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Toxicokinetics and the related metabolites in rainbow trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss) after exposure to decabromodiphenyl ether

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Science china Chemistry 2010年第11期53卷 2379-2386页

作者： FENG ChengLian,XU YiPing,ZHA JinMiao,LUO Qian,SHAN XiaoQuan & WANG ZiJian State Key Laboratory of environmental Aquatic Chemistry research center for {3.-environmental sciences,chinese academy of sciences,Beijing 100085,china 1. State Key Laboratory of environmental Aquatic Chemistry research center for eco-{3.al sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China

Decabromodiphenyl ether(BDE209) is poorly absorbed by mammals,and little information is available on the toxicokinetics of BDE209 and its metabolites in *** the present study,rainbow trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss) were administered to 100 ng/g and 500 ng/g body wet weight of BDE209 via a single intraperitoneal injection and parent BDE209 and its metabolites were sequentially monitored for 28 *** results showed that toxicokinetic profiles of BDE209 could be described by the one-compartment *** the higher dose group(500 ng/g wet weight),the calculated half-life(t1/2) and elimination rate(ke) were 17.7 d and 0.03./d in the liver,and 100.3.d and 0.007/d in the muscle,*** major methoxylated brominated diphenyl ethers(MeO-BDEs) were detected with 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromo-5-methoxydiphenyl ether(5-MeO-BDE47) being detected in all tissue *** was no significant temporal change of 5-MeO-BDE47 concentration in the muscle,whereas an exponential increase was observed in the ***,the metabolism rate of BDE209 depended on the administered ***209 was hardly accumulated in the muscle of rainbow trout,while the liver was a primary metabolic ***-BDEs were formed via metabolism of BDE209,which probably played a significant role in fish toxicology as a potential indicator.

关键词： decabromodiphenyl ether(BDE209) polybrominated diphenyl ethers(PBDEs) methoxylated brominated diphenyl ethers(MeO-BDEs) toxicokinetics rainbow trout

Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium recycling in an agroforestry ecosystem of Huanghuaihai Plain: with Paulownia elongata intercropped wheat and maize as an example

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Journal of environmental sciences 1998年第2期10卷 62-69页

作者： Wu Gang Department of Systems ecology,research center for eco environmental sciences, chinese academy of sciences,Beijing 100085,china

The studies show that in the whole community, P is deficient, and N and K are basically balanced. N, P and K are accumulated in plant tissues and litters, but depleted in soil. N and P contents in surface soil(0—20 cm) are the main factors affecting crop growth, and P contents in 20 80 cm soil layer is the major affecting Paulownia elongata growth. The absorption coefficients of N, P and K in the communities are 0 078, 0 014 and 0 052 respectively, their utilization coefficients are 0 95, 0 90 and 0 94, and the recycling coefficients are 0 042, 0 05 and 0 063.respectively.

关键词： nitrogen phosphorus, potassium recycling agroforestry ecosystem.

research on the multi-level intake water temperature effect of the Yalong River Jinping-I hydropower project

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Science china(Technological sciences) 2011年第S1期54卷 125-132页

作者： WU ShiYong 1,CAO Wei 1,WANG HongMei 1,SUN ShuangKe 2 &CHEN QiuWen 3.1 Ertan Hydropower Development Company,Ltd.,Chengdu 610051,china 2 china Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower research,Beijing 10003.,china 3.research center for eco-environmental sciences,chinese academy of sciences,Beijing 100085,china 1. Ertan Hydropower Development Company Ltd. Chengdu 610051 China2. China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research Beijing 100038 China3. Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China

Based on the discussion of the multi-level intake application status of high dam reservoir,this paper takes the Jinping-I hydropower project reservoir in the Yalong River as an example,which is shaped by the highest 3.5 m high arch dam,and carries out the forecasting research on the reservoir temperature by numerical simulation and physical model *** paper studies the intake effect of withdrawing the surface warm water by the stoplog gates inlets and verifies the reliability of the mathematical model by comparative *** results show that for a high dam hydropower station,taking the appropriate multi-level intake measure can withdraw the surface warm water in the spawning season and provide a favorable environment for the fish *** technical ideas and implementation scheme are adopted in this *** can provide technical reference for the solutions of similar problems in the future and it also has important engineering significance on the research of water temperature in large deep reservoirs.

关键词： water temperature multi-level intake Jinping-I hydropower project

Debrominated and methoxylated polybrominated diphenyl ether metabolites in rainbow trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss) after exposure to decabromodiphenyl ether

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Journal of environmental sciences 2010年第9期22卷 1425-1434页

作者： Chenglian Feng,Yiping Xu,Yue He,Qian Luo,Jinmiao Zha,Zijian Wang State Key Laboratory of environmental Aquatic Chemistry,research center for {3.-environmental sciences,chinese academy of sciences,Beijing 100085,china. [a] State Key Laboratory of environmental Aquatic Chemistry Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China

Decabromodiphenyl ether （BDE209） is the primary component in a commonly used flame retardant. Previous studies had proved that BDE209 itself was not toxic, while its metabolites including debrominated diphenyl ethers （De-BDEs） and methoxylated brominated diphenyl ethers （MeO-BDEs） posed a potential threat to organisms. Many studies had indicated that BDE209 could metabolize quickly in mammals, but lacking in the basic data about the metabolism of BDE209 in fish. In the present study, two replicate treatment groups of rainbow trout （Oncorhynchus rnykiss） were exposed to BDE209 via a single intraperitoneal injection approximately 100 and 500 ng/g, respectively. Muscle, liver and blood samples were collected to analyze the specific metabolites on day 1 and day 28 post injection. The highest concentration of BDE209 was detected in muscle tissues, from 796.1 ng/g wet weight （day 1） to 687.1 ng/g wet weight （day 28） in high dose group, suggesting that BDE209 could accumulate slightly in muscle tissues. However, BDE209 was not detected in the blood for all treatments. Most congeners of De-BDEs were found in muscle and liver tissues, with the highest concentration in the liver. The main De-BDEs were nona-, octa-, hepta- and penta-De-BDEs. A total of seven MeO-BDE metabolites were observed among different fish tissues. Blood had the highest contribution of the MeO-BDE metabolites. Each MeO-BDE congener increased over the 28 days. These results in contrast to other studies suggested possible species-specific differences in metabolic abilities.

关键词： decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE209) methoxylated brominated diphenyl ethers (MeO-BDEs) debrominated diphenyl ethers (De-BDEs) rainbow trout

Estimation of forest volumes by integrating Landsat TM imagery and forest inventory data

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Science china(Technological sciences) 2006年第z1期49卷 54-62页

作者： GU Huiyan, DAI Limin, WU Gang, XU Dong, WANG Shunzhong &WANG Hui Institute of Applied ecology, chinese academy of sciences, Shenyang 110016, china School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, china State Key Lab of Systems ecology, research center for eco-environmental sciences, chinese academy of sciences, Beijing 100085, china Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences, Beijing 10003., china 1. Institute of Applied ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang 110016 China 2. School of Forestry Northeast Forestry University Harbin 150040 China 3. State Key Lab of Systems ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China 4. Graduate University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100039 China

Accurate information about forest volumes is essential for forest management planning. The survey interval of the Forest Resource Inventory of china (FRIC) is too long to meet the demand for timely decision-making required for forest protection, management, and utilization. Analysis of satellite imagery provides good potential for more frequent reporting of forest parameters. In this study, we describe an application of the k-nearest neighbors (kNN) method to Landsat TM imagery for improving estimation of forest volumes. Several spectral features were tested and compared in forest volume estimations, including normalized difference vegetation index, environmental vegetation index, and the combination of the spectral features. The combined index resulted in the most accurate volume estimations. The kNN estimator and the combined index were then used in forest volume estimation. The estimation error (RMSE) of the total volume was44.2%, much lower than those for Larix forest (the RMSE was 51.7%) and those for the Korean pine and broadleaved forests (the estimation errors were over 71.7% and 88.19%,respectively). This preliminary study demonstrates the potential of forest volume estimations with remote sensing data to provide useful information for forest management if only limited ground information is available.

关键词： forest inventory, landsat TM, k-nearest neighbors, spectral extraction.

Soil carbon pool in china and its global significance

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Journal of environmental sciences 1996年第2期8卷 249-254页

作者： Fang Jingyun, Liu Guohua, Xu Songling(research center for eco-{3.al Science, chineseacademy of sciences, Beijing 100085, china) Res. Ctr. for eco-Environ. Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China

Soil organic carbon density and its related characteristics of 41 soil types all over china were analyzed by using data of 745 soil profiles , and size of soil carbon pool was estimated. As a result, area-weighted averages of these 41 soil types for bulk density, profile depth, organic carbon content and profile carbon were 1. 24 tC/m3. 86. 2 cm, 3. 04% and 19. 7 kg C/m2 respectively. Total size of soil carbon pool was 185. 68 × 1009tC, which is 29 times of that in terrestrial biomass of china and 12. 6% of global soil carbon pools. Because of its huge carbon pool, soil of china plays an important role in global carbon cycle.

关键词： china global climate change soil carbon content soil carbon pool soil type.

Treatment of a dyeing wastewater from a woolen mill using an A/O membrane bio-reactor

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Journal of environmental sciences 2000年第3期12卷 344-348页

作者： FAN Yao\|bo, WANG Ju\|si, JIANG Zhao\|chun, CHEN Mei\|xue, XU Kun, JIA Zhi\|ping (research center for eco-{3.al sciences, chinese academy of sciences, Beijing 100085, china) 中科院生态环境研究中心北京 1 0 0 0 85

An anaerobic/oxic membrane bioreactor (A/O MBR) was used for treatment of dyeing wastewater from a woolen mill. COD and color of the wastewater were 54—473.mg/L and 40—400 dilution time (DT) respectively. The ratio of BOD 5/COD was less than 0.13. By the A/O MBR process, the average removal of COD, BOD 5, color and turbidity was 82%, 96%, 71% and 99%, respectively. The average COD, BOD 5, color and turbidity of effluent was 3. mg/L, 0.8 mg/L, 40 DT and 0.44 NUT respectively. The effluent COD met the local standard of reuse water in Beijing, china. The average COD volume load of the anaerobic biological tank was 0.0483.kgCOD/(m 3.d) and that of the aeration tank of the MBR was 0.3.89 kgCOD/(m 3.d). The sludge load of the MBR was 0.19 kgCOD/(kg·MLSS·d) on average and the maximum of that was 0.4 kgCOD/(kg·MLSS·d). The flux of the A/O membrane bioreactor could be remained at larger than 50 L/(h·m 2·0.1MPa). The results indicated that A/O membrane bioreactor has technical feasibility for treatment of woolen mill wastewater.

关键词： membrane bioreactor dyeing wastewater biological process membrane technology activated sludge

Application of landscape connectivity in habitat suitability evaluation——case study in Wolong Nature Reserve,Sichuan,china

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Journal of environmental sciences 1999年第2期11卷 94-99页

作者： Chen Li ding, Fu Bo jie research center for eco {3.al sciences, chinese academy of sciences, Beijng 100085, china

Landscape connectivity is a parameter of landscape function, which measures the processes by which the sub populations of organisms are interconnected into a functional demographic unit. It is a landscape phenomenon which describes the relationships between landscape subunits. Landscape connectivity can be measured by measuring the degree to which the landscape pattern facilitates or impedes movement of animals among resource patches, particularly for conserved animal species. In this paper, the landscape connectivity for Giant Panda in Wolong Nature Reserve was evaluated by using landscape ecological model on the base of choosing three natural affecting factors on Giant Panda and using geographic information system. The results demonstrate that only about 90 3. km 2 (c.a.4 47%) of total area 2023. 3. km 2 is most suitable for Giant Panda survival, the suitable area is about 226 42 km 2 (11 19%), the moderately suitable area is 286 09 km 2 (14 13.), as much as 123. 51 km 2 is completely unsuitable for Giant Panda living. The result will be helpful for making a decision on improving eco environment and protecting Giant Panda in Wolong Nature Reserve.

关键词： landscape connectivity habitat suitability evaluation GIS application.

Comparison of degradation reactions of Acid Yellow 61 in both oxidation processes of H_2O_2/UV and O_3

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Journal of environmental sciences 2001年第3期13卷 304-310页

作者： WANG Yi zhong 1, A.Yedeler 2, A. Kettrup 2(1 research center for eco {3.al sciences, chinese academy of sciences, Beijing 100085, china 2 GSF Institute of ecological Chemistry, Neuherberg, Postfach 1129, 85758 Neuherberg, Germany) research center for eco-{3.al sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China.

The comparison of degradation of Acid Yellow 61 as a model dye compound in both oxidation processes of H 2O 2/UV and O 3.has been studied. When the decolorization rate of Acid Yellow 61 in both reactions presented similar, it was found there are some differences from the results of AOX removal and production of inorganic ions and organic acids. The results reveal that the H 2O 2/UV has beneficial effect on mineralization than O 3.only for degradation of Acid Yellow 61 solution and it is possible for enhancement of method efficiency by taking longer reaction time and addition of high concentration of oxidants.

关键词： oxidation process H 2O 2/UV O 3 dye compound