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Transesterification Reaction of Waste Cooking Oil and Chicken Fat by Homogeneous Catalysis

Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 2014年第7期8卷 736-743页

作者： Ignacio Contreras andrade Jonathan Parra Santiago Jose ricardo Sodre Joseph Sebastian Pathiyamattom Carlos Alberto Guerrero-Fajardo Doctor Chemical Engineering Universidad Autonoma de Sinaloa Culiacan Rosales 80040 Mexico Chemical Engineering (C) Universidad Nacional de Colombia Bogota 11001 Colombia Doctor Mechanical Engineering Coordenador Programa de Pos-Graduaao em Engenharia Mecdnica Pontificia Universidade Catolica de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte 30130 Brazil Center for Energy Research Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico Temixco 62580 Mexico Chemical Engineering and Mechanical Universidad Nacional de Colombia Bogota 11001 Colombia

In the last years, biodiesel production has been on a steady increase due to it is renewable and biodegradable fuel. The process to obtain biodiesel can be carried out using different raw materials. It is conlmonly performed by transesterification reaction of vegetable oils with methanol and using a homogeneous or heterogeneous catalyst. This work seeks to compare the results produced in transesterification of wasted cooking oil and chicken fat by homogeneous catalysis with NaOH. Due to in each case triglyceride comes from different raw materials, operation conditions differ slightly, which is more evident in the values used for the temperature. For chicken fat was used temperature variations between 35 ℃ and 55 ℃, varying catalyst in percentages between 0.3% and 0.7% with a molar ratio 6：1 in all cases and a reaction time of I h. Likewise, the conditions used in the tmnsesterification process of waste cooking oil were temperature between 50 ℃ and 60 ℃ with a molar ratio 6/1 and 9/1 for alcohol and oil, and catalyst percentage between 0.5% and 0.7% by weight. The yields obtained were between 78% and 94%, or 83% and 95%, for chicken fat and wasted cooking oil, respectively.

关键词： Biodiesel transesterification homogeneous catalysis cooking oil chicken fat.

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诉讼案件频发巴西航司有苦难言

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商业周刊（中文版） 2024年第4期 15-15页

作者： Martha Viotti Beck Beatriz reis 杜然(译) 不详

●严厉的消费者法律催生了数以干计的诉讼,愤怒的乘客可能会获得高达3000美元的赔偿在大多数国家,航班延误和行李丢失是航空旅行的不幸现实。在巴西,它们却有可能带来一笔意外收人。贝尔纳迪一施纳普律师事务所(Bernardi & Schnapp)的... 详细信息

●严厉的消费者法律催生了数以干计的诉讼,愤怒的乘客可能会获得高达3000美元的赔偿在大多数国家,航班延误和行李丢失是航空旅行的不幸现实。在巴西,它们却有可能带来一笔意外收人。贝尔纳迪一施纳普律师事务所(Bernardi & Schnapp)的航空法专家、国际航空运输协会(IATA)在巴西的法律顾问里卡多·贝尔纳迪(ricardo Bernardi)表示,在这里,不满意的乘客可以轻易将航空公司告上法庭,并有望赢得8000~1.5万雷亚尔(相当于1600~3000美元)的赔偿。

关键词：律师事务所航空法航空旅行贝尔纳法律顾问航班延误诉讼案件里卡多

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Statistical Estimation of Surface Heat Control and Exchange in Endotherms

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Open Journal of Statistics 2018年第1期8卷 220-239页

作者： Barbara Henning Benilton de Sá Carvalho José Luiz Boldrini Sérgio Furtado dos reis Denis Otávio Vieira de andrade Programa de Pós-Graduacao em Ecologia Universidade Estadual de Campinas Campinas Brazil Departamento de Estatística Universidade Estadual de Campinas Campinas Brazil Departamento de Matemática Universidade Estadual de Campinas Campinas Brazil Departamento de Biologia Animal Universidade Estadual de Campinas Campinas Brazil Departamento de Zoologia Universidade Estadual Paulista Rio Claro Brazil

In this paper, we combine polynomial functions, Generalized Estimating Equations, and bootstrap-based model selection to test for signatures of linear or nonlinear relationships between body surface temperature and ambient temperature in endotherms. Linearity or nonlinearity is associated with the absence or presence of cutaneous vasodilation and vasoconstriction, respectively. We obtained experimental data on body surface temperature variation from a mammalian model organism as a function of ambient temperature using infrared thermal imaging. The statistical framework of model estimation and selection successfully detected linear and nonlinear relationships between body surface temperature and ambient temperature for different body regions of the model organism. These results demonstrate that our statistical approach is instrumental to assess the complexity of thermoregulation in endotherms.

关键词： Gracilinanus microtarsus Infrared Thermography Thermal Window Thermoregulation in Homeothermic Endotherms Vasomotor Adjustment

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Turner Syndrome and Inflammatory Bowel Disease： Case Report

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Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 2018年第2期6卷 136-139页

作者： Priscilla Pereira dos reis ricardo Fortes Monteiro de Castro Rafaela Costa Vieira Carolina de Paula Guimaraes Baia Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Felicio Rocho Hospital Minas Gerais 30110-017 Brazil Specialization in Gastroenterology and Hepatology Felicio Rocho Hospital Minas Gerais 30110-017 Brazil Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Inflammatory Bowel Disease Outpatient Clinic Felicio Rocho Hospital Minas Gerais 30110-017 Brazil

Summary： TS （Turner syndrome） is a genetic disease which affects women caused by complete or partial absence of one of the X chromosomes. This condition is related to an increase in autoimmune diseases incidence like, IBD （inflammatory bowel disease）. Material and Methods： a case report of a 31 years old woman with T S hospitalized with two months of prostration, fever, rashes, nausea, vomit and diarrhea. Investigations have shown colonic mucosa inflammation, besides chronic colitis with cryptic microabscess in the anatomopathological evaluation, suggesting IBD as etiology. Treatment with mesalazine was effective in symptoms improvement. Conclusions： TS is a condition frequently associated with autoimmune diseases, including diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, such as IBDs. Recognition and early treatment of this condition leads to an improvement in the quality of life of these patients and reduces the chances of future complications.

关键词： TS inflammatory bowel diseases colitis (ulcerative).

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Cumulative positive fluid balance is a risk factor for acute kidney injury and requirement for renal replacement therapy after liver transplantation

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World Journal of Transplantation 2018年第2期8卷 44-51页

作者： Liana Codes Ygor Gomes de Souza ricardo Azevedo Cruz D'Oliveira Jorge Luiz andrade Bastos Paulo Lisboa Bittencourt Unit of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Portuguese Hospital of Salvador Medical School of Bahia Federal University of Bahia

AIM To analyze whether fluid overload is an independent risk factor of adverse outcomes after liver transplantation(LT).METHODS One hundred and twenty-one patients submitted to LT were retrospectively *** regarding perioperative and postoperative variables previously associated with adverse outcomes after LT were *** fluid balance(FB) in the first 12 h and 4 d after surgery were compared with major adverse outcomes after *** Most of the patients were submitted to a liberal approach of fluid administration with a mean cumulative FBover 5 L and 10 L,respectively,in the first 12 h and 4 d after *** FB in 4 d was independently associated with occurrence of both AKI and requirement for renal replacement therapy(RRT)(OR = 2.3;95%CI:1.37-3.86,P = 0.02 and OR = 2.89;95%CI:1.52-5.49,P = 0.001 respectively).Other variables on multivariate analysis associated with AKI and RRT were,respectively,male sex and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Disease Classification System(APACHE II) levels and sepsis or septic *** was shown to be independently related to AST and APACHE II levels(OR = 2.35;95%CI:1.1-5.05,P = 0.02 and 2.63;95%CI:1.0-6.87,P = 0.04 respectively),probably reflecting the degree of graft dysfunction and severity of early postoperative course of *** effect of FB on mortality after LT was *** Cumulative positive FB over 4 d after LT is independently associated with the development of AKI and the requirement of *** was not independently related to FB,but to surrogate markers of graft dysfunction and severity of postoperative course of LT.

关键词： Liver transplantation Fluid balance Acute kidney injury

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Effects of Socioeconomic on Survival for Adult Glioblastoma Multiform Patients in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 1999-2009

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Open Journal of Modern Neurosurgery 2012年第1期2卷 1-5页

作者： Jose Carlos Lynch Leonardo Welling Claudia Escosteguy Alessandra G. L. Pereira ricardo andrade Celestino Pereira 不详

Backgrond: To compare the survival of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) patients operated on at public hospital with that of patients operated on at the private hospital. Method: We carried out a retrospective analysis of the patients’ medical records, the surgical reports, and the pre and post-operative images of patients with a histopathological confirmed adult supratentorial glioblastoma multiform (GBM). Sixty-three patients were treated at public hospital and 21 at private hospitals. Results: The present study revealed that the survival of patients treated in private hospitals was statistically superior to that of patients treated in public hospitals (11.9 vs 7.7). Conclusions: Our study advances towards the confirmation of the hypothesis that socioeconomic and educational factors influence the KPS and the performance of RT treatment, with negative effects over the GBM patients’ survival.

关键词： Socioeconomic Factors Glioblastoma Gliomas Karnofsky Radiotherapy

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Subcutaneous Model for the Study of Dengue Virus Infection in Immune Competent Mice

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2018年第5期6卷 97-110页

作者： Beatriz Senra Santos Natalia Lima Pessoa Natalia Lucinda Gustavo Cardoso de Oliveira Thais Souza Silva Ketyllen reis andrade Ketyllen reis andrade Bruno Galvã o Filho Marcele Neves Rocha Alexandre Vieira Machado Pedro Augusto Alves É rica Alessandra Rocha Alves Erna Geessien Kroon Marco Antô nio Campos Instituto René Rachou Funda&amp amp ccedil & amp atilde o Oswaldo Cruz Fiocruz Belo Horizonte Brazil Departamento de Microbiologia Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Brazil Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuá ria Laborat&amp amp oacute rio de Virologia Brasilia Brazil

Various mouse models to study dengue have been described by different authors, some of them using immunodeficient or some using humanized mice. Our group reported previously a deadly murine model, which used the intracranial inoculum of highly virulent Dengue virus (DENV) in immune competent mouse. Here we present a model of immune competent mouse (C57BL/6), infected subcutaneously by the same highly virulent DENV (DENV3 genotype I). In this immunocompetent systemic mice model, the cytokine levels and hematological parameters such as total and differential leukocyte and platelets counts, together with weight loss, were considered important monitoring parameters, allowing a better understanding of the systemic human disease. Mice were inoculated subcutaneously and evaluated by the percentage weight variation as well as the clinical signs. Hematological parameters and cytokines levels were measured and viral titration in brain tissue or serum neutralization was performed to confirm mice infection. The subcutaneously DENV inoculated mice showed weight loss after infection, but they did not show any other clinical signs. The leukocytes and platelets decreased after subcutaneous inoculation. The cytokines TNF alpha and IFN gamma increased after infection in mice. The subcutaneous model provided scope for improved understanding of the dengue pathogenesis, as well as possible mechanism for protection to subsequent mouse infected by intracranial route in mice. This model could be used to study the vertebrate immune response and evaluation of drugs or vaccine against dengue virus.

关键词： Subcutaneous Murine Model Dengue Disease Immune Competent Mouse Cytokines Innate Immune Response

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Physicochemical and Sensory Characterization of Banana and Aracá-Boi Jam

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2014年第8期5卷 733-741页

作者： Eliseth de Souza Viana Jaciene Lopes de Jesus Ronielli Cardoso reis Marcos Vinícius Silva de andrade Celio Kersul do Sacramento Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation EMBRAPANational Cassava&Fruits Research CenterCruz das AlmasBrazil Federal University of Reconcavo Baiano Cruz das AlmasBrazil State University of Santa Cruz IlhéusBrazil

This study evaluated the physicochemical and sensory properties of mixed jam elaborated with banana and ara?á-boi. Four banana extract (BE) and ara?á-boi (AB) jams were prepared using the following proportions: F1 (70% BE:30% AB), F2 (60% BE:40% AB), F3 (40% BE:60% AB) and F4 (30% BE:70% AB). The jams were analyzed for physicochemical and sensory properties. The sensory acceptance test was performed by 50 panelists who were asked to indicate how much they liked/ disliked the jams based on the following attributes: color, aroma, flavor and texture. The formulations that contained more BE (F1 and F2) showed a lower titratable acidity (TA), higher ratio (SS/TA) and higher total sugar. A global analysis of the internal preference mapping verified that formulations F1 and F2 were preferred for flavor and had good acceptance levels for the other evaluated attributes, which indicated that the consumers favored jams with lower concentrations of AB and higher concentrations of BE. The formulation F1 was considered the most accepted for all attributes evaluated and showed high purchase intent (68%), and was therefore appropriate for industrialization and consumption.

关键词： Musa spp. Eugenia stipitata Acceptance Preference Mapping Fruits Processing

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Physical exercise and COVID-19 pandemic in PubMed:Two months of dynamics and one year of original scientific production

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2021年第2期3卷 80-92页

作者： Rodrigo L.Vancini Marília S.andrade ricardo B.Viana Pantelis T.Nikolaidis Beat Knechtle Cassia R.V.Campanharo Alexandre A.de Almeida Paulo Gentil Claudio A.B.de Lira Centro de Educaçao Física e Desportos(CEFD) Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo(UFES)Espírito Santo(ES)Brazil Departamento de Fisiologia Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo(UNIFESP)Sao Paulo(SP)Brazil Setor de Fisiologia Humana e do Exercício Faculdade de Educaçao Física e DançaUniversidade Federal de Goias(UFG)GoianiaGoias(GO)Brazil School of Health and Caring Sciences University of West AtticaGreece Medbase St.Gallen Am Vadianplatz St.Gallen and Institute of Primary CareUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland Escola Paulista de Enfermagem(EPE) UNIFESPSao Paulo(SP)Brazil Instituto Federal de Educaçao Ciencia e Tecnologia do Tocantins(IFTO Araguatins)Campus Araguatins.Povoado Santa TerezaKm 05 S/N Zona RuralAraguatinsTocantins(TO)Brazil

Our aim was to conduct a narrative review about physical exercise and Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19).A literature search was completed crossing the keywords“COVID-19”and“physical exercise”,for a narrative re-view,and physical activity(PA),physical exercise,physical training,sport,physical fitness,for a systematic re-view;search strategy(Randomized Controlled Trial,in the last 1 year,English).The first search date was closed on 04/26/2020 and 06/26/*** strategy was chosen to assess the dynamics of scientific information production for the *** two months,an increase of 76%,from 12(19.4%)to 50(80.64%)COVID-19 articles(n=62,100%)was *** main types of articles published were editorial articles(16.13%,n=10 of 62 articles)and commentary(9.68%,n=6 of 62 articles).The most frequent country of origin of the scientific production was the United States(12.90%,n=8 of 62 articles),the United Kingdom(12.90%,n=8 of 62 arti-cles),and Brazil(11.29%,n=7 of 62 articles).However,in 2020,there were only 2 relevant randomized controlled trials on the COVID-19 topic in the context of physical *** information production shows the concern of the PA science community to bring a solution to the increase in physical inactivity generated by the COVID-19 *** findings show the dynamics of scientific production on the COVID-19,in a situation so unique such as a pandemic,denotes that the practice of PA is essential to improve and/or maintain physical and mental health.

关键词： Coronavirus Pandemic COVID-19 Social isolation Quarantine Physical exercise Physical activity Sport

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Tetramethrin Identified in Fat Adjacent to Mammary Carcinoma in a Male Dog—Case Report

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Open Journal of Pathology 2012年第3期2卷 102-105页

作者： Fernanda C.Figueiroa Paulo ricardo O.Bersano Fabio Henrique E.andrade Noeme S.Rocha School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science Sao Paulo State University(UNESP)BotucatuBrazil Maranhao State University(UEMA) Sao LuisBrazil

Canine mammary tumors (CMT) are very common in female dogs, representing approximately 50% of all tumors in this species, but are highly uncommon in male dogs and are primarily related to hyperestrogenism. There is considerable scientific interest in the possible role of environmental contaminants in the etiology of mammary tumors, specifically in relation to synthetic chemical substances released into the environment to which living beings are either directly or indirectly exposed. In this study, the presence of pyrethroid insecticide was observed in adipose tissue adjacent to canine mammary tumors. High Precision Liquid Chromatography—HPLC was adapted to detect and identify environmental contaminants in adipose tissue adjacent to malignant mammary tumor in one male dog, Akita, 12 years old. After surgery, the mass was carefully examined for malignant neoplastic lesions. Five grams of adipose tissue adjacent to the tumor was collected to detect environmental contaminants. The pyrethroid was identified as tetramethrin, at 0.20 μg/g. This is the first report in which the environmental contaminant level was detectable in adipose tissue of this male dog with a malignant mammary tumor, by HPLC. Results suggest the possible involvement of pyrethroid in the canine mammary tumor carcinogenesis since this animal did not present any other tumor that could cause hyperestrogenism.

关键词： Tetramethrin Mammary Tumor Male Dog Environmental Contaminants

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