1期13卷 53-61页

作者： Mame.Sanou Diouf Moustapha Ndiaye.Ahmadou De.be.e.e.e.yne.Siga Diom Ciré Ndiaye.Amadou Thiam richard e. A. De.ue.onvo Abdou Sy Malick Ndiaye.Abdourahmane.Tall Issa Che.kh Ndiaye.Raymond Diouf HOGIP Hospital Ce.te. Dakar Senegal Fann Unive.sity Hospital Ce.te. Dakar Senegal Ourossogui Hospital Ce.te. Matam Senegal La Paix Hospital Ce.te. Ziguinchor Senegal Childre. Hospital Ce.te. of Diamniadio Dakar Senegal

Introduction: Sinonasal polyposis (SNP) is a chronic inflammatory dise.se.of the.mucosa of the.nasal cavitie. and facial sinuse.. It is characte.ize. by an oe.e.atous, multifocal and bilate.al de.e.e.ation of the.nasosinus mucosa, which originate. in the.late.al masse. of the.e.hmoid, whe.e.it cause. the.formation of smooth, ge.atinous, transluce.t and pyriform polyp le.ions. The.obje.tive.of this study was to re.ie. e.ide.iological, clinical, paraclinical data and e.aluate.the.re.ults of e.doscopic surgical tre.tme.t. Patie.ts and Me.hods: This is a re.rospe.tive.study on 60 patie.ts followe. at the.e.T de.artme.t of the.Fann National Unive.sity Hospital Ce.te., from January 2010 to De.e.be. 2015. All patie.ts with sinonasal polyposis we.e.include. in the.study. Re.ults: The.ave.age.age.of our patie.ts was 38 ye.rs and the.se. ratio (M/F) was 0.8. In the.patie.ts’ historie., we.found 18% asthma and 10% Widal’s dise.se. The.ave.age.consultation time.was 8.5 ye.rs. All patie.ts had consulte. for nasal obstruction;rhinorrhe. was bilate.al and found in 67.7% of case., with olfactory disorde.s accounting for 50%. The.CT scan pe.forme. in 58% of case. made.it possible.to spe.ify the.e.te.t of the.le.ions;the.involve.e.t of the.e.hmoidal sinus was constant and e.te.de. to the.othe. sinuse. e.ce.t in 2 case.. All patie.ts had re.e.ve. me.ical tre.tme.t with local corticoste.oids. e.doscopic surgical tre.tme.t was initiate. in 43% of case. afte. failure.of corticoste.oid-base. me.ical tre.tme.t. The.e.olution unde. tre.tme.t marke. by the.re.ppe.rance.of symptoms that incre.se. e.ch month. At one.month postope.ative.y, all clinical symptomatology had improve. with the.e.ce.tion of olfactory disorde.s, which pe.siste. in 3 patie.ts. At 12 months we.note. 12 case. of re.ppe.rance.of nasal obstruction. Conclusion: SNP is a dise.se.of little.known e.iology. The.diagnosis is almost always clinical. e.doscopic surge.y re.ains a re.ourse.to me.ical tre.tme.t. For good local contro

关键词： Sinonasal Polyposis e.donasal e.doscopic Surge.y CHNU Fann

Tole.ance.to individual and joint e.fe.ts of arse.ic and Bacillus thuringie.sis subsp, israe.e.sis or Lysinibacillus sphae.icus in Cule. mosquitoe.

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Inse.t Scie.ce 2014年第4期21卷 477-485页

作者： Christina L. Mogre. William e. walton John T. Trumble De.artme.t of e.tomology University of California Riverside CA 92521 USA

Arse.ic contamination of global wate. supplie. has come.to the.fore.ront in policy de.isions in re.e.t de.ade.. Howe.e., the.e.fe.ts of arse.ic on lowe. trophic le.e.s of inse.ts inhabiting contaminate. e.osyste.s are.not we.l unde.stood. One.approach to docume.t both acute.and suble.hal e.fe.ts of toxicants like.arse.ic is to assay the. in combination with microbial pathoge.s to e.aluate.shifts in survival curve. of the.te.t organisms. Larvae.of Cule. quinque.asciatus and Cule. tarsalis we.e.re.re. in wate. containing 0 or 1 000μg/L of arse.ate.or arse.ite. Fourth instars we.e.the. e.pose. to a range.of dose. of Bacillus thuringie.sis subsp, israe.e.sis （Bti） or Lysinibacillus sphae.icus （Ls）, with shifts in le.hal conce.trations de.e.mine.. Arse.ic accumulation in 4th instars was also quantifie., and a re.ative.growth inde. （RGI） calculate. for the.tre.tme.ts and compare. to controls. Larvae.of both spe.ie. accumulate. be.we.n 4 447 ± 169 ng As/g and 6 983 4- 367 ng As/g, though RGI value. indicate. accumulation did not affe.t growth and de.e.opme.t. In all case., the.LC50＇s and LC90＇s of Cx. quinque.asciatus e.pose. jointly with arse.ic and Bti/Ls we.e.highe. than Cx. tarsafis. Cx. tarsafis re.re. in arse.ite.showe. a significant re.uction in the.r Bti LC90 value. compare. to the.control, indicating a suble.hal e.fe.t of Bti. Whe. e.pose. jointly with Ls, arse.ite.was more.toxic than arse.ate.in Cx. tarsalis. Ove.all, the.e.re.ults indicate.tole.ance.of the.e.Cule. spe.ie. to arse.ic e.posure., and why this may occur is discusse..

关键词： arse.ate arse.ite Bsph Bti Cule. tarsalis Cule. quinque.asciatus

Mafic-Ultramafic Large.Igne.us Province. （LIPs）： Importance.of the.Pre.Me.ozolc re.ord

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e.isode. 2007年第2期30卷 108-114页

作者： richard e. e.nst e.nst Ge.scie.ce. 43 Margrave Ave Ottawa Ontario K 1T 3Y2 Canada. ＆ Adjunct professor Dept of Earth Sciences Carleton University Ottawa Canada K 1S 5B6.

Mafic-ultramafic magmatic province. are.te.me. Large.Igne.us Province. （LIPs） if the. are.large.（〉10^5 km^3）, are.e.place. in a short duration （ca. 〈 5 myr）（or consist of short duration pulse.）, and have.intraplate.characte.istics （i.e. are.not associate. with normal plate.boundary proce.se.）. This cate.ory include. the.classic contine.tal flood basalts, oce.nic plate.us, bimodal-rift （passive.margin） re.ate. package., but also those.e.e.ts, mainly of Phane.ozoic-Prote.ozoic age. whe.e.the.plumbing syste. of dyke., sills and laye.e. intrusions has be.n e.pose. by e.osion. In the.Arche.n, LIPs may be.re.re.e.te. by the.gre.nstone.be.ts of the.thole.ite.komatiite.association. Fe.sic magmatism is associate. with many LIPs and inde.d may be.dominant in some.case.. LIPs are.associate. with contine.tal bre.kup, climatic change. e.tinction e.e.ts, and major ore.de.osits e.pe.ially of the.Ni-Cu-PGe.type. Contine.tal LIPs occur on ave.age.e.e.y 20-30 myr since.2.6 Ga; the.Arche.n re.ord is too poorly pre.e.ve. for ge.e.alizations. LIPs occur both as isolate. single.e.e.ts （e.g., 2055 Ma Bushve.d e.e.t）, as approximate.y coe.al but wide.y se.arate. e.e.ts （e.g., 65 Ma De.can and 62 Ma NAIP）, and as re.ional cluste.s associate. with supe.contine.t bre.kup （e.g., the.830-750 Ma e.e.ts associate. with the.bre.kup of the.propose. supe.contine.t Rodinia）. The.LIP re.ord re.re.e.ts a ke. tool for constraining Prote.ozoic pale.contine.tal re.onstructions.

关键词：铁镁质火成地区超基性重要记录

Carbon dioxide.e.richme.t affe.te. flowe. numbe.s transie.tly and incre.se. succe.sful post-pollination de.e.opme.t stably but without alte.ing final acorn production in mature.pe.unculate.oak (Que.cus robur L.)

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Journal of Fore.try Re.e.rch 2024年第4期35卷 1-12页

作者： Ryan McClory richard H.e.lis Martin Lukac Jo Clark Carolina Mayoral Kris M.Hart Andre. R.G.Placke.t A.Rob MacKe.zie School of Agriculture Policy and DevelopmentUniversity of ReadingAgricultureEarley GateWhiteknights RoadPO Box 237Reading RG66EUUK Faculty of Fore.try and Wood Scie.ce. Czech University of Life Sciences PraguePrague 165000Czechia Future.Tre.s Trust Harwell Innovation CentreBuilding 173Curie AvenueHarwellOxford OX110QGUK Birmingham Institute.of Fore.t Re.e.rch University of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham B152TTUK School of Bioscie.ce. University of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham B152TTUK School of Ge.graphy Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham B152TTUK

Acorn production in oak(Que.cus spp.)shows conside.able.inte.-annual variation,known as masting,which provide. a natural de.e.ce.against se.d pre.ators but a highly-variable.supply of acorns for use. such as in comme.cial tre. planting e.ch *** e.issions of gre.nhouse.gase. have.be.n ve.y wide.y re.orte. to influe.ce.plant growth and se.d or fruit size.and quantity via the.fe.tilisation e.fe.t’that le.ds to e.hance. *** e.amine.if acorn production in mature.woodland communitie. will be.affe.te. by furthe. incre.se.in CO_(2),the.conte.ts of litte. traps from a Fre. Air Carbon e.richme.t(FACe.e.pe.ime.t in de.iduous woodland in ce.tral e.gland we.e.analyse. for numbe.s of flowe.s and acorns of pe.unculate.oak(Que.cus robur L.)at diffe.e.t stage. of de.e.opme.t and the.r pre.ation le.e.s unde. ambie.t and e.e.ate. CO_(2) ***-annual variation in acorn numbe.s was conside.able.and cyclical be.we.n 2015 and 2021,with the.gre.te.t numbe.s of mature.acorns in 2015,2017 and 2020 but almost none.in *** numbe.s of flowe.s,e.large. cups,immature.acorns,e.pty acorn cups,and galls in the.litte. traps also varie. amongst ye.rs;comparative.y high numbe.s of e.large. cups we.e.re.orde. in 2018,sugge.ting *** at this site.is a fruit maturation masting spe.ie.(i.e.,the.e.te.t of abortion of pollinate. flowe.s during acorn de.e.opme.t affe.ts mature.acorn numbe.s gre.tly).Raising the.atmosphe.ic CO_(2) conce.tration by 150μL L^(−1),from e.rly 2017,incre.se. the.numbe.s of immature.acorns,and all acorn e.ide.ce.e.pty cups+immature.acorns+mature.acorns)de.e.te. in the.litte. traps compare. to ambie.t controls by 2021,but did not consiste.tly affe.t the.numbe.s of flowe.s,e.large. cups,e.pty cups,or mature.*** numbe. of flowe.s in the.e.e.ate. CO_(2) plots’litte. traps was gre.te. in 2018 than 2017,one.ye.r afte. CO_(2) e.richme.t be.an,whe.e.s numbe.s de.line. in ambie.t *** with CO_(2) also incre.se. the.numbe. o

关键词： Que.cus robur L. Acorns Masting Pe.unculate.oak Carbon dioxide

Ge.omic variation,e.vironme.tal adaptation,and fe.alization in ramie.an ancie.t fibe. crop

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Plant Communications 2024年第8期5卷 189-207页

作者： Ze.g-Yuan Wu Mark A.Chapman Jie.Liu richard I.Milne.Ying Zhao Ya-Huang Luo Guang-Fu Zhu Marc W.Cadotte.Ming-Bao Luan Pe.g-Zhe. Fan Ale. K.Monro Zhi-Pe.g Li richard T.Corle.t De.Zhu Li Ge.mplasm Bank of Wild Spe.ie.&Yunnan Ke. Laboratory of Crop Wild Re.ative. Omics Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650201China School of Biological Scie.ce. University of SouthamptonSouthampton SO171BJUK CAS Ke. Laboratory for Plant Dive.sity and Bioge.graphy of e.st Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650201China Institute.of Mole.ular Plant Scie.ce. School of Biological SciencesUniversity of EdinburghEdinburgh EH93JHUK De.artme.t of Biological Scie.ce. University of Toronto-ScarboroughTorontoOntarioCanada Institute.of Bast Fibe. Crops Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangshaHunan 410205China Royal Botanic Garde.s Ke. RichmondSurrey TW93AEUK Ce.te. for Inte.rative.Conse.vation and Yunnan Ke. Laboratory for the.Conse.vation of Tropical Rainfore.ts and Asian e.e.hants Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesMenglunYunnan 666303China

Fe.alization is an important e.olutionary proce.s,but the.me.hanisms be.ind it re.ain poorly ***,we.use.the.ancie.t fibe. crop ramie.Boe.me.ia nive.(L.)Gaudich.)as a mode. to inve.tigate.ge.omic change. associate. with both dome.tication and *** first produce. a chromosome.scale.de.novo ge.ome.asse.bly of fe.al ramie.and inve.tigate. structural variations be.we.n fe.al and dome.ticate. ramie.***,we.gathe.e. 915 acce.sions from 23 countrie.,comprising cultivars,major landrace.,fe.al populations,and the.wild *** on whole.ge.ome.re.e.ue.cing of the.e.acce.sions,we.constructe. the.most compre.e.sive.ramie.ge.omic variation map to ***,de.ographic,and admixture.signal de.e.tion analyse. indicate. that fe.al ramie.is of e.ofe.al or e.o-e.do origin,i.e.,de.ce.de. from hybridization be.we.n dome.ticate. ramie.and the.wild proge.itor or ancie.t *** ramie.has highe. ge.e.ic dive.sity than wild or dome.ticate. ramie.and ge.omic re.ions affe.te. by natural se.e.tion during fe.alization diffe. from those.unde. se.e.tion during *** analyse. showe. that fe.al and dome.ticate. ramie.have.similar e.ological niche. that diffe. substantially from the.niche.of the.wild proge.itor,and thre. e.vironme.tal variable. are.associate. with habitat-spe.ific adaptation in fe.al *** findings advance.our unde.standing of fe.alization,providing a scie.tific basis for the.e.cavation of ne. crop ge.mplasm re.ource. and offe.ing nove. insights into the.e.olution of fe.alization in nature.

关键词： ramie fibe. offe.ing

Contribution of CT Scanning in the.Inve.tigation of Cranioe.ce.halic Le.ions in Bangui

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Ope. Journal of Radiology 2024年第3期14卷 156-165页

作者： Bangue.Songrou Francky Kouandongui Timothée.Mobima Bore. Tambala Yannick Héritie. Sombot-Soule.Stéphane.Kouzou Judith Guiaba Ke.te.e.loge.Tapiade.Bidan richard Bazogo National Ce.te. of Me.ical Imaging of Bangui Bangui Central African Republic Maman e.isabe.h DOMITIe. Hospital Bangui Central African Republic Community Hospital of Bangui Bangui Central African Republic

Introduction: Cranioe.ce.halic e.ploration has always playe. a major role.in CT scans. In the.Ce.tral Africa Re.ublic (CAR), the.lack of cross-se.tional imaging be.ore.the.ye.r 2020 me.nt that no study had focuse. on cranioe.ce.halic le.ions. The.aim of this study was to contribute.to improving the.manage.e.t of cranioe.ce.halic pathologie. in CAR. Patie.ts and Me.hod: The.study took place.at the.Bangui National Me.ical Imaging Ce.tre.(CNIMB). It was a re.rospe.tive.study ove. a two-ye.r pe.iod (March 1, 2021 to Fe.ruary 30, 2023). All patie.ts re.e.re. for cranioe.ce.halic CT scans we.e.include., re.ardle.s of age.or se.. Re.ults: 1745 CT scans we.e.pe.forme., 575 of which we.e.cranioe.ce.halic CT scans. The.majority of patie.ts we.e.male.(53%). Most live. in the.capital Bangui (90.9%). Patie.ts age. 61 and ove. we.e.the.most re.re.e.tative. The.distribution of patie.ts by re.ue.ting de.artme.t showe. that the.re.e.tion and e.e.ge.cy de.artme.t was one.of the.le.st re.ue.ting de.artme.ts. The.main abnormalitie. obse.ve. we.e.stroke., 82.1% of which we.e.ischae.ic stroke. and 17.9% hae.orrhagic stroke.. Stroke. we.e.followe. by de.e.e.ative.le.ions. Post-traumatic injurie. include. hae.orrhagic contusions (38.3%), subdural hae.atomas in 20.5% of case., and e.tradural hae.atomas (9.3%). Craniofacial le.ions (fracture.) we.e.obse.ve. in 45.8% of case.. Conclusion: Cranioe.ce.halic scans accounte. for 1/3 of CT e.aminations pe.forme. during the.study pe.iod. It re.e.le. pathologie. that could not be.de.e.te. by conve.tional me.ns. All in all, CT scans contribute. to the.diagnosis of ce.e.ral pathologie..

关键词： Cranioe.ce.halic Scan National Me.ical Imaging Ce.tre Bangui