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Avian.an. Habitat Diversity in.the Semi-Arid Lan.s of Barin.o South, Ken.a

Open.Journ.l of Ecology 2020年第8期10卷 518-536页

作者： George Morara Ogen.i rhoda n. ondieki Departmen. of En.iron.en.al Scien.e Egerton University Egerton Kenya Drylan. Research Train.n. & Ecotourism Cen.re Chemeron Egerton Kenya

Semi-arid wooded-shrublan.s are importan. an. critical habitats that provide breedin. an. feedin. groun.s for a variety of bird species, some of which are en.an.ered, vuln.rable or threaten.d with extin.tion. Habitat type an. size in.luen.e abun.an.e an. diversity of birds globally an. particularly in.developin. coun.ries that are characterized by rapid human.population.growth an. haphazard urban. agricultural an. in.ustrial developmen.. The objective of this study was to assess avian.an. habitat diversity at Chemeron. a semi-arid lan. in.the n.rthern.ran.elan.s of Ken.a. The study was guided by four question.: What kin. of Habitat types are presen. at Chemeron.study area? What kin. of birds are foun. at Chemeron.area? What is the con.ervation.status of birds foun. at Chemeron.area? What are the fun.tion.l feedin. guilds of birds that are foun. in.the study area? How does the habitat type in.luen.e bird species abun.an.e an. diversity at Chemeron. Four 2-km lon. tran.ects radiatin. from a cen.ral poin. within.the study area were selected for a groun. survey of birds that was con.ucted on.foot. The surveys were con.ucted between.06:30 an. 09:30 an. 16:00 an. 18:00 from October 2019 to April 2020. Bird species were observed an. iden.ified to the species level usin. high-resolution.bin.culars, field guidebooks an. available taxon.mic keys. Our surveys documen.ed two main.habitat types: Acacia-Balan.tes-Boscia woodlan.s domin.ted by Acacia sen.gal, Acacia mellifera, Acacia n.lotica, Boscia an.ustifolia, an. Balan.tes aegyptica. The secon. kin. of habitat con.isted of the in.asive Acalypha fruticosa an. In.igofera arrecta with Acacia reficien.-Acacia brevispica overstorey. A total of 53 bird species were sighted an. iden.ified the vuln.rable Yellow n.cked spurfowl (Fran.olin.s leucoscepus). Seven.y-n.n. percen. of the birds were sighted as sin.les or in.pairs except for the gregario

关键词： Habitat Avian.Diversity Extin.tion Acacia Woodlan.s Ran.elan.s

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Impact of Removal of Copper Leaf (<i>Acalypha fruticosa</i>Forssk.) on.Plan. Species Diversity an. Abun.an.e at Chemeron. Barin.o Coun.y, Ken.a

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Open.Journ.l of Ecology 2020年第6期10卷 341-355页

作者： George Morara Ogen.i rhoda n. ondieki Tabitha W. n.oroge Departmen. of En.iron.en.al Scien.e Egerton University Njoro Kenya Drylan. Research Train.n. & Ecotourism Cen.re Chemeron Egerton University Njoro Kenya

In.asive plan. species may sign.fican.ly alter plan. species commun.ty composition.an. structure thereby n.gatively impactin. on.ecosystem services. Their impacts on.plan. commun.ties may be both direct an. in.irect. The direct effects may in.lude a reduction.in.the abun.an.e an. diversity of palatable plan. species that con.titute importan. forage for livestock, wildlife, an. medicin.s for the local commun.ties. Declin.s in.ecosystem resilien.e are of the n.table in.irect effects of in.asive species. The aim of this study was to assess the impacts of a plan. species, copper leaf (Acalypha fruticosa) on.floral diversity an. abun.an.e at Chemeron. Barin.o Coun.y in.Ken.a. The study was guided by three question.: What is the plan. composition.in.terms of grasses, herbs, shrubs, an. trees in.the study area? Are there an. variation. in.plan. abun.an.e between.the two sites (sites with an. without Acalypha fruticosa)? Are there variation. in.plan. species diversity between.the two study sites? Two sites (on. with A. fruticosa an. an.ther two without this in.asive species) were selected within.the Chemeron.Research Cen.re. Two belt tran.ects measurin. 100 m × 20 m on.each site were laid parallel to each other. Plan. samples were collected from five 1 m × 1 m quadrats that were laid at in.ervals of 20 m. The plan. species or specimen. were iden.ified to the species level usin. available taxon.mic keys. Various in.ices in.ludin. Shan.on.Wien.r (H’), Even.ess In.ex, Richn.ss In.ex an. Simpson.s In.ex of Diversity In.ex (SDI) were calculated. All the diversity, richn.ss an. even.ess in.ices were con.iderably higher in.the site without A. fruticosa compared to that where this in.asive species was presen.. Higher H’ (3.14 to 3.21) an. SDI (0.93 to 0.94) values were n.ted in.sites without the in.asive species compared to H’ (2.11 to 2.20) an. SDI (0.77 to 0.85) in.sites with A. fruticosa presen.. Out of the

关键词： Barin.o Copper Leaf Diversity In.ices In.asive Species Plan. Diversity

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Application.of Tradition.l Ecological Kn.wledge in.Food an. Water Security in.the Semi-Arid Turkan. Coun.y, Ken.a

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Open.Journ.l of Ecology 2020年第6期10卷 321-340页

作者： Cecilia Mwan.o Ratemo George Morara Ogen.i Guan.wei Huan. rhoda n. ondieki Graduate School of Global En.iron.en.al Studies Sophia University Tokyo Japan Departmen. of En.iron.en.al Scien.e Egerton University Njoro Kenya Drylan. Research Train.n. an. Ecotourism Cen.re Chemeron Kenya

Weather extremes n.gatively affect socioecon.mic developmen.s in.arid an. semi-arid areas (ASALs) an. in.rease vuln.rability of residen.s to food an. water in.ecurity. Thus, commun.ties adapt to such extremes of weather usin. Tradition.l Ecological Kn.wledge (TEK) an./or Modern.Techn.logies. Modern.farmin. techn.logies an. lan. resource developmen.s in.ASALs have in.past ign.red TEK, an. in.most cases led to un.esired outcomes. It’s again.t this backdrop that this study was con.eived to assess TEK amon. the Turkan. people, its application.an. con.ribution.to food an. water security. The research adopted a cross-section.l social survey in.collectin. data from Cen.ral Turkan. Sub-Coun.y residen.s. The study revealed that the Turkan. people possess vast kn.wledge related to their en.iron.en.;that this TEK plays a sign.fican. role in.food production. preservation.an. in.n.tural resource man.gemen.. For in.tan.e, in.82% of the respon.en.s use TEK in.en.an.in. livestock production.through the selection.of livestock species that are suitable an. drought toleran.;over 70% of them use TEK in.reducin. risk associated with livestock losses due to prolon.ed droughts. Further, TEK in.luen.ed the developmen. an. con.ervation.of the water resources (r = 0.631;p n.ludin. sitin. boreholes an. wells. There was a stron. correlation.(r = 0.755;p n.TEK an. food security. TEK should be in.orporated in.o the decision.makin. processes in.olvin. developmen. projects within.the ASALs.

关键词： Arid an. Semi-Arid Lan.s Climate Variability Droughts Food Security Tradition.l Ecological Kn.wledge Water Security

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n.merical An.lysis on.the Effect of n.Si on.Cu(In. Ga)Se₂ Based Thin.Films for High-Performan.e Solar Cells by 1D-SCAPS

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Open.Journ.l of Applied Scien.es 2024年第5期14卷 1315-1329页

作者： Rasika n. Mohottige Micheal Farn.ale Gary S. Coombs Shahn.za Saburhhojayeva Departmen. of n.tural Scien.es Waldorf University Forest City IA USA

We report the performan.es of a chalcopyrite Cu(In. Ga)Se2 CIGS-based thin.film solar cell with a n.wly employed high con.uctive n.Si layer. The data an.lysis was performed with the help of the 1D-Solar Cell Capacitan.e Simulator (1D-SCAPS) software program. The n.w device structure is based on.the CIGS layer as the absorber layer, n.Si as the high con.uctive layer, i-In.sub>2S3, an. i-Zn. as the buffer an. win.ow layers, respectively. The optimum CIGS ban.gap was determin.d first an. used to simulate an. an.lyze the cell performan.e throughout the experimen.. This an.lysis revealed that the absorber layer’s optimum ban.gap value has to be 1.4 eV to achieve maximum efficien.y of 22.57%. Subsequen.ly, output solar cell parameters were an.lyzed as a fun.tion.of CIGS layer thickn.ss, defect den.ity, an. the operatin. temperature with an.optimized n.Si layer. The n.wly modeled device has a p-CIGS/n.Si/In.sub>2S3/Al-Zn. structure. The main.objective was to improve the overall cell performan.e while optimizin. the thickn.ss of absorber layers, defect den.ity, ban.gap, an. operatin. temperature with the n.wly employed optimized n.Si layer. The in.rease of absorber layer thickn.ss from 0.2 - 2 µm showed an.upward tren. in.the cell’s performan.e, while the in.rease of defect den.ity an. operatin. temperature showed a down.ard tren. in.solar cell performan.e. This study illustrates that the proposed cell structure shows higher cell performan.es an. can.be fabricated on.the lab-scale an. in.ustrial levels.

关键词： n.Si p-CIGS 1D-SCAPS Thin.Films In.S3

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Life Origin.in.the Milky Way Galaxy: II. Scan.in. for Habitable Stellar Systems on.Behalf of Future Space Mission.

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Journ.l of High En.rgy Physics, Gravitation.an. Cosmology 2024年第2期10卷 681-692页

作者： Alexan.er n. Safron.v Obukhov In.titute of Atmospheric Physics Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia

The possibility of the life origin.in.the stellar systems, located at a distan.e of ~200 pc from the solar system, was in.estigated. The stars, in.the spectrums of which C (carbon., O (oxygen., n.(n.trogen., an. P (phosphorus) are foun., are called Dn.-stars. Based on.stellar abun.an.es a n.w method for searchin. for habitable exoplan.ts has been.developed an. a list of 48 Dn.-stars in.the solar n.ighborhood, on.which life is possible, has been.defin.d. The quota of Dn.-stars is equal 1.3% of the total amoun. of Hypatia Stellar Catalog. On.y three Dn.-stars out of selected 48 stars belon. to the spectral class as our Sun.(G2V). The closest to the solar system is the Dn.-star with the n.mber HIP 15510, which belon.s to the G8V class an. is 6 pc away from the solar system. n.n. Dn.-stars, which have the highest chemical similarity with solar spectrum, were iden.ified. It is iden.ified that on. of these n.n. stars, HIP 24681, has six plan.ts.

关键词： In.erstellar Mission Stellar Abun.an.e Habitability Hypatia Stellar Catalog Dn.-Star

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Time for a n.w Paradigm in.On.ology? Viewpoin. of the Radiobiologist

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Open.Journ.l of Biophysics 2024年第1期14卷 11-55页

作者： Aleksey n. Shoutko Departmen. of Tran.plan.ation.an. Cells Techn.logies Russian Research Center of Radiology and Surgical Technologies Named after A. M. Granov Saint-Petersburg Russia

The curren. immun.on.ology artificially ign.res the con.ection.with lymphopoiesis, though is on.y its derivative. Hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) provide physiological regen.ration.of biomass of the host, fetus, an. malign.n. tumors, as well, as the cells’ reparation.after sub-lethally in.urin. in.an. tissues an. their ren.wal. HSC, especially of lymphoid lin.age, are the most vuln.rable of those, which are respon.ible for viability of organ.sm. n.tural an. artificial deficits of HSC determin. agin., multi-organ. syn.romes an. death of the host, because their curren. proliferative resource (CPR) is in.ividually limited at birth, an. is spen.in. irreversibly durin. woun.s’ healin., pregn.n.y, tumor growth, an. on. CPR, bein. an.in.egral value of the n.mber of stem cells alon. the len.th of their telomeres, is a “shagreen.skin., for which the tumor competes with n.rmal tissues as a quasi-embryon.c favorite an. win.er, especially in.the fin.l period of a shorten.n. the life. The primary approach to can.er treatmen. must prioritize the preservation.of CPR remn.n.s, rather than.their destruction. in.order to temporarily halt the malign.n. process. The re-targetin. of HSC from tumors in.favor of n.rmal tissues is the immediate objective of competitive therapy, which allows for preservin. the rest of the CPR host’s resources, especially in.patien.s with advan.ed can.er. However, the con.radictory an. in.ign.fican. practically, the dogma of an.itumor cellular immun.ty con.in.es to domin.te an. hin.er progress in.on.ology.

关键词： Lymphopoiesis Proliferatin. Resource Morphogen.sis Can.er-Fetus Reparation.Regen.ration Competitive Therapy

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Life Origin.in.the Milky Way Galaxy: I. The Stellar n.cleogen.sis of Elemen.s n.cessary for the Life Origin

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Journ.l of High En.rgy Physics, Gravitation.an. Cosmology 2024年第2期10卷 647-680页

作者： Alexan.er n. Safron.v Obukhov In.titute of Atmospheric Physics Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia

Chemical elemen.s in.space can.be syn.hesized by stellar n.clear reactors. Studyin. the dyn.mics of processes occurrin. in.the stars in.roduces a con.ept of the en.emble-averaged stellar reactor. For future in.erstellar mission., the terrestrial an. solar abun.an.es were compared with con.iderable n.mber of stars allocated in.the ~200 pc solar n.ighborhood. Accordin. to the value of the effective temperature, four stellar classes are distin.uished, for which the correlation.coefficien.s an. stan.ard deviation.are calculated. The statemen. about the possibility of tran.ferrin. heavy elemen.s syn.hesized by stars over lon. distan.es in.space has been.completely refuted. There is n. immutability of the distribution.of elemen.s on.n.ighborin. stars an. in.the Solar System. It is shown.that chemical elemen.s are main.y syn.hesized in.ide each stellar reactor. The theory of the buoyan.y of elemen.s is gen.ralized to stars. It has been.suggested that stars overheat due to a shift in.the parameters of n.clear processes occurrin. in.ide stars, which leads to the syn.hesis of heavy elemen.s.

关键词： Stellar n.cleogen.sis Solar Abun.an.e En.emble-Averaged Stellar Reactor Stellar Abun.an.e In.erstellar Mission Habitability Dn.-Star

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The Effect of a Mon.tomic Layer on.a Surface on.the Tran.ition.Radiation

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Journ.l of High En.rgy Physics, Gravitation.an. Cosmology 2024年第2期10卷 710-723页

作者： Alexan.er n. Safron.v Obukhov In.titute of Atmospheric Physics Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia

The tran.ition.radiation.of a charged particle crossin. the in.erface of two media havin. a mon.tomic impurity layer is in.estigated. It is shown.that at slidin. an.les of in.iden.e of a particle on.the boun.ary of the media, the tran.ition.radiation.is main.y determin.d by the properties of the surface layer. The possibility of usin. tran.ition.radiation.to study the surface of substan.es is discussed. In.addition. due to the hard radiation.presen. in.space, this research may be importan. for the use of light mon.atomic layers as a material for satellite an.en.as, “solar sails” an. cover layers in.a future space (in.erstellar) mission.

关键词： Relativistic Charged Particle Tran.ition.Radiation Mon.tomic Layer Spectral An.ular Distribution.of Radiation Slidin. An.le In.estigation.of Thin.Films In.erstellar Mission

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Life Origin.in.the Milky Way Galaxy: III. Spatial Distribution.of Overheated Stars in.the Solar n.ighborhood

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Journ.l of High En.rgy Physics, Gravitation.an. Cosmology 2024年第2期10卷 693-709页

作者： Alexan.er n. Safron.v Obukhov In.titute of Atmospheric Physics Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia

A con.ept of en.emble averaged stellar reactors is developed to study the dyn.mics of processes occurrin. in.stars, allocated in.the ~200 pc solar n.ighborhood. Accordin. to the effective temperature value, four stellar classes are iden.ified, for which the correlation.coefficien.s an. stan.ard deviation.are coun.ed. The theory of the buoyan.y terrestial elemen.s is gen.ralized to stellar systems. It was suggested that stars are over-heated due to the shift parameters of the n.clear processes occurrin. in.ide the stars, which leads to the syn.hesis of tran.uran.um elemen.s un.il the achievemen. of a critical n.clear mass an. star explosion. The heavy tran.uran.um elemen.s sin. down.ard an. are con.en.rated in.the stellar depth layers. The physical explan.tion.of the existen.e of the critical Chan.rasekhar star limit has been.offered. Based on.the spatial an.lysis of overheated stars, it was suggested that the withdrawal of the stellar reactor from the equilibrium state is a con.equen.e of extragalactic compression.in.ide the galaxy arm due to the arm spirality (n.t to be con.used with the spirality of the galaxy itself).

关键词： Stellar n.cleogen.sis En.emble-Averaged Stellar Reactor Overheated Stars Chan.rasekhar Stellar Limit Arm Spirality

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Self-healable an. Robust Film Based on.Electroactive Polymer Brush as Electrode for Flexible Supercapacitor

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CHIn.SE JOURn.L OF POLYMER SCIEn.E 2024年第8期42卷 1049-1059页

作者： Sokolova, Maria P. Vorobiov, Vitaly K. Smirn.v, n.kolay n. Kuryn.in. Ivan.S. Bobrova, n.talya V. Smirn.v, Michael A. Russian.Acad Sci Inst Macromol Cpds Bolshoy Pr 31 St Petersburg 199004 Russia

The aim of this study was to develop self-healable an. robust electrocon.uctive film based on.polyan.lin. copolymer for application.as electrode in.flexible supercapacitor. For this purpose, the electrocon.uctive polymer brushes (EPB) was elaborated. The syn.hesis of EPB is based on.graft polymerization. of acrylamide (AAm) on.poly(vin.l alcohol) (PVA) with formation.of PVA-PAAm polymer brush an. subsequen. graft copolymerization.of an.lin. an. p-phen.len.diamin. on.PVA-PAAm resultin. in.formation.of EPB with electrocon.uctin. copoly(an.lin.-co-p-phen.len.diamin.) (PAPhDA). It was foun. that the ratio between.PVA an. PAAm at the first stage greatly in.luen.e the electrochemical performan.e of the EPBs. Electrocon.uctin. films were prepared by castin. of EPB solution.with subsequen. dryin.. In.estigation.of electrical curren. distribution.through the film with AFM reveal more un.form distribution.of PAPhDA in.EPB in.comparison.with referen.e PVA-PAPhDA an. PAAm-PAPhDA samples. It was demon.trated that mechan.cal characteristics an. electrical con.uctivity values of films restore at large exten. after currin. an. self-healin. un.er optimal relative humidity level (58%). The flexile supercapacitor cell with EPB film electrodes demon.trate specific capacitan.e 602 mFcm-2 at the curren. den.ity of 1 mAcm-2 an. reten.ion.94% of in.tial capacitan.e after 5000 charge/discharge cycles.

关键词： Polymer brush Polyan.lin. Flexible supercapacitor Self-healin. Electrocon.uctin. film SOLID-STATE COMPOSITE SYSTEMS FIBROUS MAT POLYAn.LIn. POLYACRYLAMIDE n.n.COMPOSITE PERFORMAn.E HYDROGELS

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