Ticks induce huge production and economic losses in the livestock industry and create serious environmental, animal and human health problems. The study was carried out to characterize tick species and determine the p...
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Ticks induce huge production and economic losses in the livestock industry and create serious environmental, animal and human health problems. The study was carried out to characterize tick species and determine the prevalence of tick infestation and tick-borne diseases in cattle in Cameroon. Tick and blood samples were collected from a total of 742 animals and analyzed to determine the type of tick and haemoparasites using standard procedures. Overall, four tick species namely Amblyomma variegatum (75.09%), Rhipicephalus microplus (19.43%), Rhipicephalus decoloratus (0.88%) and Hyalomma marginatum (0.18%) and six blood disease agents including Anapalasma marginale (11.29%), Ehrlichia ruminantium (3.52%), Babesia bovis (1.32%), Babesia major (0.44%), Anaplasma phagocytophilum (0.29%) and Dermatophilus congolensis (3.37%). Various co-infections were recorded and the predominant associations were Amblyomma variegatum-Rhipicephalus microplus (4.06%) and Amblyomma variegatum-Hyalomma marginatum (0.36%);Anaplasma-Ehrlichia (12%), Anaplasma-Dematophylus (8%), Babesia-Anaplasma-Ehrlichia (14%) and Babesia-Anaplasma-Ehrlichia-Dermato-phylus (5%). Breed, sex, age and locality significantly influenced the rate of tick infestation while locality, breed and age significantly influenced the detection of blood disease agents in the study.
Different concentrations of four metals namely copper, lead, chrome and cadmium were evaluated in crayfish Procambarus clarkii tissues (carapace, flesh) for a six-month period, from March to August 2013 in the Rharb o...
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Different concentrations of four metals namely copper, lead, chrome and cadmium were evaluated in crayfish Procambarus clarkii tissues (carapace, flesh) for a six-month period, from March to August 2013 in the Rharb of Morocco (Lagoon Merja Zerga and Nador canal). The determination of heavy metals was carried using atomic absorption spectroscopy Varian VV20. The results obtained revealed a metal’s contamination of Procambarus clarkii in both sites. Concentrations of heavy metals examined Procambarus clarkii carapace ranged as follows: Merja Zerga (Pb 2.07 - 6.7 μg/g;Cu 2.9 - 9.97 μg/g;Cr 0.89 - 14.22 μg/g dry weight) and Nador canal: (Pb 0.08 - 7.8 μg/g;Cu 3.40 - 9.3 μg/g;Cr 0.87 - 3.5 μg/g dry weight). Concentrations of heavy metals found in flesh were as follows: Merja Zerga (Pb 0.02 - 5.25 μg/g;Cu 9.58 - 23.59 μg/g;Cr 0 - 2.71 μg/g dry weight) and Nador canal (Pb 0.06 - 6.81 μg/g;Cu 9.5 - 37.20 μg/g;Cr 0 - 3.23 μg/g dry weight). The distribution of those metals in Procambarus clarkii shows high levels of contamination for lead, copper and chrome with an absence of cadmium in both sites (Merja Zerga and Nador canal). The concentrations differed in carapace and flesh.
Carbon monoxide (CO) intoxication is one of the most common types of poisoning in the modern world. To better tailor messages and communication needs to the public, a perception survey of CO and his risk was conducted...
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Carbon monoxide (CO) intoxication is one of the most common types of poisoning in the modern world. To better tailor messages and communication needs to the public, a perception survey of CO and his risk was conducted among the population of Rabat-Sale-Zemmour-Zaer. The authors included 400 people in this survey. The demographic characteristics of the respondents consisted of: 85.0% female, 92.9% adults, 29.7% had a high level of education, 49.6% unemployed, 89.5% were home owners and 53.9% lived in apartments. Water heaters were present in the homes of 91.0% of respondents and 6.5% of them used gas. Gas was used as fuel in 45.4% of cases. For water heaters, 20.8% had an exhaust duct, 9.9% were serviced regularly and 47.5% were installed in a well ventilated area. Regarding the media, television was the medium that allowed 73.4% of the CO to know, regardless of age, sex and level of education among the 94.3% of who ever heard of this deadly gas before the survey.
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