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Empirical estimates of regional carbon budgets imply reduced global soil heterotrophic respiration

National science Review 2021年第2期8卷 60-73页

作者： Philippe Ciais Yitong Yao Thomas Gasser Alessandro Baccini Yilong Wang Ronny Lauerwald shushi Peng Ana Bastos Wei Li Peter A.Raymond Josep G.Canadell Glen P.Peters Rob J.Andres Jinfeng Chang Chao Yue A.Johannes Dolman Vanessa Haverd Jens Hartmann Goulven Laruelle Alexandra G.Konings Anthony W.King Yi Liu sebastiaan Luyssaert Fabienne Maignan Prabir K.Patra Anna Peregon Pierre Regnier Julia Pongratz Benjamin Poulter Anatoly shvidenko riccardo Valentini Rong Wang Grégoire Broquet Yi Yin Jakob Zscheischler Bertrand Guenet Daniel s.Goll Ashley-P.Ballantyne Hui Yang Chunjing Qiu Dan Zhu state Key Laboratory of soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau Northwest A&F University CsIRO Oceans and Atmosphere 15. Institute for Geology CEN—Center for Earth System Research and SustainabilityUniversity of Hamburg 16. Department of Earth System ScienceStanford University 17. Department of Earth System ScienceStanford UniversityStanford 18. School of Geographical SciencesNanjing University of Information Science and Technology 19. Department of Ecological SciencesVrije Universiteit Amsterdam 20. Research Institute for Global ChangeJAMSTEC Laboratoire des sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement CEA-CNRS-UVSQ-UPSACLAY Center for Environmental Remote sensing Chiba University Institute of soil science and Agrochemistry Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (SB RAS) Tuva state University Republic of Tuva Max Planck Institute for Meteorology NAsA Goddard space Flight Center Biospheric Sciences Lab. 26. Department for Innovation in BiologicalAgro-food and Forest systems (DIBAF)University of Tuscia RUDN University Department of Environmental science and Engineering Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and PreventionInstitute of Atmospheric SciencesFudan University 29. Division of Geological and Planetary SciencesCalifornia Institute of Technology 30. Climate and Environmental Physics and Oeschger Centre for Climate Change ResearchUniversity of Bern 31. Department of Ecosystem and Conservation Sci

Resolving regional carbon budgets is critical for informing land-based mitigation policy. For nine regions covering nearly the whole globe, we collected inventory estimates of carbon-stock changes complemented by satellite estimates of biomass changes where inventory data are missing. The net land–atmospheric carbon exchange(NEE) was calculated by taking the sum of the carbon-stock change and lateral carbon fluxes from crop and wood trade, and riverine-carbon export to the ocean. summing up NEE from all regions, we obtained a global ‘bottom-up’ NEE for net land anthropogenic CO2uptake of –2.2 ± 0.6 Pg C yr-1consistent with the independent top-down NEE from the global atmospheric carbon budget during 2000–2009. This estimate is so far the most comprehensive global bottom-up carbon budget accounting, which set up an important milestone for global carbon-cycle studies. By decomposing NEE into component fluxes, we found that global soil heterotrophic respiration amounts to a source of CO2of 39 Pg C yr-1with an interquartile of 33–46 Pg C yr-1—a much smaller portion of net primary productivity than previously reported.

关键词： carbon budget human appropriation of ecosystems soil carbon

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“观”与中国典籍范畴的“时中”式翻译

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燕山大学学报（哲学社会科学版） 2021年第6期22卷 29-35页

作者：李乐莫冉浙江外国语学院英语语言文化学院浙江杭州310023 上海外国语大学高级翻译学院上海200083

古汉语表现出强烈的“观”之特性——其以“象”保留自然印记,且与直观经验强烈关联,其以联想和譬喻来感知并表述世界,在此基础上所形成的中国古代思想特质是“综合直观式”的,而非印欧语言所构建的那种“纯概念思考”式的。相比西方思... 详细信息

古汉语表现出强烈的“观”之特性——其以“象”保留自然印记,且与直观经验强烈关联,其以联想和譬喻来感知并表述世界,在此基础上所形成的中国古代思想特质是“综合直观式”的,而非印欧语言所构建的那种“纯概念思考”式的。相比西方思想的“求真”传统,中国古代思想更关注人生之“求道”。而中国典籍的思想范畴,常在被翻译成西方语言时遭遇“抽象化”的困境,其与“观”相连的“求道”与指引行为的特质被消隐,变成与西方哲学概念范畴非常相似的原理阐明。为了保持典籍范畴所传达的思想的异质性,提出“时中”的翻译策略,旨在让译语读者感悟一种新的思想方式,进而获得对中国典籍更深刻、更切近本旨的领悟。

关键词：语言世界观 “观” 情境典籍翻译 “时中”

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Decreased prevalence of celiac disease among Brazilian elderly

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第12期19卷 1930-1935页

作者： Lucas Malta Almeida Luiz Claudio Castro Rosa Harumi Uenishi Fernanda Coutinho de Almeida Patricia Maria Fritsch Lenora Gandolfi riccardo Pratesi Yanna Karla de Medeiros Nóbrega Graduate Program in Medical sciences University of Brasilia School of Medicin Doctoral fellow of Coordenao de Aperfeioamento de Pessoal de Nível superior Graduate Program in Health sciences University of Brasilia School of Health Sciences Research Center for Celiac disease University of Brasilia School of Medicine Department of Pharmaceutical sciences University of Brasilia School of Health Sciences Research Center for Celiac Disease University of Brasilia School of Medicine

AIM: To evaluate the prevalence of celiac disease in a group of Brazilian individuals over 60 years of age and compare it with the previously known prevalence in a pediatric group living in the same geographical ***: The research protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the University of Brasilia school of Medicine, Brasilia, Brazil. Blood samples from 946 individuals (295 male and 651 female) aged 60 years or older were collected between May 2010 and July 2011. The study subjects' mean and median ages were 68.1 and 67 years, respectively, ranging from 60 to 92 years. That age distribution closely corresponded to the age distribution of the Brazilian population according to the Brazilian 2010 census. The participants were consecutive and unselected outpatients undergoing blood tests at the University of Brasilia Hospital's Clinical Pathology Laboratory. All sera were tested for immunoglobulin A anti-transglutaminase antibodies (IgA-tTG) by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay, and those that were positive were further tested for immunoglobulin A antiendomysium antibodies (IgA-EMA). Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genotyping was performed for all individuals who exhibited positive serologic results for IgA-tTG and/or ***: Out of the 946 studied patients, only one previously diagnosed case of biopsy-proven celiac disease was detected. For the remaining subjects, nine serum samples tested positive for IgA-tTG antibodies; however, none of them tested positive for IgA-EMA antibodies. The HLA genotyping of those nine subjects revealed that one was carrying DQA1*0501 and two were carrying DQB1*0201 alleles. These data showed that, among those 946 elderly individuals, the prevalence of celiac disease (CD) was 0.1% (95%CI: 0.00-0.59). The prevalence of CD for the elderly group was compared with that observed for the group of 2034 children younger than 15 years (age range, 1-14 years; mean age, 8 years) who took part in our previous CD prevalence screen

关键词： Celiac disease Gluten-sensitive enteropathy Epidemiology Elderly Mortality

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Genome mapping of postzygotic hybrid necrosis in an interspecific pear population

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Horticulture Research 2016年第1期3卷 326-337页

作者： sara Montanari Lester Brewer Robert Lamberts riccardo Velasco Mickael Malnoy Laure Perchepied Philippe Guérif Charles-Eric Durel Vincent G M Bus susan E Gardiner David Chagné Research and Innovation Centre Fondazione Edmund MachVia Mach 1San Michele all’Adige38010TNItaly The New Zealand Institute for Plant&Food Research Limited Palmerston North Research CentrePalmerston NorthNew Zealand Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et semences-UMR1345 Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique(INRA)SFR 4207 Quasav42 rue Georges MorelBeaucouzéF-49071France The New Zealand Institute for Plant&Food Research Limited Motueka Research CentreMotuekaNew Zealand Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et semences-UMR1345 Universitéd’AngersAngersF-49045France The New Zealand Institute for Plant&Food Research Limited Hawke’s Bay Research CentreHavelock NorthNew Zealand

Deleterious epistatic interactions in plant inter-and intraspecific hybrids can cause a phenomenon known as hybrid necrosis,characterized by a typical seedling phenotype whose main distinguishing features are dwarfism,tissue necrosis and in some cases *** of the chromosome regions associated with this type of incompatibility is important not only to increase our understanding of the evolutionary diversification that led to speciation but also for breeding *** of molecular markers linked to the lethal genes will allow breeders to avoid incompatible inbred combinations that could affect the expression of important agronomic tratis co-segregating with these *** hybrid necrosis has been reported in several plant taxa,including Rosaceae species,this phenomenon has not been described previously in *** the interspecific pear population resulting from a cross between PEAR3(Pyrus bretschneideri×Pyrus communis)and‘Moonglow’(***),we observed two types of hybrid necrosis,expressed at different stages of plant *** a combination of previously mapped and newly developed genetic markers,we identified three chromosome regions associated with these two types of lethality,which were genetically *** type resulted from a negative epistatic interaction between a locus on linkage group 5(LG5)of PEAR3 and a locus on LG1 of‘Moonglow’,while the second type was due to a gene that maps to LG2 of PEAR3 and which either acts alone or more probably interacts with another gene of unknown location inherited from‘Moonglow’.

关键词： breeding seedling dwarf

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阎连科作品在台湾的接受及其意义

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燕山大学学报（哲学社会科学版） 2021年第6期22卷 36-45页

作者：莫冉赵帝凯上海外国语大学高级翻译学院上海200083 坎特伯雷大学基督城8041

以2006年第一本阎连科作品《受活》在台湾的出版作为研究起点,分别聚焦于学院内、出版界以及文学界等三个场域如何阅读并评价阎连科作品的情形,并且从台湾文学的脉络来理解台湾为何读阎连科、阎连科文本对台湾的意义等问题。研究发现,... 详细信息

以2006年第一本阎连科作品《受活》在台湾的出版作为研究起点,分别聚焦于学院内、出版界以及文学界等三个场域如何阅读并评价阎连科作品的情形,并且从台湾文学的脉络来理解台湾为何读阎连科、阎连科文本对台湾的意义等问题。研究发现,台湾引介《为人民服务》时,特别关注阎连科的“禁书作家”标签;随后,台湾学院派关注阎连科作品在疾病、贫穷与国家权力话语之间的张力,以及阎连科作品带给台湾文学的启发,进而关注阎连科的叙事技巧及普世性议题。台湾在接受阎连科文本时,不断思考着阎连科与台湾文学的关系与意义。这个思考,更意味着台湾对“台湾”意义的反省。有别于阎连科作品作为文学在其他地区的流通及引介等世界文学研究所惯常提问的议题,“阎连科作品在台湾之接受”本身,涉及的是华语语系社群之间文本的流通。透过并置台、港对阎连科关注程度之差异,旨在将台湾对阎连科作品之接受史议题提升至对华语语系文学研究的层次,指出阎连科作品在台湾之接受的过程,折射出华语语系文本在各地的自我与他者之不断辩证与对话中,持续生产动态性的意义。

关键词：阎连科华语语系文学世界文学接受

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Accounting and Value Relevance of Intangibles:A longitudinal study in Italian stock Exchange 2010-2018

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Journal of Modern Accounting and Auditing 2020年第5期16卷 201-210页

作者： Francesco Paolone riccardo Tiscini Laura Martiniello Mercatorum University RomeItaly

This paper aims at exploring whether single items of intangible recognized in the financial statements under International Financial Reporting standards(IFRs)are value relevant to investors on the Italian stock *** data were gathered from all non-financial Italian listed companies covering the period *** the Ohlson’s(1995)model,a panel data regression analysis with fixed effect has been adopted to test the relationship between intangibles and stock *** found that intangibles(goodwill,R&D expenditure,and other intangibles that are the sub-categories displayed on Orbis Database)are positively related to security *** implications involve managers that must give much interest to intangibles as well as standards setters that should require further *** work covered a very recent set of longitudinal accounting data and offered an updating view of the association between intangible information and value relevance in the Italian stock Exchange.

关键词： International accounting intangibles Ohlson’s model IAs 38 IFRs 3

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Nutritional effects of the dietary inclusion of partially defatted Hermetia illucens larva meal in Muscovy duck

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Journal of Animal science and Biotechnology 2019年第3期10卷 768-777页

作者： Marta Gariglio sihem Dabbou Ilaria Biasato Maria Teresa Capucchio Elena Colombino Fuensanta Hernandez Josefa Madrid silvia Martinez Francesco Gai Christian Caimi sara Bellezza Oddon Marco Meneguz Angela Trocino riccardo Vincenzi Laura Gasco Achille schiavone Department of Veterinary sciences University of Turinlargo Paolo Braccini 2TurinGrugliasco 10095Italy Department of Agricultural Forest and Food SciencesUniversity of Turinlargo Paolo Braccini 2TurinGrugliasco 10095Italy Department of Animal Production University of MurciaCampus de Espinardo30071 MurciaSpain Institute of science of Food Production National Research Councillargo Paolo Braccini 2TurinGrugliasco 10095Italy Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food science University of Paduaviale dell’Universita 16PaduaLegnaro 35020Italy A.I.A.Agricola Italiana Alimentare s.p.A via Val Pantena 18G37142 VeronaItaly 7Institute of Interdisciplinary Research on sustainability University of Turinvia Accademia Albertina 1310100 TurinItaly

Background: The present work is aimed at evaluating the effect of different inclusion levels of a partially defatted black soldier fly(Hermetia illucens,L.;HI) larva meal for ducks.A total of 192 female 3-day-old Muscovy ducklings(Cairina moschata domestica,Canedins R71 L White,Grimaud Freres selection,France) were divided into 4 groups,assigned 4 different dietary treatments(6 replicates/treatment and 8 birds/replicate) and reared from 3 to 50 days of *** larva meal was included at increasing levels(0,3%,6% and 9%,HI0,HI3,HI6 and HI9,respectively) in isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets formulated for 3 feeding phases: starter(3–17 days of age),grower(18–38 days of age) and finisher(39–50 days of age).The growth performance and apparent total tract digestibility were evaluated during the trial using titanium dioxide as an inert marker(0.3% of inclusion).At 51 days of age,two birds per pen were slaughtered and histomorphological investigations were ***: The live weight and average daily gain showed a quadratic response to increasing HI meal in the grower period(minimum corresponding to the HI6 group).No effects of dietary inclusion levels were observed for the daily feed intake or feed conversion *** apparent dry matter and organic matter digestibility were not affected by the dietary treatment.A linear decrease was observed for the crude protein apparent digestibility in the starter period(minimum for the HI9 groups).The ether extract apparent digestibility increased linearly during the grower and finisher periods(minimum for the HI0 group).The morphometric indices were not influenced by the dietary ***: The inclusion of up to 9% of HI partially defatted larva meal in the diet of ducks did not cause any effect on growth performance,as well as the apparent ***,dietary HI inclusion preserved the physiological intestinal development.

关键词： Black soldier fly Digestibility Ducks Histopathology Insect Performance

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Laser produced electromagnetic pulses: generation, detection and mitigation

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High Power Laser science and Engineering 2020年第2期8卷 88-146页

作者： Fabrizio Consoli Vladimir TTikhonchuk Matthieu Bardon Philip Bradford David CCarroll Jakub Cikhardt Mattia Cipriani Robert JClarke Thomas ECowan Colin NDanson riccardo De Angelis Massimo De Marco Jean-Luc Dubois Bertr Etchessahar Alejro Laso Garcia David IHillier Ales Honsa Weiman Jiang Viliam Kmetik Josef Krása Yutong Li FredériéLubrano Paul McKenna Josefine Metzkes-Ng Alexre Poyé Irene Prencipe Piotr Ra¸czka Rol Asmith Roman Vrana Nigel CWoolsey Egle Zemaityte Yihang Zhang Zhe Zhang Bernhard Zielbauer David Neely ENEA Fusion and Technologies for Nuclear Safety DepartmentC.R.Frascati00044 FrascatiItaly CELIA University of BordeauxCNRSCEA33405 TalenceFrance ELI Beamlines Institute of PhysicsCzech Academy of Sciences25241 Dolni BrezanyCzech Republic CEA DAMCESTA33116 Le BarpFrance Department of Physics York Plasma InstituteUniversity of YorkHeslingtonYork YO105DDUK Central Laser Facility Rutherford Appleton LaboratorySTFCUKRIChiltonDidcotOxfordshire OX110QXUK Czech Technical University in Prague Faculty of Electrical Engineering16627 Prague 6Czech Republic Institute of Plasma Physics of the Czech Academy of sciences Za Slovankou 318200 PragueCzech Republic Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf Institut fur Strahlenphysik01328 DresdenGermany AWE plc AldermastonReadingBerkshire RG74PRUK OxCHEDs Clarendon LaboratoryDepartment of PhysicsUniversity of OxfordOxford OX13PUUK CIFs The Blackett LaboratoryImperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUK Centro de Laseres Pulsados(CLPU) 37185 VillamayorSalamancaSpain Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of sciences Na Slovance 218221 PragueCzech Republic school of Physical sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Department of Physics Scottish Universities Physics Alliance(SUPA)University of StrathclydeGlasgow G40NGUK Laboratory PIIM University Aix-Marseille-CNRS13397 MarseilleFrance Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion 01-497 WarsawPoland The Blackett Laboratory Imperial College LondonLondon SW72AZUK PHELIX Group GSI Helmholtzzentrum fur SchwerionenforschungD-64291 DarmstadtGermany

This paper provides an up-to-date review of the problems related to the generation,detection and mitigation of strong electromagnetic pulses created in the interaction of high-power,high-energy laser pulses with different types of solid *** includes new experimental data obtained independently at several international *** mechanisms of electromagnetic field generation are analyzed and considered as a function of the intensity and the spectral range of emissions they *** major emphasis is put on the GHz frequency domain,which is the most damaging for electronics and may have important *** physics of electromagnetic emissions in other spectral domains,in particular THz and MHz,is also *** theoretical models and numerical simulations are compared with the results of experimental measurements,with special attention to the methodology of measurements and complementary *** the underlying physical processes is the basis for developing techniques to mitigate the electromagnetic threat and to harness electromagnetic emissions,which may have promising applications.

关键词： electromagnetic pulses high-power lasers diagnostics mitigation techniques

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The Impact of International Accounting standards Board （IAsB）＇s Guidelines for Preparing Management Commentary （MC）： Evidence From Italian Listed Firms

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Journal of Modern Accounting and Auditing 2013年第3期9卷 305-320页

作者： Gianluca Ginesti riccardo Macchioni Giuseppe sannino Maria spano University of Naples "Federico II" Napoli Italy Riccardo Macchioni Giuseppe Sannino Second University of Naples Capua Italy second University of Naples Capua Italy University of Naples "Federico II" Napoli Italy

This paper investigates the Italian firms" disclosure in response to the new guidance on the management commentary (MC) contained in the International Financial Reporting standard (IFRs) practice statement issued by International Accounting standards Board (IAsB) in 2010. The study is organized as follows. After reviewing the relevant literature on financial disclosure and MC, this paper examines the content of the Italian management"s report?known as "Relazione sulla Gestione" and that of the recent IAsB"s IFRs practice statement. Hence, it applies a self-constructed disclosure index and a multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) on MC of a sample of 66 Italian non-financial listed firms. The results show that the level of disclosures provided by the Italian listed firms does not seem to be affected by the IAsB"s guidelines. However, the survey highlights large differences in the level and type of disclosure provided in MC among the sectors and firms. This paper aims to contribute to the financial reporting debate by understanding the IAsB"s guidelines and their impacts on the voluntary disclosure practices of Italian listed firms.

关键词：上市公司会计准则意大利 MCA 理事会管理层国际评论

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Corporate sustainability and Ethical Codes Effectiveness

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Journal of Modern Accounting and Auditing 2014年第9期10卷 969-982页

作者： Daniela M. salvioni riccardo Astori Raffaella Cassano University of Brescia Brescia Italy

In the last years, the issues regarding both sustainable development and business global responsibility have qualified the corporate governance effectiveness. Many international institutions have intervened and the companies, at least formally, have increased their attention to the interaction between stakeholder relationship management and economic, social, and environmental responsibility. The numerous and frequent scandals underline the discrepancy between the firms" formal statements and the substantial behaviors. Most of the companies, in the industrialized country, publish well-structured code of ethics and conduct, explicating the strategic values assigned to the global responsibility. The research considers the capability of the code of conduct to influence effectively the behaviors, in relation with the needs of transparency, sharing, coherent individual behavior, and control. In relation to the importance conferred to the sustainable development by the European Union (EU), the analysis examines listed companies with the greatest market capitalization operating in the Great Britain, Germany, and Italy, in order to verify the firms" behavioral uniformity and the effectiveness of sustainability policies. The analysis shows that the codes of ethics seem to remain only formal declarations. Conscious and rational governance not only transfers values and principles of sustainability to the firm"s behaviors and its result system, but also goes beyond a mere diffusion and formalization of codes of ethics and conducts. To achieve that, it is necessary to develop productive behaviors focused on the risk control and on managing behaviors of all the organization"s members, in particular in reference to the stakeholder relationship management. The codes of ethics, in fact, seem to assume a poor relevance for the corporate sustainability promotion if a correct formal structure does not occur integrated with strategies and processes which assure a constant workability. It

关键词：企业可持续发展道德准则可持续发展政策环境责任利益相关者管理组织风险控制公司治理

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