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Long-term trends in the abundance and breeding performance in Adélie penguins:the Argentine Ecosystem Monitoring Program

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Advances in Polar Science 2024年第1期35卷 132-140页

作者： Mariana A.JUÁres.AnahíM.SILVESTRO Brenda C.ALFONSO M.Mercedes SANTOS Departamento Biología de Predadores.Tope Instituto Antártico Argentino(IAA)Buenos Aires B1650CSPArgentina Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas(CONICET) Buenos Aires C1425FQBArgentina Laboratorios Anexos Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y MuseoUniversidad Nacional de La PlataLa Plata B1904AMAArgentina INEDES(CONICET-UNLu) Buenos Aires C1425FQBArgentina Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo Universidad Nacional de La PlataLa Plata B1900FWAArgentina Instituto Antártico Argentino(IAA) Buenos Aires B1650CSPArgentina

In this work,we report long-term trends in the abundance and breeding performance of Adélie penguins(Pygoscelis adeliae)nesting in three Antarctic colonies(i.e.,at Martin Point,South Orkneys Islands;Stranger Point/Cabo Funes,South Shetland Islands;and Esperanza/Hope Bay in the Antarctic Peninsula)from 1995/96 to 2022/*** yearly count data of breeding groups selected,we observed a decline in the number of breeding pairs and chicks in crèche at all colonies ***,the magnitude of change was higher at Stranger Point than that in the remaining ***,the index of breeding success,which was calculated as the ratio of chicks in crèche to breeding pairs,exhibited no apparent trend throughout the study ***,it displayed greater variability at Martin Point compared to the other two colonies under *** the number of chicks in crèche of Adélie penguins showed a declining pattern,the average breeding performance was similar to that reported in gentoo penguin colonies,specifically,those undergoing a population increase(even in sympatric colonies facing similar local conditions).Consequently,it is plausible to assume a reduction of the over-winter survival as a likely cause of the declining trend observed,at least in the Stranger Point and Esperanza ***,we cannot rule out local effects during the breeding season affecting the Adélie population of Martin Point.

关键词： long-term monitoring Adélie penguin breeding pairs chicks crèched breeding success population trends

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How Music Intervention Lowered Participants’ Morning Cortisol—Qualitative Case Stories

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Case Reports in Clinical Medicine 2024年第6期13卷 193-206页

作者： Töres.Theorell Gabriella Engstrom Azita Emami Division of Global Health Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden Stres. res.arch Institute Department of Psychology Stockholm University Stockholm Sweden School of Health and Welfare Dalarna University Falun Sweden Division of Occupational Therapy Department of Neurobiology Care Sciences and Society Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden Yale School of Nursing Yale University New Haven CT USA

Non-pharmacological interventions for improved home care of persons with dementia and their family caregiver are and will be increasingly important for society. A music intervention study was performed on persons with persons with dementia and family caregiver. The persons with dementia and family caregiver were instructed to choose a daily routine for joint listening to recorded music. They selected the music they were interes.ed in from a menu. The intervention period lasted for two months. Both persons with dementia and family caregiver provided daily saliva samples for the assessment of stres.-related steroid hormones. In previous reports we have reported that the morning cortisol levels decreased significantly among the family caregiver when the intervention group was compared to a control group. In the pres.nt study we report narratives from four dyads, two of whom with beneficial effects of the music intervention, one dyad with no clear beneficial effects and one dyad with mixed res.lts. The narratives illustrate the strong cohesive effect that the joint music listening could have, leading to improved social functioning paralleled by decreased morning cortisol levels particularly in the family caregiver. The narratives also illustrate reasons for failed effects.

关键词： Dementia Family Caregivers Music Stres. Saliva Morning Cortisol

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Optimizing laser coupling,matter heating,and particle acceleration from solids using multiplexed ultraintense lasers

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第4期9卷 16-28页

作者： Weipeng Yao Motoaki Nakatsutsumi Sébastien Buffechoux Patrizio Antici Marco Borghesi Andrea Ciardi Sophia N.Chen Emmanuel d’Humières.Laurent Gremillet Robert Heathcote Vojtech Horny Paul McKenna Mark N.Quinn Lorenzo Romagnani Ryan Royle Gianluca Sarri Yasuhiko Sentoku Hans-Peter Schlenvoigt Toma Toncian Olivier Tres.a Laura Vassura Oswald Willi Julien Fuchs LULI-CNRS CEASorbonne UniversitéEcole PolytechniqueInstitut Polytechnique de ParisF-91128 Palaiseau CedexFrance Sorbonne Université Observatoire de ParisUniversité PSLCNRSLERMAF-75005 ParisFrance INRS-EMT 1650 BoulLionel-BouletVarennesQuebec J3X 1S2Canada Center for Plasma Physics School of Mathematics and PhysicsQueen’s University BelfastBelfast BT71NNUnited Kingdom “Horia Hulubei”National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering 30 Reactorului StreetRO-077125 Bucharest-MagureleRomania University of Bordeaux Centre Lasers Intenses et ApplicationsCNRSCEAUMR 5107F-33405 TalenceFrance CEA DAMDIFF-91297 ArpajonFrance Université Paris-Saclay CEALMCE91680 Bruyères-le-ChatelFrance Central Laser Facility STFC Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryDidcotUnited Kingdom SUPA Department of PhysicsUniversity of StrathclydeGlasgow G40NGUnited Kingdom Department of Physics University of NevadaRenoNevada 89557USA Institute of Laser Engineering Osaka University2-6 YamadaokaSuitaOsaka 565-0871Japan Institut fur Laser und Plasmaphysik Heinrich Heine Universitat DusseldorfDusseldorfGermany

Realizing the full potential of ultrahigh-intensity lasers for particle and radiation generation will require multi-beam arrangements due to technology ***,we investigate how to optimize their coupling with solid ***,we show that overlapping two intense lasers in a mirror-like configuration onto a solid with a large preplasma can greatly improve the generation of hot electrons at the target front and ion acceleration at the target *** underlying mechanisms are analyzed through multidimensional particle-in-cell simulations,revealing that the self-induced magnetic fields driven by the two laser beams at the target front are susceptible to reconnection,which is one possible mechanism to boost electron *** addition,the res.stive magnetic field generated during the transport of the hot electrons in the target bulk tends to improve their *** simulations also indicate that such effects can be further enhanced by overlapping more than two laser beams.

关键词： laser acceleration particle

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Experimental res.arch on Sewage Outfall Diffusers

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China Ocean Engineering 1995年第2期10卷 215-222页

作者： Jiang Chuanfeng , Yan Zhongmin , Zhou Chuntian and Liu Mingming Professor, res. Inst. of Water res.urces and Hydro-Electric Power, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024 Senior Engineer, res. Inst. of Water res.urces and Hydro-Electric Power, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024 Engineer, res. Inst. of Water res.urces and Hydro-Electric Power, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024

The influence of diffuser parameters, including the riser spacing, port number in a riser, injection angle, port arrangement, etc., on the surface initial dilution is experimentally investigated. The relative density difference between the effluent and the sea water in the model is the same as that in the prototype, and the effect of the cross current is simulated by an inverse model technique. Based on the res.lt analysis, the arrangement with more ports in a riser and larger riser spacing is suggested to save construction cost. The relationship between the Reynolds number based on the port diameter and velocity, and the surface initial dilution is also explored, and the critical Reynolds number is proposed.

关键词： sewage diffuser model test

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Experimental measurements of gamma-photon production and estimation of electron/positron production on the PETAL laser facility

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2024年第5期9卷 32-47页

作者： F.Brun L.Ribotte G.Boutoux X.Davoine P.E.Masson-Laborde Y.Sentoku N.Iwata N.Blanchot D.Batani I.Lantuéjoul L.Lecherbourg B.Rosse C.Rousseaux B.Vauzour D.Raffestin E.D’Humières.X.Ribeyre Centre Lasers Intenses et Applications UMR 5107Universitéde Bordeaux-CNRS-CEA33405 TalenceFrance CEA DAMCESTAF-33116 Le BarpFrance CEA DAMDIFF-91297 ArpajonFrance CEA LMCEUniversitéParis-Saclay91680 Bruyères-le-ChâtelFrance Institute of Laser Engineering Osaka University2-6 YamadaokaSuitaOsaka 565-0871Japan

This article reports the first measurements of high-energy photons produced with the high-intensity PETawatt Aquitaine Laser(PETAL)*** experiments were performed during the commissioning of the *** laser had an energy of about 400 J,an intensity of 8×10^(18)W cm^(−2),and a pulse duration of 660 fs(FWHM).It was shot at a 2 mm-thick solid tungsten *** high-energy photons were produced mainly from the bremsstrahlung process for relativistic electrons accelerated inside a plasma generated on the front side of the *** paper reports measurements of electrons,protons and *** electrons up to35 MeV with a few-MeV temperature were recorded by a spectrometer,called SESAME(SpectreÉlectronS Angulaire MoyenneÉnergie).K-and L-shells were clearly detected by a photon spectrometer called SPECTIX(Spectromètre PetalàCristal en TransmIssion pour le rayonnnement X).High-energy photons were diagnosed by CRACC-X(Cassette de RAdiographie Centre Chambre-rayonnement X),a bremsstrahlung *** cannon analysis is strongly dependent on the hypothesis adopted for the spectral *** shapes can exhibit similar reproductions of the experimental *** eliminate dependence on the shape hypothesis and to facilitate analysis of the data,simulations of the interaction were *** model the mechanisms involved,a simulation chain including hydrodynamic,particle-in-cell,and Monte Carlo simulations was *** simulations model the preplasma generated at the front of the target by the PETAL laser prepulse,the acceleration of electrons inside the plasma,the generation of MeV-range photons from these electrons,and the res.onse of the detector impacted by the energetic photon *** this work enabled reproduction of the experimental *** high-energy photons produced have a large emission angle and an exponential distribution *** addition to the analysis of the photon spectra,positron production was also ***,if high

关键词： process positron hypothesis

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Expectations and Level of Satisfaction of the Patient with Parkinson’s Disease Undergoing Deep Brain Stimulation Surgery at the National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery

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Advances in Parkinson's Disease 2024年第1期13卷 1-7页

作者： Paola Bazán-Rodríguez Eduardo Ichikawa-Escamilla Etienne res.ndiz-Henríquez Carlos E. Martínez-Cortés Amin Cervantes-Arriaga Mayela Rodríguez-Violante Lisette Bazán-Rodríguez Laboratorio de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas en el Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suarez Ciudad de México México Laboratorio de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas en el Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suarez Ciudad de México México. Unidad Periférica para el Estudio de la Neuroinflamación en Patologías Neurológicas del Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas en el Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suarez Ciudad de México México

Background: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an established treatment for patients with advanced Parkinson’s disease (PD). Reports show continued patient satisfaction after surgery despite not maintaining clinical improvement as measured by evolution scales. Objectives: The pres.nt study sought to explore expectations and level of satisfaction in patients after DBS surgery with a semi-structured questionnaire and subsequent correlation with functional scales, Quality of Life (QoL), and motor and non-motor symptoms. Methods: We performed descriptive statistics to repres.nt demographic data, Wilcoxon rank tests to determine significant differences, and Spearman correlation between the applied scales. res.lts: We evaluated 20 patients with a history of DBS surgery. 45% were female, with a mean age of 55.7 ± 14.15 years, a mean disease duration of 13.42 ± 8.3 years, and a mean time after surgery of 3.18 ± 1.86 years. Patients reported surgery meeting expectations in 85.5% and continued satisfaction in 92%. These two variables showed a significant correlation. Conclusions: This sample of patients remained satisfied after DBS surgery, although we found no differences in motor and non-motor clinimetric scales. Further studies are needed to confirm the importance of assessing quality of life in patients with DBS.

关键词： Parkinson’s Disease Quality of Life Deep Brain Stimulation Patient Satisfaction

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DISCONTINUOUS FLOW OF TURBID DENSITY CURRENTS *** HYDRAULIC JUMP

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International Journal of Sediment res.arch 2005年第2期20卷 81-88页

作者： Jiahua FAN1 Prof.,Sr.Engr.(High grade),China Inst.of Water res.urces and Hydropower res.,P.O.Box 366,Beijing,China China Inst. of Water res.urces and Hydropower res. P.O. Box 366 Beijing 100000 China

Traveling and stationary internal hydraulic jumps in density currents with positive or negative entrainment coefficients were analyzed based on simple assumptions. An expres.ion of internal hydraulic jumps with entrainment coefficients was derived. Experimental data,published in literature,of stationary internal hydraulic jumps in turbid,thermal and saline density currents including measured values of water entrainment were used to compare with theory. Comparison was also made of traveling internal hydraulic jumps between measured data and theory.

关键词： Density current Turbidity current Discontinuous flow Stratified flow Internal hydraulic jump Water entrainmentChina1

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A Theoretical res.arch on the Intermediate in the Reaction of N-Phosphorylamino-acid to form Peptide or Ribotide

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Chinese Chemical Letters 1998年第12期9卷 0-0页

作者： Ru Gang ZHONG Zhao Long LI Yu Fen ZHAO Qian Huan DAI (Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry Laboratory, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084)(Center for Chem. and Bioeng. of Cancer res., Beijing Polytechnic University, Beijing 100022) Bioorg. Phosphorus Chem. Laboratory Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Ctr. Chem./Bioeng. of Cancer res. Beijing Polytechnic University Beijing 100022 China

In order to explain the high activity of N-phosphoryl-α-amino acids, ab initio and MNDO calculations are performed to study the reaction pathway of the intermediate formation from N-dimethylphosphoryl-α-alanine (DMP... 详细信息

关键词： Phosphoryl-α-amino acid reaction pathway quantum chemistry

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INFLUENCE OF THE UPSTREAM res.RVOIRS ON THE ADJUSTMENT OF DOWNSTREAM ALLUVIAL CHANNEL

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International Journal of Sediment res.arch 1993年第3期 1-20页

作者： QIAN Yiying, CHENG Xiuwen, FU Chongjin and SHANG Hongxia Senior engineer (high grade), Institute of Hydraulic res.arch, Yellow River Conservancy Commission (YRCC) Senior engineer, Inst. of Hydr. res. YRCC Engineer, Inst. of Hydr. res. YRCC Assistant, Inst. of Hydr. res. YRCC

From the systematic analysis of field data of the existing res.rvoirs on the main stem of the Yellow River it has been found that different modes of operation of the res.rvoirs have different effects on the regulation of runoff and sediment load, and consequently, on the self-adjustment of the downstream channel. If a res.rvoir functions as water impoundment or flood detention, the sediment transport capacity will decrease because of the reduction of flood peaks. Espeially when large amount of sediment load are brought into the river by sediment-laden tributaries downstream of the res.rvoir, the deposition on the downstream channel will be getting serious, the conveyance capacity will decrease and the channel itself will degenerate. Under the operation of storing the clear flow and releasing the muddy the res.rvior capacity can be maintained for long-term use and the sediment transport capacity of the downstream channel can be increased. In the development of water res.urces by construction of res.rvoirs on a sediment-laden river, the influence of the alluvial channel self-adjustment induced by the changes in runoff and sediment load on flood control and environment must be considered.

关键词： Alluvial river self-adjustment dominant discharge sediment- laden river operational mode discharging capacity backwater deposit compatibility of runoff and sediment load.

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The Fuzzy Control Forecast of Fully-Mechanized Coal Face Production Capacity

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Systems Science and Systems Engineering 1999年第3期9卷 306-310页

作者： WANG Lian\|guo\ \ WANG Yu\|zhen res. Ins. of Systems Eng., Shandong Institute of Mining and Technology, Tai′an 271000, China

In this paper, the fully\|mechanized coal face system is thought of as a fuzzy controller, the various factors that have effect on the controller are found and analysis has been made as to how they effect the fully\|mechanized coal face′s production capacity. Based on the above analysis, this paper establishs a series of data analysis models describing the quantitative characteristics of the fully\|mechanized coal face production system. With this series of data models, 90 fully\|mechanized coal faces are processed and the fuzzy control forecasting model of the fully\|mechanized coal faces production capacity is established. This model is accurate and reliable and has achieved good res.lts in practical applicaton.

关键词： fully\|mechanized coal face production capacity, forecast fuzzy controller

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