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TLR4 is involved in mediating fatal murine pneumonia due to <i>Burkholderia cenocepacia</i>

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Open Journal of Immunology 2011年第3期1卷 97-102页

作者： Viviane Balloy Heidi Nagel reuben Ramphal Mustapha Si-Tahar Michel Chignard 不详

Background: We previously showed that MyD88 knocked out mice were protected from death due to B. cenocepacia pneumonia implying that a toll-like receptor(s) (TLR) was involved in mediating death. The aim of the present study was to determine which TLR(s) was involved in triggering the inflammatory response responsible for the pathogenesis. We specifically focus on the TLRs 4 and 5, as these two receptors are the main ones involved in the recognition of P. aeruginosa, a flagellated Gram-bacterium similar to B. cenocepacia. Methods: Mice were infected intratracheally with a suspension of B. ceno-cepacia. Animals were then observed daily for signs of morbidity. Alternatively, bronchoalveolar lavages (BAL) were collected at different time points to further determine cytokine con-centrations and the number of CFU of B. ceno-cepacia. Results: The data clearly indicate that the innate immune response of the host to B. cenocepacia lung infection was due to TLR4 that senses the pathogen while TLR5 does not do so in vivo. As with the MyD88-/- strain, TLR4-/- mice were protected from death and cytokine and chemokine synthesis to infection were reduced. The only paradoxical observation was the reduced pathogen burden in the case of TLR4-/- mice compared to the enhanced (but transient) pathogen burden observed with MyD88-/- mice, suggesting that another TLR was involved in bacterial clearance. Conclusion: The data clearly demonstrate a deleterious implication of TLR4 in the host to B. cenocepacia lung infection.

关键词： Rodent Bacterial Inflammation Innate Immunity Lung

The ERα/KDM6B regulatory axis modulates osteogenic differentiation in human mesenchymal stem cells

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Bone Research 2022年第1期10卷 95-106页

作者： Zhenqing Liu Hye-Lim Lee Jin Sook Suh Peng Deng Chang-Ryul Lee Olga Bezouglaia Mojan Mirnia Vivian Chen Michael Zhou Zhong-Kai Cui reuben HKim Min Lee Tara Aghaloo Christine Hong Cun-Yu Wang Division of Oral Biology and Medicine School of DentistryUniversity of CaliforniaLos Angeles(UCLA)Los AngelesCA 90095USA Department of Anatomy&Neurobiology University of CaliforniaIrvine(UCI)IrvineCA 92697USA Department of Orofacial Sciences School of DentistryUniversity of CaliforniaSan Francisco(UCSF)San FranciscoCA 94143USA School of Dentistry University of CaliforniaSan Francisco(UCSF)San FranciscoCA 94143USA Division of Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences School of DentistryUniversity of CaliforniaLos Angeles(UCLA)Los AngelesCA 90095USA School of Dentistry University of CaliforniaLos Angeles(UCLA)Los AngelesCA 90095USA Division of Advanced Prosthodontics School of DentistryUniversity of CaliforniaLos Angeles(UCLA)Los AngelesCA 90095USA Division of Constitutive and Regenerative Sciences School of DentistryUniversity of CaliforniaLos Angeles(UCLA)Los AngelesCA 90095USA Department of Bioengineering University of CaliforniaLos Angeles(UCLA)Los AngelesCA 90095USA

Osteoporosis is a highly prevalent public health burden associated with an increased risk of bone fracture, particularly in aging women. Estrogen, an important medicinal component for the preventative and therapeutic treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis, induces osteogenesis by activating the estrogen receptor signaling pathway and upregulating the expression of osteogenic genes, such as bone morphogenetic proteins(BMPs). The epigenetic regulation of estrogen-mediated osteogenesis,however, is still unclear. In this report, we found that estrogen significantly induced the expression of lysine-specific demethylase 6B(KDM6B) and that KDM6B depletion by shRNAs led to a significant reduction in the osteogenic potential of ***, upon estrogen stimulation, estrogen receptor-α(ERα) was recruited to the KDM6B promoter, directly enhancing KDM6B expression. Subsequently, KDM6B was recruited to the BMP2 and HOXC6 promoters, resulting in the removal of H3K27me3 marks and activating the transcription of BMP2 and HOXC6, the master genes of osteogenic differentiation. Furthermore, we found that estrogen enhanced DMSC osteogenesis during calvarial bone regeneration and that estrogen’s pro-osteogenic effect was dependent on KDM6B in vivo. Taken together, our results demonstrate the vital role of the ERα/KDM6B regulatory axis in the epigenetic regulation of the estrogen-dependent osteogenic response.

关键词： expression stimulation ERα

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Characteristics of Lactation Curves of the Kenya Alpine Dairy Goats in Smallholder Farms

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2014年第2期4卷 92-102页

作者： Andrew Gitahi Marete reuben Oyoo Mosi Joshua Oluoch Amimo Joseph Owino Jung’a Department of Animal Production University of Nairobi Nairobi Kenya School of Agriculture Food Security and Biodiversity Bondo University College Bondo Kenya

Lactation curves are a graphical representation of the milk production profile of a doe from parturition to drying up. Their shape provides information about the productivity of the doe and offers a means of explaining features of the milk production patterns of each animal. A total of 2732 daily morning milk records from 610 does of the Kenyan Alpine dairy goats’ genetic groups (50% Alpine, 75% Alpine, 87.5% Alpine and > 87.5% Alpine) and local goats (0% Alpine) kept in small-holder farms were used to evaluate factors affecting milk yield and to examine the characteristics of their lactation curve. A nonlinear mixed model was used to fit the lactation curves to all does simultaneously. The Wood’s (1967) equation was fitted within each genetic group and parity to generate genetic group and parity lactation curves. The mean lactation period was 218 ± 46 days and the model accounted for 88% of the total variation. Significant differences (P 87.5% Alpine genetic groups respectively. Genetic group did not significantly affect rate of increase to peak yield (P > 0.05) and rate of decline from peak (P > 0.05) or persistency (P > 0.05). Parity significantly affected rate of increase to peak, rate of decrease from peak and persistency (P < 0.01). The month of kidding significantly affected the rate of increase to peak (P < 0.05) and persistency, but not rate of decrease from peak. The synchronization of breeding with season has a practical implication for the maximization of lactation yield when considered in combination with other biological and economic constraints. The superior production of the pedigree animals supports the development of composite breed types in Kenya to take advantage of the fitness of indigenous breeds, the productivity of imported dairy breeds, heterosis, and the potential for selection within the composite to improve productivity in later generations.

关键词： Kenya Alpine Dairy Goat Lactation Curve Smallholder Farms

The heterogeneity-diversity-system performance nexus

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National Science Review 2023年第7期10卷 251-260页

作者： Nico Eisenhauer Gerrit Angst Ana E.B.Asato Rémy Beugnon Elisabeth B?nisch Simone Cesarz Peter Dietrich Stephanie D.Jurburg Anna-Maria Madaj Rine C.reuben Christian Ristok Marie Sünnemann Huimin Yi Carlos A.Guerra Jes Hines German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig Institute of Biology Leipzig University Institute of Soil Biology and Biogeochemistry Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences Leipzig Institute for Meteorology Universit?t Leipzig CEFE Univ Montpellier CNRS EPHE IRD Department of Environmental Microbiology Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ

Ever-growing human population and nutritional demands,supply chain disruptions,and advancing climate change have led to the re alization that changes in diversity and system performance are intimately ***,diversity and system performance depend on *** changes in system performance and promoting sustainable living conditions requires transformative ***,we introduce the heterogeneity-diversity-system performance(HDP) nexus as the conceptual basis upon which to formulate transformative *** suggest that managing the heterogeneity of systems will best allow diversity to provide multiple benefits to *** on ecological theory,we pose that the HDP nexus is broadly applicable across systems,disciplines,and sectors,and should thus be considered in future decision making as a way to have a more sustainable global future.

关键词： heterogeneity diversity biodiversity-ecosystem functioning global change homogenization

Economic Viability of Smallholder Agroforestry and Beekeeping Projects in Uluguru Mountains, Tanzania: A Cost Benefit Analysis

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Open Journal of Forestry 2021年第2期11卷 83-107页

作者： Willickister R. Kadigi Yonika M. Ngaga reuben M. J. Kadigi Department of Forest and Environmental Economics College of Forestry Wildlife and Tourism Sokoine University of Agriculture CHUO KIKUU Morogoro Tanzania epartment of Forest and Environmental Economics College of Forestry Wildlife and Tourism Sokoine University of Agriculture CHUO KIKUU Morogoro Tanzania Department of Food and Resource Economics School of Agricultural Economics and Business Studies CHUO KIKUU Morogoro Tanzania

Agroforestry and beekeeping are widely promoted as prospective Nature- Based Income Generating Activities (NIGAs) to improve livelihoods while at the same time enhancing biodiversity conservation in degrading agro-ecologies. These activities can diversify and increase famers’ incomes and support instinctive biota and fauna resilience. However, evidence to showcase and compare their long-term benefits is scant. We use the case of Uluguru Mountains in Tanzania to evaluate and compare viability of agroforestry and beekeeping projects using the Cost Benefit Analysis (CBA) approach. The results of analysis yielded positive NPVs for both agroforestry and beekeeping projects at discount rates not higher than 8.2% and 8.5% respectively. Overall, the comparison of economic viability between agroforestry and beekeeping projects revealed that the former was relatively more profitable than the later in terms of both the NPV and Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) criteria. However, the Internal Rate of Return (IRR) for beekeeping was slightly higher than that of agroforestry. Yet, we underscore the fact that these two projects can jointly be implemented to enhance livelihoods of farmers and support biodiversity conservation in the study

关键词： Uluguru Mountains Uluguru Forestry Reserve Cost Benefit Analysis Net Present Values Benefit Cost Ratios Nature-Based Income Generating Activities

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智能购物应用中的存储器

中国集成电路 2017年第12期26卷 33-35页

作者： reuben George Cypress公司

当今,物联网（IoT）已对所有行业产生了影响,而且有望到2020年成为一个1.7万亿美元的市场。IoT领域建立在云计算以及由移动、虚拟和即时连接搭建的数据采集传感器网络的基础之上。行业专家认为,它将让我们生活中的一切变得更加＂智能＂... 详细信息

当今,物联网（IoT）已对所有行业产生了影响,而且有望到2020年成为一个1.7万亿美元的市场。IoT领域建立在云计算以及由移动、虚拟和即时连接搭建的数据采集传感器网络的基础之上。行业专家认为,它将让我们生活中的一切变得更加＂智能＂。IoT已经渗透至各行各业：从工厂自动化到点播娱乐和可穿戴设备。但在大多数情况下,这个庞大的智能设备互联系统在改变我们的工作方式方面还未充分发挥其全部潜能。

关键词：存储器低功耗微控制器深度睡眠存取时间 POS

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环绕声录音技术在赞比亚民族音乐田野录音中的应用

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环绕声录音技术在赞比亚民族音乐田野录音中的应用

作者：迟清（reuben Chita）南京艺术学院

学位级别：硕士

这项研究是对5.1环绕声录音技术在赞比亚民间音乐现场表演录音中的应用研究。第一章是对赞比亚传统音乐的起源和音乐表演特征的分析,以定义赞比亚传统音乐。然后,对赞比亚传统的Djembe鼓和融入赞比亚传统音乐的西方乐器进行了声学分析... 详细信息

这项研究是对5.1环绕声录音技术在赞比亚民间音乐现场表演录音中的应用研究。第一章是对赞比亚传统音乐的起源和音乐表演特征的分析,以定义赞比亚传统音乐。然后,对赞比亚传统的Djembe鼓和融入赞比亚传统音乐的西方乐器进行了声学分析。要注意的是,这是可以应用于许多其他赞比亚传统乐器的例子。第二章阐述了对录音方案的设计。方案设计分为四个部分,从制式设计,空间设计,麦克风选择到麦克风系统设计。第三章是最后一章,阐述了后期制作过程,该过程分为三个部分,音频文件处理,音乐性处理和声场处理。

关键词：赞比亚民族音乐录音技术 5.1环绕声

Effects of Organic Substrates on Development and Survival of Blattela germanica for Food and Feed in Kenya

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2022年第3期12卷 484-492页

作者： Victor Muhumbwa Ngaira reuben Oyoo Mosi Caroline Celine Wambui Francis Obuoro Wayua Ann Mumbi Wachira Department of Plant Animal and Food Sciences Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology Bondo Kenya Department of Animal & Fisheries Sciences Maseno University Maseno Kenya Non Ruminant Research Institute Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization Kakamega Kenya

Entomophagy has gained popularity as a novel approach to addressing food and nutrition insecurity, particularly in sub-tropical and tropical countries. Cockroaches, for example, have the potential to alleviate nutritional deficiencies, as well as the erratic supply of protein in feeds. They can also be reared on locally available organic substrates. This study investigated growth performance and survival of german cockroach (Blattella germanica) reared on locally available organic matter substrates as treatments;spent brewers’ grain (Treatment A), Treatment B consisting of (40%: wheat bran: 40% spent brewers’ grain: 20% Caridina nilotica), wheat bran (Treatment C), and C. nilotica (Treatment D) and in a completely randomised design (CRD). Each treatment was replicated four times, while in each replicate 20 - 30 nymphs were reared for forty-two days. Feed intake for all the treatments was not significantly different. There was a significant difference (P 0.05) in mature weight, average daily weight gain, live weight, and survival during rearing period. Cockroach performed well on treatment B and recorded highest mature weight, overall performance index, survival was 90.25 mg, 197.35, 96%. The least perfomance was reported in Treatment C;1.78, 83, 143.17 and 72.5 for average growth rate, survival, overall perfomance and mature weight respectively. B. Based on these findings, a single feed as used in this study was inferior to the composite (Treatment B) in all parameters of growth performance and survival. The composite diet (Treatment B) could be suitable substrate for mass production of B. germanica for feed and food.

关键词： Cockroach Feed Intake Growth Rate

Hepatitis C treatment with triple therapy in a patient with hemophilia A

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2013年第3期1卷 106-107页

作者： Gurshawn Singh reuben Sass Rayan Alamiry Nizar Zein Naim Alkhouri Department of Internal Medicine Cleveland Clinic FoundationClevelandOH 44195United States Digestive Disease Institute Cleveland Clinic FoundationClevelandOH 44195United States

We report a case of successful treatment of chronic hepatitis C infection with telaprevir-based triple therapy in a patient with hemophilia A complicated by factor Ⅷ inhibitor. A twenty-two years old male with hereditary hemophilia A and high-titer factor Ⅷ inhibitor was taking maintenance doses of recombinant factor Ⅷ. He visited our clinic for treatment of his chronic hepatitis C with the newly instituted protease inhibitor based therapy. He was diagnosed with hepatitis C genotype 1a at one year of age. He was initiated on telaprevir, ribavirin and peg-interferon for treatment of hepatitis C and qualified for response-guided therapy. He completed treatment at 24 wk with minimal adverse effects. Notably, after 4 wk of hepatitis C treatment, his factor Ⅷ inhibitor screen was negative and the dose for recombinant factor Ⅷ decreased by half of the initial dosing before he was treated for hepatitis C. We suspect that suppressing hepatitis C may help decrease factor Ⅷ inhibitor level and the need for recombinant factor Ⅷ.

关键词： Hepatitis C virus Hemophilia FactorⅧ Telaprevir FactorⅧinhibitor Protease inhibitor