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Locoregional therapies and their effects on the tumoral microenvironment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第13期28卷 1288-1303页

作者： Thomas Lambin Cyril Lafon Robert Andrew Drainville Mathieu Pioche Frédéric Prat LabTAU INSERMCentre Léon BérardUniversitéLyon 1Univ LyonLyon 69003France Department of Gastroenterology Hospices Civils de LyonEdouard Herriot HospitalLyon 69008France Service d’Endoscopie Digestive Hôpital BeaujonAssistance Publique-Hôpitaux de ParisClichy 92110France INSERM U1016 Institut CochinUniversitéde ParisParis 75014France

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC) is expected to become the second leading cause of death from cancer by 2030. Despite intensive research in the field of therapeutics, the 5-year overall survival is approximately 8%, with only 20% of patients eligible for surgery at the time of diagnosis. The tumoral microenvironment(TME) of the PDAC is one of the main causes for resistance to antitumoral treatments due to the presence of tumor vasculature, stroma, and a modified immune response. The TME of PDAC is characterized by high stiffness due to fibrosis, with hypo microvascular perfusion, along with an immunosuppressive environment that constitutes a barrier to effective antitumoral treatment. While systemic therapies often produce severe side effects that can alter patients’ quality of life, locoregional therapies have gained attention since their action is localized to the pancreas and can thus alleviate some of the barriers to effective antitumoral treatment due to their physical effects. Local hyperthermia using radiofrequency ablation and radiation therapy-most commonly using a local high single dose-are the two main modalities holding promise for clinical efficacy. Recently, irreversible electroporation and focused ultrasound-derived cavitation have gained increasing attention. To date, most of the data are limited to preclinical studies, but ongoing clinical trials may help better define the role of these locoregional therapies in the management of PDAC patients.

关键词： Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma Tumoral microenvironment Stroma Hyperthermia Radiation therapy High-intensity focused ultrasound

Specific alterations of regional myocardial work in strength-trained athletes using anabolic androgenic steroids compared to athletes with genetic hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2023年第4期12卷 477-485页

作者： Antoine Grandperrin Frédéric Schnell Erwan Donal Elena Galli Christophe Hedon Olivier Cazorla Stéphane Nottin Avignon University LaPEC UPR 4278Avignon F-84000France Rennes University CHU RennesInsermLTSI-UMR 1099Rennes F-35000France Montpellier University PhyMedExpINSERMCNRSPhysiology and Experimental Heart and Muscle MedicineMontpellier 34295France

Background:Strength-trained athletes using anabolic androgenic steroids(AAS)have left ventricular(LV)hypertrophy and myocardial fibrosis that can lead to sudden cardiac death.A similar feature was described in athletes with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy(HCM),which complicates the diagnosis for *** this context,we aimed to compare the LV function of the 2 populations by measuring global and regional strain and myocardial work using speckle-tracking ***:Twenty-four strength-trained asymptomatic athletes using AAS(AAS-Athletes),22 athletes diagnosed with HCM(HCM-Athletes),and 20 healthy control athletes(Ctrl-Athletes)underwent a resting echocardiography to assess LV *** evaluated LV global and regional strains and myocardial work,with an evaluation of the constructive work(CW),wasted work,and work efficiency(WE).Results:Compared to Ctrl-Athletes,both AAS-Athletes and HCM-Athletes had a thicker interventricular septum,with maj ored values in *** strain was reduced in AAS-Athletes and even more in ***,global WE was significantly diminished in both AAS and HCM-Athletes(93%±2%in Ctrl-Athletes,90%±4%in AAS-Athletes,and 90%±5%in HCM-Athletes(mean±SD);p<0.05).Constructive work and WE regional analysis showed specific alterations,with the basal septal segments preferentially affected in AAS-Athletes,and both septal and apical segments affected in ***:The regional evaluation of myocardial work reported specific alterations of the major LV hypertrophy induced by the regular use of AAS compared to the LV hypertrophy due to *** finding could help clinicians to differentiate between these 2 forms of pathological hypertrophy.

关键词： Anabolic androgenic steroids Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy Left ventricular function Myocardial work Speckle-tracking echocardiography

Alkyl-thiophene-alkyl linkers to construct double-cable conjugated polymers for single-component organic solar cells

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第1期35卷 542-546页

作者： Wenbin Lai Safakath Karuthedath Chengyi Xiao Lei Meng Frédéric Laquai Weiwei Li Yongfang Li Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Key Laboratory of Organic SolidsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering&State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing 100029China King Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST) KAUST Solar Center(KSC)Physical Sciences and Engineering Division(PSE)Material Science and Engineering Program(MSE)Thuwal 23955-6900Kingdom of Saudi Arabia University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Institute of Materials Research Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate SchoolTsinghua UniversityShenzhen 518055China

In this work,semirigid linkers of the alkyl-thiophene-alkyl structure are developed to construct double-cable *** alkyl units,propyl(C3H6),hexyl(C6H12),and dodecyl(C12H24),are applied as semirigid linkers,yielding three double-cable polymers:PBC6-T,PBC12-T,and PBC24-T,***12-T which uses C6H12-thiophene-C6H12 linkers is found to exhibit the best device efficiency of 5.56%,while PBC6-T and PBC24-T with shorter or longer linkers yield device efficiencies of only 2.65%and 1.09%in single-component organic solar cells(SCOSCs).Further studies reveal that PBC12-T exhibits higher crystallinity and improved charge transport,resulting in better *** work provides an approach to construct double-cable conjugated polymers with long alkyl linkers,and it shows the importance of the linker length for the photovoltaic performance of SCOSCs.

关键词： Double-cable conjugated polymer Single-component organic solar cell Crystallinity Semirigid linkers Alkyl-thiophene-alkyl

New insights into inflammatory osteoclast precursors as therapeutic targets for rheumatoid arthritis and periodontitis

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Bone Research 2023年第2期11卷 303-315页

作者： Emilie Hascoet Frédéric Blanchard Claudine Blin-Wakkach Jérôme Guicheux Philippe Lesclous Alexandra Cloitre Nantes Université OnirisUniv AngersCHU NantesINSERMRegenerative Medicine and SkeletonRMeSUMR1229F-44000 NantesFrance UniversitéCote d'Azur CNRSLP2M NiceFrance

Rheumatoid arthritis(RA)and periodontitis are chronic inflammatory diseases leading to increased bone *** this inflammatory bone resorption is a major health *** diseases share immunopathogenic similarities and a common inflammatory *** autoimmune response or periodontal infection stimulates certain immune actors,leading in both cases to chronic inflammation that perpetuates bone ***,RA and periodontitis have a strong epidemiological association that could be explained by periodontal microbial *** dysbiosis is believed to be involved in the initiation of RA via three mechanisms.(i)The dissemination of periodontal pathogens triggers systemic inflammation.(ii)Periodontal pathogens can induce the generation of citrullinated neoepitopes,leading to the generation of anti-citrullinated peptide autoantibodies.(iii)Intracellular danger-associated molecular patterns accelerate local and systemic ***,periodontal dysbiosis could promote or sustain bone resorption in distant inflamed ***,in inflammatory conditions,the existence of osteoclasts distinct from“classical osteoclasts”has recently been *** have proinflammatory origins and *** populations of osteoclast precursors have been described in RA,such as classical monocytes,a dendritic cell subtype,and arthritis-associated osteoclastogenic *** aim of this review is to synthesize knowledge on osteoclasts and their precursors in inflammatory conditions,especially in RA and *** attention will be given to recent data related to RA that could be of potential value in periodontitis due to the immunopathogenic similarities between the two *** our understanding of these pathogenic mechanisms should lead to the identification of new therapeutic targets involved in the pathological inflammatory bone resorption associated with these diseases.

关键词： inflammatory osteoclast period

Risk of colorectal cancer in patients with diverticular disease

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2018年第6期9卷 119-122页

作者： Jeremy Meyer Nicolas Christian Buchs Frédéric Ris Division of Digestive Surgery University Hospitals of Geneva

Colorectal cancer constitutes an important burden on the healthcare system. Screening at-risk populations to reduce colorectal cancer-related morbidity and mortality has become part of good clinical practice. However, recommendations regarding subgroups of patients with diverticular disease are subject to controversy. Herein, we review the most recent literature regarding the prevalence of colorectal cancer in patients with diverticular disease, diverticulitis and uncomplicated diverticulitis. The recent literature does not identify diverticular disease as a long-term risk factor for colorectal cancer. However, the risk of colorectal cancer is increased in the short-term period after hospitalization related to diverticular disease. According to a recent systematic review and meta-analysis, the prevalence of colorectal cancer is 1.6% in patients with acute diverticulitis who underwent colonoscopy. The risk of having colorectal cancer after an episode of acute diverticulitis is 44-fold higher than that of an age-and gender-adjusted reference population. Despite lower among patients with uncomplicated episode, the risk of colorectal cancer remains 40-fold higher in that subpopulation than that in the reference population. To conclude, the recent literature describes an increased risk of colorectal cancer among patients with acute diverticulitis compared to the reference population. Colonoscopy is therefore recommended in patients with diverticulitis to exclude colorectal cancer.

关键词： Diverticulosis Diverticulitis Colonoscopy Screening Tumor Risk factor

Analyzing Changes in Maize Leaves Orientation due to GxExM Using an Automatic Method from RGB Images

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Plant Phenomics 2023年第2期5卷 239-252页

作者： Mario Serouart Raul Lopez-Lozano Gaëtan Daubige Maëva Baumont Brigitte Escale Benoit De Solan Frédéric Baret Arvalis Institut du végétal228route de l’aérodrome-CS 4050984914 Avignon Cedex 9France INRAE Avignon UniversitéUMR EMMAHUMT CAPTE228route de l’aérodrome-CS 4050984914 Avignon Cedex 9France Arvalis Ecophysiology21 Chemin de Pau64121 MontardonFrance

The sowing pattern has an important impact on light interception efficiency in maize by determining the spatial distribution of leaves within the *** orientation is an important architectural trait determining maize canopies light *** studies have indicated how maize genotypes may adapt leaves orientation to avoid mutual shading with neighboring plants as a plastic response to intraspecific *** goal of the present study is 2-fold:firstly,to propose and validate an automatic algorithm(Automatic Leaf Azimuth Estimation from Midrib detection[ALAEM])based on leaves midrib detection in vertical red green blue(RGB)images to describe leaves orientation at the canopy level;and secondly,to describe genotypic and environmental differences in leaves orientation in a panel of 5 maize hybrids sowing at 2 densities(6 and 12 plants.m^(−2))and 2 row spacing(0.4 and 0.8 m)over 2 different sites in southern *** ALAEM algorithm was validated against in situ annotations of leaves orientation,showing a satisfactory agreement(root mean square[RMSE]error=0.1,R^(2)=0.35)in the proportion of leaves oriented perpendicular to rows direction across sowing patterns,genotypes,and *** results from ALAEM permitted to identify significant differences in leaves orientation associated to leaves intraspecific *** both experiments,a progressive increase in the proportion of leaves oriented perpendicular to the row is observed when the rectangularity of the sowing pattern increases from 1(6 plants.m^(−2),0.4 m row spacing)towards 8(12 plants.m^(−2),0.8 m row spacing).Significant differences among the 5 cultivars were found,with 2 hybrids exhibiting,systematically,a more plastic behavior with a significantly higher proportion of leaves oriented perpendicularly to avoid overlapping with neighbor plants at high *** in leaves orientation were also found between experiments in a squared sowing pattern(6 plants.m^(−2),0.4 m

关键词： cultivar spacing pattern

A Study of the Microstructure and Properties of Dual-Phase Steels Processed Using A Continuous Galvanizing Line Simulation: The Benefits of Optimized Hot and Cold Rolling and the Addition of Vanadium

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A Study of the Microstructure and Properties of Dual-Phase S...

Mid-infrared hyperchaos of interband cascade lasers

第十届中国钢铁年会暨第六届宝钢学术年会

作者： Yu Gong Anthony J.De ardo Basic Metals Processing Research Institute Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science University of Pittsburgh Centre for Advanced Steels Research Materials Engineering Laboratory Department of Mechanical Engineering P.O Box 4200 FI-90014 University of Oulu

This paper reports recent research into methods of improving the strength and formability of high strength Dual-Phase steels after processing using continuous galvanizing line（CGL） simulations. In this study changes in both composition and processing were explored. The base composition was a low carbon C-Mn-Si steel which would exhibit good spot weldability. To this steel were added two levels of Cr and Mo for strengthening the ferrite and increasing the hardenability of the intercritically formed austenite. Also, these steels were produced with and without the addition of vanadium in an effort to further increase the strength. Since earlier studies revealed a relationship between the nature of the starting cold rolled microstructure and the response to CGL processing, the variables of hot band coiling temperature and level of cold reduction prior to annealing were also studied. Finally, in an effort to increase strength and ductility of both the final sheet（general formability） and the sheared edges of cold punched holes（local formability）, a new thermal path was developed that replaced the conventional GI ferrite-martensite microstructure with a new ferrite-martensite-tempered martensite and retained austenite microstructure. The new microstructure exhibited a somewhat lower strength but much high general and local formabilities. In this paper, both the physical and mechanical metallurgy of these steels and processes will be discussed. This research has shown that simple compositions and processes can result in DP steels with so-called Generation III properties.

关键词： galvanizing high strength dual phase steels vanadium addition hole expansion high ductility

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第1期11卷 69-78页

作者： Yu Deng Zhuo-Fei Fan Bin-Bin Zhao Xing-Guang Wang Shiyuan Zhao Jiagui Wu Frédéric Grillot Cheng Wang School of Information Science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China LTCI Institut Polytechnique de ParisTélécom Paris19 place Marguerite Perey91120 PalaiseauFrance School of Physical Science and Technology Southwest UniversityChongqing 400715China Center for High Technology Materials University of New-Mexico1313 Goddard St SEAlbuquerqueNM 87106USA Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Energy Efficient and Custom AI IC ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China

Chaos in nonlinear dynamical systems is featured with irregular appearance and with high sensitivity to initial ***-infrared light chaos based on semiconductor lasers has been extensively studied and has enabled various ***,we report a fully-developed hyperchaos in the mid-infrared regime,which is produced from interband cascade lasers subject to the external optical *** spectrum analysis demonstrates that the chaos exhibits three positive Lyapunov ***,the chaotic signal covers a broad frequency range up to the GHz level,which is two to three orders of magnitude broader than existed mid-infrared chaos *** interband cascade lasers produce either periodic oscillations or low-frequency fluctuations before bifurcating to *** hyperchaos source is valuable for developing long-reach secure optical communication links and remote chaotic Lidar systems,taking advantage of the high-transmission windows of the atmosphere in the mid-infrared regime.

关键词： chaos chaotic hyperchaos

A New Species of Tsuga(Pinaceae) based on Lignified Wood from the Late Miocene of Central Yunnan, China, and Its Paleoenvironmental Implications

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2015年第5期89卷 1429-1439页

作者： WANG Haobo Olesia V.BONDARENKO Frédéric M.B.JACQUES WANG Yuehua ZHOU Zhekun Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Life Science Yunnan University College of Agriculture and Bioscience Dali University University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Biology and Soil Science Far Eastern Branch Russian Academy of Sciences

A new species, Tsuga nanfengensis ***.（Pinaceae）, is described on the basis of lignified fossil wood from the late Miocene of the Xianfeng Basin, central Yunnan, southwestern *** observation of the fossil wood specimens show the following characteristics： distinct growth rings, absence of resin canals, uniseriate bordered pits in the radial wall of tracheids, ray tracheids and piceoid and cupressoid cross-field *** features indicate similarities to the wood of extant Tsuga canadensis, ***, and *** to the fossil record, Tsuga was present in Xundian County during the *** Tsuga is drought intolerant, preferring wet conditions with no extant species growing naturally in Xundian *** presence of Tsuga in the Miocene of Xundian County indicates a humid climate consistent with previous palaeoclimatic reconstructions showing a wetter and probably shorter dry season in the Miocene, relative to the present ***, the change in the local climate such as increasing aridity through the Miocene might explain the local extinction of Tsuga from central Yunnan.

关键词： Tsuga fossil wood palaeoclimate late Miocene Yunnan