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Molecular approach to determine taxonomic status of Septoria *** leaf blotch of Castanea sativa in Hyrcanian forests

Journal of Forestry Research 2017年第4期28卷 661-670页

作者： Hamed Yousefzadeh Abbas Saidi Somayeh Tayebi Davoud Kartoolinejad reza naghdi Department of Forestry Faculty of Natural ResourcesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran Biotechnology Department Faculty of Energy Engineering and New TechnologyShahid Beheshti UniversityTehranIran Department of Arid Land Forestry Faculty of Desert StudiesSemnan UniversitySemnan 35196-45399Iran Department of Engineering of Wood and Paper Industries Faculty of Natural ResourcesSemnan UniversitySemnanIran

Castanea sativa is a valuable tree species in Hyrcanian forests, an evolutionary relict ecosystem whose communities suffer from overexploitation and fungal diseases. In the current study, three species delimitation methods were utilized with ITS regions sequencing to determine the taxonomic status of Septoria causing leaf blotch of C. sativa in Hyrcanian forests. The results indicated that the length of ITS region in the genus Septoria (extracted from GenBank) varied from 650 to 680 bp. There were almost three times more variable sites in ITS1 than in ITS2. The ITS2 secondary structure of Hyrcanian Septoria community had the highest similarity with Septoria castaneicola, except for some differences in helix II and III. Also, Hyrcanian samples had minimum genetic distances with S. castaneicola and maximum with Septoria quercicola. The maximum parsimony method divided the studied Septoria genus into three distinct clades, mostly located in clade I. Clade II consisted entirely of Septoria aciculosa, while clade III contained S. castaneicola as well as Hyrcanian samples.

关键词： Septoria castaneicola Hyrcanian forests ITS secondary structure Forest pathogen Plylogeny of fungi Sweet chestnut Fagaceae

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Damping in a Squeezed Bath and Its Time Evolution through the Complete Class of Gaussian Quasi-Distributions

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Chinese Physics Letters 2014年第7期31卷 20-23页

作者： Mohammad reza Bazrafkan Seyed Mahmoud Ashrafi Fahimeh naghdi Physics Department Faculty of Science Imam Khomeini International University Qazvin Iran

By virtue of the thermo-entangled states representation of the density operator and using the dissipative interaction picture, we solve the master equation of a driven damped harmonic oscillator in a squeezed bath. We show that the essential part of the dynamics can be expressed by the convolution of the initial Wigner function with a special kind of normalized Gaussian in the phase space and relate the dynamics with the change of Gaussian ordering of the density operator.

关键词： HARMONIC oscillators GAUSSIAN distribution QUANTUM entanglement THERMODYNAMICS DAMPING (Mechanics)

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Soil disturbances due to machinery traffic on steep skid trail in the north mountainous forest of Iran

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Journal of Forestry Research 2010年第4期21卷 497-502,525页

作者： Ramin naghdi Iraj Bagheri reza Basiri Department of Forestry Faculty of Natural ResourcesUniversity of Guilan Department of Agricultural Mechanization Engineering Faculty of Agricultural SciencesUniversity of Guilan Department of Forestry Behbahan Higher Educational Complex

A study was conducted to investigate the effects of skid trail slope and traffic levels on soil disturbances at two soil depths （0--10 and 10-20 cm）. The treatments were set at four traffic levels （2, 7, 12 and 20） two slope classes （〈20% and 〉20%） and two soil depths （0-10 and 10-20 cm）. Results show that skidder traffic, longitudinal slope and soil depth have significant effect on soil bulk density in skid trail. Compari- son of average soil bulk density in different traffic levels shows that there are significant differences in average bulk density between different traffic levels and control （p〈0.05）. The average bulk densities in different slopes and soil depths are significantly increased with increase in traffic levels, maximized at 12 passes （p〈0.05）, but there are no significant differences between 12 and 20 passes. The interaction effects between traffic and soil depth are significant （F005,3=0.109, p〈0.001）. For all traffic treatments, there are significant differences in soil moisture con- tent between the two slope classes and the two depths （p〈0.001）. However, the interaction effects between traffic levels and slope classes are not significant （p 〉0.05）, although skidder traffic and slope affected soil moisture content.

关键词： Iranian forest porosity skid trail slope soil compaction soil disturbances

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